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Capabilities Brochure
Capabilities Brochure

... The electrical resistance of ceramic PTC (positive temperature coefficient) thermistors increases exponentially at the so called switching temperature or Ts. This typical characteristic makes PTC thermistors very useful components for several application areas such as voltage and current overload pr ...
LM22673 - Texas Instruments
LM22673 - Texas Instruments

Three Phase Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter with Ac
Three Phase Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter with Ac

... legs. A particular advantage of this topology is that the modulation, control, and protection requirements of each bridge are modular. However, each single-phase inverter requires its own isolated dc supply, typically derived from a multi winding low-frequency transformer or high-frequency dc-to-dc ...
ADN4667 数据手册DataSheet 下载
ADN4667 数据手册DataSheet 下载

... converts them to a differential current output of typically ±3.1 mA for driving a transmission medium such as a twisted pair cable. The transmitted signal develops a differential voltage of typically ±310 mV across a termination resistor at the receiving end. This is converted back to a TTL/CMOS log ...
1W Audio Power Amplifier with Shutdown Mode
1W Audio Power Amplifier with Shutdown Mode

... different from the classical single-ended amplifier configuration where one side of its load is connected to ground. A bridge amplifier design has a few distinct advantages over the single-ended configuration, as it provides differential drive to the load, thus doubling output swing for a specified ...
A half-bridge inverter employing an auxiliary circuit with
A half-bridge inverter employing an auxiliary circuit with

... merits of very high thermal conversion efficiency, rapid heating, local spot heating, direct heating, high power density, high reliability, low running cost and nonacoustic noise. Most of the IH systems are constructed of resonant inverters operating at high frequencies. However, they have caused so ...
Remote Power Modules product specifications
Remote Power Modules product specifications

STMISOC - Biopac
STMISOC - Biopac

... For electrical stimulation, generally, the lower the electrode salt content, the less skin irritation will be experienced by subject. This is because fewer salt ions are driven into skin during stimulation. This strategy puts more demand on the stimulator, because skin impedances are higher with low ...
Fundamentals of SSI and Series Compensation
Fundamentals of SSI and Series Compensation

Design and Implementation of a Stand-Alone Remote Terminal Unit Prachi Sharma
Design and Implementation of a Stand-Alone Remote Terminal Unit Prachi Sharma

... RTUs were once “dumb” devices that served as an extension of the central computer to the local Input/output. They had no intelligence but could only read the inputs and activate the control outputs. With the development and use of 8 -bit, 16-bit and 32-bit microcontrollers, RTUs are now dedicated mi ...
realization of ternary-logic based shift up, shift down using mosfet
realization of ternary-logic based shift up, shift down using mosfet

Safety Induction to the Lift & Escalator Industry
Safety Induction to the Lift & Escalator Industry

... software? All changes must be recorded on the wiring diagrams. Safe use of shorting wires/ jumpers  The primary function of a shorting wire is to bypass a faulty component when fault finding and should only be used when there is no alternative,  Shorting wires should be manufactured specifically f ...
UCC25230 - Texas Instruments
UCC25230 - Texas Instruments

... It is capable of operating from an input voltage range of 12 V to 100 V (up to 105-V surge), making it ideal for usage in 24-V or 48-V input telecom applications. High-side and low-side power switches are integrated and provide up to 200 mA of peak output current. The UCC25230 is an ideal, complemen ...
PROwatt 250 12V/24V POWER INVERTER OWNER`S MANUAL
PROwatt 250 12V/24V POWER INVERTER OWNER`S MANUAL

... high power levels (above 100 watts) for extended periods, the case will get hot. Surface temperatures may approach 60º C (140º F) on some parts of the case. When operating at high power levels, do not place the PROwatt 250 on or near materials that may be affected by these temperatures. Use caution ...
BODAS Controller RC Series 21
BODAS Controller RC Series 21

Speed of Line Protection – Can We Break Free of Phasor
Speed of Line Protection – Can We Break Free of Phasor

... one to one-and-a-half cycles, and the breakers interrupt current in one-and-a-half to three cycles, so faults are typically cleared in three to four cycles. Sometimes the relaying system operates faster. For example, sensitive instantaneous overcurrent elements can be used for switch-onto-fault even ...
comparison of electric springs with statcom for distributed
comparison of electric springs with statcom for distributed

... reactive power absorption of the renewable source. This is to test the ability of an ES and a STATCOM to suppress the voltage and regulate it at the nominal value. At t=1.0 s, the reactive power absorption by the intermittent renewable source was reduced from 467 VAr down to 110 VAr. Without any vol ...
High-Voltage Power Delivery Through Charge Recycling
High-Voltage Power Delivery Through Charge Recycling

EX2100e Excitation Control 100, 77, 53, and 42 mm Thyristor Systems
EX2100e Excitation Control 100, 77, 53, and 42 mm Thyristor Systems

... rectifier bridge includes thyristor protection circuitry, such as snubbers, filters, and fuses. The thyristor bridge module is forced-air cooled. For most applications, redundant cooling modules that are normally energized during operation are used. A thermistor monitors the PCM temperature. A set o ...
Fault Management Circuit
Fault Management Circuit

... the VTM, but the RC time constant is long enough to keep the voltage on C1 too low to turn on Q2 before Q1 turns on; otherwise Q1 would turn on, bring ENABLE low and shut down the PRM again. When the VTM detects a fault, the TM output goes low, cutting off Q2 and allowing C1 to charge through R1, ca ...
PL512/PL506 Modular Power Supply System Technical Manual 6. June 2011
PL512/PL506 Modular Power Supply System Technical Manual 6. June 2011

... The only purpose of this manual is a description of the product. It must not be interpreted as a declaration of conformity for this product including the product and software. W-Ie-Ne-R revises this product and manual without notice. Differences of the description in manual and product are possible. ...
Film Capacitors, Power Factor Correction, Power Quality Solutions
Film Capacitors, Power Factor Correction, Power Quality Solutions

... correction (PFC) and power quality solutions (PQS) for many years. In the past, most consumer loads were linear, i.e. when they were connected to a sinusoidal voltage, the current was also sinusoidal. In the meantime, the use of power electronics has significantly increased. These devices are usuall ...
Single Electron Tunneling Junctions
Single Electron Tunneling Junctions

... To get a feeling for the behavior of an isolated SETJ, let’s first turn off the pump voltage. The behavior then resembles a relaxation oscillator. ...
MAX17085B Evaluation Kit Evaluates: General Description Features
MAX17085B Evaluation Kit Evaluates: General Description Features

... LDOs. The EV kit circuit is capable of supplying power to a system load (SYSLD) and two converters connected to the SYSLD output, while simultaneously charging the battery pack. The EV kit circuit also integrates a third step-down, DC-DC converter to implement a precision constant-current/constant-v ...
Electricity and Multimeters
Electricity and Multimeters

... but not amps. Measure voltage and amps while the electricity is on. Measure resistance and continuity while the electricity is off. For the specific details of how to use your multimeter, consult the manual, which explains what you can measure with the multimeter and how to use it. Multimeters are s ...
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Electrical substation



A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and distribution system. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or perform any of several other important functions. Between the generating station and consumer, electric power may flow through several substations at different voltage levels.Substations may be owned and operated by an electrical utility, or may be owned by a large industrial or commercial customer. Generally substations are unattended, relying on SCADA for remote supervision and control.A substation may include transformers to change voltage levels between high transmission voltages and lower distribution voltages, or at the interconnection of two different transmission voltages. The word substation comes from the days before the distribution system became a grid. As central generation stations became larger, smaller generating plants were converted to distribution stations, receiving their energy supply from a larger plant instead of using their own generators. The first substations were connected to only one power station, where the generators were housed, and were subsidiaries of that power station.
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