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Chapter 1 - Stanford University
Chapter 1 - Stanford University

... racial differences between the Aryans, who are said to have migrated to India from the Northwest, and the darker indigenous Indians (the Sanskrit word for caste is varna, which means color) (Mendelsohn and Vicziany 7). Today, however, even Roman Catholics in southern India seat themselves according ...
development of stupa architecture in india
development of stupa architecture in india

... refers to the existence of chaitya-vriksha. These were mostly treated as sacred places but were not necessarily associated with burial. It is doubtful if any Stupas were erected during the life time of Buddha. Since he had declared that it was inappropriate to erect Stupa to enshrine his bodily rema ...
the pdf - Open Collections
the pdf - Open Collections

... which Chinese Buddhists believed to have originated there. However, when adapting to the new milieu in China, the conception of what is entailed in stūpa worship might have undergone marked changes, being given new connotations by Chinese Buddhists that are different to those described in the script ...
The Buddha and His Teachings
The Buddha and His Teachings

... Many valuable books have been written by Eastern and Western scholars, Buddhists and non-Buddhists alike, to present the life and teachings of the Buddha to those who are interested in Buddhism. Amongst them one of the most popular works is still The Light of Asia by Sir Edwin Arnold. Many Western t ...
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION

... and the profound nature of the dhamma itself have obscured the import of the early Buddhist dhammakāya up to the present day. ...
SAK YANT: THE TRANSITION FROM INDIC YANTRAS TO THAI
SAK YANT: THE TRANSITION FROM INDIC YANTRAS TO THAI

... broader changes in the modern religious context of Thailand. The transformation of Sak Yant over time likewise reflects the transformations of Theravada Buddhism in Thailand as it is converged with Animist and Hindu forms. This transformation is revealed by an analysis of the social and religious at ...
Early Buddhist Discourses
Early Buddhist Discourses

... The Pāli Canon and Its Significance within Buddhism This book contains new English translations of twenty philosophically important discourses from the Discourse Basket (Sutta Pit·aka) of the Pāli Canon. The Pāli Canon not only contains a substantial amount of textual material that is arguably th ...
Mindfulness: A Dialogue between Buddhism and Clinical
Mindfulness: A Dialogue between Buddhism and Clinical

... we know of as Buddhism began in Northern India 2,500 years ago with the teachings of a man by the name of Siddhartha Gautama. Gautama came to be known as “the Buddha”, meaning “the awakened one”. The Buddha was believed to have achieved final liberation from suffering, or enlightenment, and his teac ...
The Seeker`s Glossary of Buddhism
The Seeker`s Glossary of Buddhism

... This is a revised and expanded edition of The Seeker’s Glossary of Buddhism, which first appeared a year ago. The text is a compendium of excerpts and quotations from some 350 works by monks, nuns, professors, scholars and other laypersons from nine different countries, in their own words or in tran ...
Tara and Tibetan Buddhism: The Emergence of the Feminine Divine
Tara and Tibetan Buddhism: The Emergence of the Feminine Divine

... to depict that although Tara is void of imperfections, she has chosen to stay in samsara to be of aid to all who need her. Her right hand is in the giving mudra, indicating that she bestows “ordinary accomplishments (supernatural powers)” as well as “sublime accomplishments (realization of nature of ...
The Ajivikas - Rare Book Society of India
The Ajivikas - Rare Book Society of India

Miracles and Superhuman Powers in South Asian Buddhist Literature
Miracles and Superhuman Powers in South Asian Buddhist Literature

Chapter 1 - Princeton University Press
Chapter 1 - Princeton University Press

Mahayana Buddhism - The Doctrinal Foundations
Mahayana Buddhism - The Doctrinal Foundations

... be identified by the relevant definition. Thus the same thing is expressed each time the utterance is used. Because the expression ‘Mahayana’ (or its equivalent in the local language) has been used by Buddhists from perhaps as early as the first century BCE to the present day, from India through Tibet, ...
issue #3 - HH the Sakya Trizin
issue #3 - HH the Sakya Trizin

... We wish to extend our heartfelt thanks to our sponsors, whose generosity made this issue possible, and to all those who have contributed to the magazine in one way or another. We’re very grateful for the donations, editorial collaboration and appreciative support that have been offered us during the ...
Buddhism and Sustainability-Related Organisational Practices: A Sri
Buddhism and Sustainability-Related Organisational Practices: A Sri

... This thesis investigates the potential and challenges of Buddhism in informing organisations’1 pursuit of sustainability. Buddhism is argued to enable possibilities for sustainability on a more systemic and spiritual level than a view of economic rationality that tends towards an entity and a materi ...
- VU Research Repository
- VU Research Repository

... I, Lisa E. Jones, declare that the PhD thesis entitled The Jewel in the Heart of the Lotus: Bringing Buddhist Wisdom and Compassion to Psychotherapy is no more than 100,000 words in length, exclusive of tables, figures, appendices, references and footnotes. This thesis contains no material that has ...
The Concept of `Dhamma` in Thai Buddhism: A
The Concept of `Dhamma` in Thai Buddhism: A

... R eproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ...
Cliff Notes: Text and Image at Baodingshan
Cliff Notes: Text and Image at Baodingshan

... she has given me, helping me through not only the mound of material that was my original research project on Baodingshan, but also through the maze of academia. Her self-discipline and clarity of purpose are something I shall always aspire to. Dr. Stevenson expertly overcame my ignorance of the nuan ...
here - Steamboat Buddhist Center
here - Steamboat Buddhist Center

... mental energy on the lineage or deities and as a result these develop a kind of power to help practitioners. But one must open oneself up to receive the blessings, the blessings are received if the practitioner is receptive. Blessings. (Tib. chin lap) The process by which one individual introduces s ...
recognitions and congratulations to hh dorje chang buddha iii
recognitions and congratulations to hh dorje chang buddha iii

on pure land buddhism and ch`an/pure land syncretism in medieval
on pure land buddhism and ch`an/pure land syncretism in medieval

... Pure Land school in China.13 The four scriptures most closely associated with the Pure Land gained wide currency in China and, as I shall review below, representatives from virtually every major exegetical tradition of Buddhism in China wrote commentaries to one or more of them. The wide variety of ...
For more information about Nichiren Buddhism and a - Sgi-Usa
For more information about Nichiren Buddhism and a - Sgi-Usa

... To Nichiren, this phrase signified something far beyond being simply the title of a Buddhist text. It was the principle, or Law, at the very heart and core of the sutra’s teaching. He added nam to Myohorenge-kyo and set forth the chanting of Nam-myoho-renge-kyo as the practice to accord one’s life ...
Taming the Monkey Mind
Taming the Monkey Mind

... Special mention is due to Upasaka Thieu Chuu, who through his own vernacular translation of this commentary more than half a century ago, clarified many difficult passages and transcendental points of Dharma. Without their invaluable contributions, this book would not have been possible. ...
The Dawn of Abhidharma - Numata Zentrum für Buddhismuskunde
The Dawn of Abhidharma - Numata Zentrum für Buddhismuskunde

... such formal aspects, he shows how the attempt to provide a comprehensive map of the teachings gradually led to the arising of new terminology and new ideas. He identifies the notion of the supramundane path as an instance where fully fledged Abhidharma thought manifests in the discourses, namely in ...
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Bhikkhuni



A bhikkhunī (Pali) or bhikṣuṇī (Sanskrit) is a fully ordained female monastic in Buddhism. Male monastics are called bhikkhus. Both bhikkhunis and bhikkhus live by the Vinaya, a set of rules. Until recently, the lineages of female monastics only remained in Mahayana Buddhism and thus are prevalent in countries such as Korea, Vietnam, China, and Taiwan but a few women have taken the full monastic vows in the Theravada and Vajrayana schools over the last decade.In Buddhism, women are as capable of reaching nirvana as men. According to Buddhist scriptures, the order of bhikkhunis was first created by the Buddha at the specific request of his aunt and foster-mother Mahapajapati Gotami, who became the first ordained bhikkhuni. A famous work of the early Buddhist schools is the Therigatha, a collection of poems by elder nuns about enlightenment that was preserved in the Pāli Canon.Bhikkhunis are required to take extra vows, the Eight Garudhammas, and are subordinate to and reliant upon the bhikkhu order. In places where the bhikkhuni lineage was historically missing or has died out, due to hardship, alternative forms of renunciation have developed. In Tibetan Buddhism, women officially take the vows of śrāmaṇerīs (novitiates); Theravadin woman may choose to take an informal and limited set of vows similar to the historical vows of the sāmaṇerī, like the maechi of Thailand and thilashin or Burma.
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