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Control of quantum systems using model
Control of quantum systems using model

... encoding. Preparation of superposition of states is of great interest in order to exploit its inherent parallelism. An example is the preparation in many-particle qubit systems of entangled states, which offer information manipulation that is not possible with the classical binary bits [23]. The mos ...
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... quantum energy saturates to a constant value hp2 i  L2 , where L is the localization length. The dw-QKR shows a typical, exponentially localized, momentum distribution. However, for the cdw-QKR, the quantal Np is evidently asymmetric, but regains the DL form at large p. There is no net current in ...
The Scattering Green`s Function: Getting the Signs Straight
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... It is worth taking a little time to discuss the statement that G+ (x, x0 ) is the Helmholtz Equation Green’s Function, namely (6.2.12), and use this to verify the overall minus sign. Take k = 0, in which case G+ (x, x0 ) is just −1/4π times the electrostatic potential at x for a unit charge located ...
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... The nuclear spin wave function of N identical particles of spin I spans a representation of the product group SN×U(2I+1) Representation theory gives a simple prescription to find this! ...
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... represents the c o m p a r i s o n o f X-l(q, to = 0) with the measurements o f C o w l e y a n d W o o d s ) 3 The agreement is satisfactory. It is w o r t h pointing out that the response X-l(q, 0) d e p e n d s only slightly on the p o w e r used to define Vt in the interval r = 0 to r = h. The f ...
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... in contrast with the experimental observations. This deviation from random-matrix theory was attributed to the importance of electronic correlations, which are not captured in the constant-interaction model. For strong magnetic fields, in particular in the fractional quantum Hall regime, electronic ...
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... For, just as the classical Riemannian geometry of Σ is determined by the triads Eia , all Riemannian geometry operators – such as the area operator ÂS associated with a 2-surface S or the volume operator V̂R associated with a region R – are constructed from Êia . However, since even the classical ...
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... Null cosmologies: Φ = Φ(x+ ) . No nonzero contraction so the mass term vanishes i.e. m2 (Φ) = 0. Similar story for gauge theory using lightcone gauge for convenience. Suppressing many details, but briefly, cubic/quartic interaction terms: multiplied by powers of gY M = eΦ/2 , unimportant near eΦ → 0 ...
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... so called “consistent linear discretization scheme” [3–5] that meets the continuity requirements across interfaces exactly, using a tetrahedron mesh combined with a consistent linear interpolation of electric and magnetic field strengths. In this section we briefly present our discretization scheme. ...
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bern
bern

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Scalar field theory

In theoretical physics, scalar field theory can refer to a classical or quantum theory of scalar fields. A scalar field is invariant under any Lorentz transformation.The only fundamental scalar quantum field that has been observed in nature is the Higgs field. However, scalar quantum fields feature in the effective field theory descriptions of many physical phenomena. An example is the pion, which is actually a pseudoscalar.Since they do not involve polarization complications, scalar fields are often the easiest to appreciate second quantization through. For this reason, scalar field theories are often used for purposes of introduction of novel concepts and techniques.The signature of the metric employed below is (+, −, −, −).
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