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IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE)
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE)

Application of reclosers in distribution systems requires
Application of reclosers in distribution systems requires

... 3. Maximum Symmetrical Interrupting Rating: The maximum symmetrical fault current should not exceed this rating. 4. Minimum Tripping current: This is the minimum fault current that a recloser can clear and it is equal to two times the continuous current rating ±10% tolerance. This decides the sensit ...
Application of reclosers in distribution systems requires
Application of reclosers in distribution systems requires

balanced three–phase circuits
balanced three–phase circuits

... A single-phase equivalent circuit is used to calculate the line current and the phase voltage in one phase of the Y-Y structure. The a-phase is normally chosen for this purpose. © 2008 Pearson Education ...
Circuits Unit 4(F) Year-pg1
Circuits Unit 4(F) Year-pg1

A Low-Power Low-Voltage 10-bit 100
A Low-Power Low-Voltage 10-bit 100

...  Pipeline architectures have been widely employed in applications requiring  high speed and high resolution with relatively low power dissipation  supply voltage of 1.2 v  For lower-voltage operation,the switched opamp (SO) technique is proposed to overcome the switch driving problem caused by a ...
NGG NGB Circuit Breakers File size 1.1MB
NGG NGB Circuit Breakers File size 1.1MB

Buying a Surge Protector
Buying a Surge Protector

... • 3-Line protection — Surges can occur between hot, neutral and ground lines. Choose a unit that protects along all three lines. • Circuit breaker — A breaker stops the flow of electricity when a circuit is overloaded and is not related to surges or spikes. • Ground indicator light — This light show ...
International Journal of Electrical, Electronics and
International Journal of Electrical, Electronics and

... prime energy sources which are being utilized in this regard. ...
Auto-Transformer
Auto-Transformer

A New Topology for Mitigating the Common Mode Voltage in
A New Topology for Mitigating the Common Mode Voltage in

Low Input Voltage, Cap Free 150 mA Low
Low Input Voltage, Cap Free 150 mA Low

... may be tied to VIN in applications where the shutdown feature is not used. Current limiting and thermal protection prevent damage by excessive output current and/or power dissipation. The device switches into a constant-current mode at approximately 350 mA; further load reduces the output voltage in ...
BSPS4255TNS(R) / BSPS4255TT(R)
BSPS4255TNS(R) / BSPS4255TT(R)

... The only controlled copy of this Data Sheet is the electronic read-only version located on the Cooper Bussmann Network Drive. All other copies of this document are by definition uncontrolled. This bulletin is intended to clearly present comprehensive product data and provide technical information th ...
BDTIC 1N5400 - 1N5408 General Purpose Rectifiers
BDTIC 1N5400 - 1N5408 General Purpose Rectifiers

... or (b) support or sustain life, or (c) whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury to the user. ...
SPATZ+H9000 High Frequency Inverter Power Source
SPATZ+H9000 High Frequency Inverter Power Source

... frequency. Actual values are compared with target values every 0.025 ms. The output power is adapted during the welding process if targets are not being met. Constant Current Control (CCC), Constant Power Control (CPC) and Constant Voltage Control (CVC) can all be used. At the end of each weld, the ...
R 1 +R 2
R 1 +R 2

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, VOL. 23, NO. 1
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, VOL. 23, NO. 1

Presentation_pocpa_safety_related-5 - Indico
Presentation_pocpa_safety_related-5 - Indico

Naim Discrete Regulator - English
Naim Discrete Regulator - English

... supplies to sound quality and paid meticulous attention to optimising power supply design in its products. The addition of outboard power supplies additionally offers an established upgrade path for many Naim products, enhancing sound quality by improving the supplies themselves, by removing the ele ...
RT8450B - Richtek
RT8450B - Richtek

... The RT8450B is equipped with over voltage protection (OVP) function. When the voltage at OVP pin exceeds a threshold of approximately1.2V, the power switch is turned off. The power switch can be turned on again once the voltage at OVP pin drops below 1.2V. For the Boost Application, the output volta ...
Paper Title (use style: paper title)
Paper Title (use style: paper title)

Basic Components File
Basic Components File

... Look at the table on the right which shows the values of the E12 and E24 series: - Resistors are made in multiples of these values, for example, 1.2Ω, 12 Ω, 120 Ω, 1.2 kΩ, 12 kΩ, 120 kΩ and so on. Consider 100 Ωand 120 Ω, adjacent values in the E12 range. 10% of 100 Ω is 10 Ω, while 10% of 120 Ωis 1 ...
Data Sheet  Features
Data Sheet Features

... reference is fixed at 200mV. The relation for RISET and LED current (ILED) can be expressed as below: ...
HMC588LC4B
HMC588LC4B

... MMIC Voltage Controlled Oscillator which incorporates the resonator, negative resistance device, and varactor diode. Output power and phase noise performance are excellent over temperature due to the oscillator’s monolithic construction. The Vtune port accepts an analog tuning voltage from 0 to +13V ...
2SK241 FM Tuner, VHF and RF Amplifier Applications
2SK241 FM Tuner, VHF and RF Amplifier Applications

... • TOSHIBA is continually working to improve the quality and reliability of its products. Nevertheless, semiconductor devices in general can malfunction or fail due to their inherent electrical sensitivity and vulnerability to physical stress. It is the responsibility of the buyer, when utilizing TOS ...
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Electrical substation



A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and distribution system. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or perform any of several other important functions. Between the generating station and consumer, electric power may flow through several substations at different voltage levels.Substations may be owned and operated by an electrical utility, or may be owned by a large industrial or commercial customer. Generally substations are unattended, relying on SCADA for remote supervision and control.A substation may include transformers to change voltage levels between high transmission voltages and lower distribution voltages, or at the interconnection of two different transmission voltages. The word substation comes from the days before the distribution system became a grid. As central generation stations became larger, smaller generating plants were converted to distribution stations, receiving their energy supply from a larger plant instead of using their own generators. The first substations were connected to only one power station, where the generators were housed, and were subsidiaries of that power station.
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