Dynamic triggering: The effects of remote earthquakes on volcanoes
... Under certain circumstances earthquakes can, however, be triggered or induced by external influences. For example, Miller [2008] comments on various effects of heavy rainfall as a trigger for earthquakes through increased pore pressure at depth. In Enhanced Geothermal Systems small earthquakes are d ...
... Under certain circumstances earthquakes can, however, be triggered or induced by external influences. For example, Miller [2008] comments on various effects of heavy rainfall as a trigger for earthquakes through increased pore pressure at depth. In Enhanced Geothermal Systems small earthquakes are d ...
Moment Magnitude Estimates for Earthquakes in the Greek Region
... The moment tensor solutions at NOA for the period January 2001 until October 2012 have been determined using the method of Herrmann and Ammon (2002) as described in Konstantinou et al. (2010); and, from late 2012 until now, inversions are performed using the ISOLA software package (Sokos and Zahradn ...
... The moment tensor solutions at NOA for the period January 2001 until October 2012 have been determined using the method of Herrmann and Ammon (2002) as described in Konstantinou et al. (2010); and, from late 2012 until now, inversions are performed using the ISOLA software package (Sokos and Zahradn ...
Possible stress states adjacent to the rupture
... 1993; Yu et al., 1997). In the case of isotropic horizontal stress with the magnitude smaller than the vertical stress (Fig. 2b), focal mechanisms are favorable to normal-faulting ubiquitously. Such distribution of focal mechanisms can only tally with few aftershocks and disagree with the region str ...
... 1993; Yu et al., 1997). In the case of isotropic horizontal stress with the magnitude smaller than the vertical stress (Fig. 2b), focal mechanisms are favorable to normal-faulting ubiquitously. Such distribution of focal mechanisms can only tally with few aftershocks and disagree with the region str ...
Development and Application of Stochastic Models of Earthquake
... occurrence of seismic swarms is mainly ascribed to intrusion of magma (in volcanic zones) or fluids and to following redistribution of stress, caused by reduction of the resistance of faults [Kisslinger, 1975; Noir et al., 1997]. In contrast to mainshock-aftershocks sequences, earthquake swarms are ...
... occurrence of seismic swarms is mainly ascribed to intrusion of magma (in volcanic zones) or fluids and to following redistribution of stress, caused by reduction of the resistance of faults [Kisslinger, 1975; Noir et al., 1997]. In contrast to mainshock-aftershocks sequences, earthquake swarms are ...
Earthquake triggering and large-scale geologic storage of
... larger the fault and amount of slip, depending on the stress drop in a particular earthquake. Observational data indicate that earthquake stress drops range between 0.1 and 10 MPa. ...
... larger the fault and amount of slip, depending on the stress drop in a particular earthquake. Observational data indicate that earthquake stress drops range between 0.1 and 10 MPa. ...
Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems - ePrints Soton
... evolution of the sequence using the continuous seismic record from the nearest permanent seismic station to Kivu (supplemental information Figure S1, MBAR located 250 km from the main shock) during October 2002. During 5–29 October 2002, we compute local magnitude (ML) of 88 well-recorded earthquak ...
... evolution of the sequence using the continuous seismic record from the nearest permanent seismic station to Kivu (supplemental information Figure S1, MBAR located 250 km from the main shock) during October 2002. During 5–29 October 2002, we compute local magnitude (ML) of 88 well-recorded earthquak ...
Anomalous stress diffusion in earthquake triggering: Correlation
... scaling disappears after a few months. A functional form for the probability of triggering as a function of time and distance is proposed on the basis of the properties of near critical point systems. The model fits the data well and could be used to calculate conditional probabilities for time-depe ...
... scaling disappears after a few months. A functional form for the probability of triggering as a function of time and distance is proposed on the basis of the properties of near critical point systems. The model fits the data well and could be used to calculate conditional probabilities for time-depe ...
Short-Term Earthquake Hazard Assessment for
... southeast to Bombay Beach on the Salton Sea (Figure 1), has not produced a major earthquake within the historic record. Both geodetic evidence of continuing strain accumulation (Savage et al, 1986) and the occurrence of recent prehistoric large earthquakes (Sieh, 1986; Sieh and Williams, 1990), howe ...
... southeast to Bombay Beach on the Salton Sea (Figure 1), has not produced a major earthquake within the historic record. Both geodetic evidence of continuing strain accumulation (Savage et al, 1986) and the occurrence of recent prehistoric large earthquakes (Sieh, 1986; Sieh and Williams, 1990), howe ...
Spatiotemporal relationships between earthquakes of the Mid
... Europe (43oN to 54oN) exhibits diffuse seismicity with the largest known earthquakes rarely greater than magnitude 4 (Tesauro et al., 2006). This seismicity seems to be concentrated on old zones of weakness that are reactivated by the present-day stress field (Ziegler, 1992). A large number of the e ...
... Europe (43oN to 54oN) exhibits diffuse seismicity with the largest known earthquakes rarely greater than magnitude 4 (Tesauro et al., 2006). This seismicity seems to be concentrated on old zones of weakness that are reactivated by the present-day stress field (Ziegler, 1992). A large number of the e ...
Earthquake swarm and b-value characterization of the Yellowstone
... and geographic network coverage with more instruments. This left 23,054 events in the data set hereafter referred to as the catalog of earthquakes. The average MC for the time period of 1984 to 2006 is 1.0, and only 10% of the earthquakes have MC > 2.0. Earthquake swarms were then identified and were ...
... and geographic network coverage with more instruments. This left 23,054 events in the data set hereafter referred to as the catalog of earthquakes. The average MC for the time period of 1984 to 2006 is 1.0, and only 10% of the earthquakes have MC > 2.0. Earthquake swarms were then identified and were ...
Slab pull, slab weakening, and their relation to deep intraslab
... fraction, but there is significantly less moment released by these earthquakes. [12] To further examine the possible errors associated with catalog completeness, we also compare pull fraction with moment release from a subset of earthquakes with Mw = 6 – 7. The R values are 0.31 and 0.84 for interme ...
... fraction, but there is significantly less moment released by these earthquakes. [12] To further examine the possible errors associated with catalog completeness, we also compare pull fraction with moment release from a subset of earthquakes with Mw = 6 – 7. The R values are 0.31 and 0.84 for interme ...
The Performance of Earthquake Strengthened URM Buildings in the
... A diagram that shows the peak ground acceleration that a building of a specific period will be subjected to. The spectra can be used to assess both the seismic inertial forces induced in an elastically responding structure and the amount of induced displacement relative to the ground A structural el ...
... A diagram that shows the peak ground acceleration that a building of a specific period will be subjected to. The spectra can be used to assess both the seismic inertial forces induced in an elastically responding structure and the amount of induced displacement relative to the ground A structural el ...
Relocating a Cluster of Earthquakes Using a Single
... of CWI to estimate event separation has been demonstrated already (Snieder and Vrijlandt, 2005; Robinson, Sambridge, and Snieder, 2007; Robinson et al., 2011). We undertake a complete coda-wave location experiment, including the calculation of CWI separation estimates, for recorded earthquakes in Re ...
... of CWI to estimate event separation has been demonstrated already (Snieder and Vrijlandt, 2005; Robinson, Sambridge, and Snieder, 2007; Robinson et al., 2011). We undertake a complete coda-wave location experiment, including the calculation of CWI separation estimates, for recorded earthquakes in Re ...
Magnitude Scaling Relationships - GEM Nexus
... magnitude scaling relationships. These are typically regressions of historical earthquake datasets, in which magnitude is scaled to parameters such as fault rupture length and area. The mix of historical data from different tectonic environments, and the different forms of the regression equations c ...
... magnitude scaling relationships. These are typically regressions of historical earthquake datasets, in which magnitude is scaled to parameters such as fault rupture length and area. The mix of historical data from different tectonic environments, and the different forms of the regression equations c ...
OUTER RISE SEISMICITY OF THE SUBDUCTING NAZCA PLATE
... subducting plate prior to subduction can affect the Earth’s water cycle [Lefeldt and Grevemeyer, 2008], subduction arc and back-arc volcanism and, if the faults penetrate deep enough, can react with the lithospheric mantle [Lefeldt et al., 2009]. In addition, hydration at the surface and subsequent ...
... subducting plate prior to subduction can affect the Earth’s water cycle [Lefeldt and Grevemeyer, 2008], subduction arc and back-arc volcanism and, if the faults penetrate deep enough, can react with the lithospheric mantle [Lefeldt et al., 2009]. In addition, hydration at the surface and subsequent ...
2002/005 OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY REPORT Seismic hazard: UK continental shelf
... process, which follows the Pareto distribution in volume of data capture per library research day. In the early 1980’s when historical earthquake research was burgeoning, hundreds of pages of primary documentary information could be retrieved with a modest newspaper library effort. The Scandinavian ...
... process, which follows the Pareto distribution in volume of data capture per library research day. In the early 1980’s when historical earthquake research was burgeoning, hundreds of pages of primary documentary information could be retrieved with a modest newspaper library effort. The Scandinavian ...
Seismicity models based on Coulomb stress calculations
... Receiver orientation: The calculation of Coulomb stress changes requires the definition of the geometry and the faulting mechanism of the target faults upon which stress perturbations are resolved. Two approaches are commonly adopted; the first one relies on resolving stress changes onto a prescribe ...
... Receiver orientation: The calculation of Coulomb stress changes requires the definition of the geometry and the faulting mechanism of the target faults upon which stress perturbations are resolved. Two approaches are commonly adopted; the first one relies on resolving stress changes onto a prescribe ...
The 43rd Nordic Seismology Seminar
... to 800 meters. Since 1983 the whole seismic network recorded more than 1,200 seismic events of the energy classes K=4.0-9.5 (magnitude M=0 3), five of them being sizeable. The recorded earthquakes considerably correlate in space and time with the region structural plan which evidently suggests that ...
... to 800 meters. Since 1983 the whole seismic network recorded more than 1,200 seismic events of the energy classes K=4.0-9.5 (magnitude M=0 3), five of them being sizeable. The recorded earthquakes considerably correlate in space and time with the region structural plan which evidently suggests that ...
chapter 5 intervention strategies
... 5.2.1.3 Damage evaluation and selection of a repair and strengthening solution Utilizing the investigation data which has been documented and the criteria for repair and strengthening, the designer must typically evaluate the damage, perform analysis to determine why the damage occurred, and develop ...
... 5.2.1.3 Damage evaluation and selection of a repair and strengthening solution Utilizing the investigation data which has been documented and the criteria for repair and strengthening, the designer must typically evaluate the damage, perform analysis to determine why the damage occurred, and develop ...
12660004_COMPDYN_Final.doc (374Kb)
... A four story reinforced concrete frame described in [21], designed in accordance with Eurocode 8 (EC8) and Eurocode 2(EC2) is used to illustrate the proposed optimization procedure. The frame is designed for high seismicity assuming a PGA of 0.3g. The details of the frame and the arrangement of the ...
... A four story reinforced concrete frame described in [21], designed in accordance with Eurocode 8 (EC8) and Eurocode 2(EC2) is used to illustrate the proposed optimization procedure. The frame is designed for high seismicity assuming a PGA of 0.3g. The details of the frame and the arrangement of the ...
Complete Paper
... noticeably more broad because of the expanding accessibility of ground movement record databases and enhancing figuring power. Contingent upon the construction law and structure included, the specialist may be required to perform one or a mix of many sorts of seismic examinations including reaction ...
... noticeably more broad because of the expanding accessibility of ground movement record databases and enhancing figuring power. Contingent upon the construction law and structure included, the specialist may be required to perform one or a mix of many sorts of seismic examinations including reaction ...
Tectonics - Teesdale School
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Proposal_Yan - Geophysics at Georgia Tech
... depth, where subducting plate starts to stably slide without locking [Norabuena et al., 2004], is selected as the end line. There is a coordinate transformation from geodetic coordinate to local Cartesian coordinate when creating the parabolic boundaries, so that I can visually check how these seism ...
... depth, where subducting plate starts to stably slide without locking [Norabuena et al., 2004], is selected as the end line. There is a coordinate transformation from geodetic coordinate to local Cartesian coordinate when creating the parabolic boundaries, so that I can visually check how these seism ...
Interface Locking of Subduction Zone near Costa Rica using
... depth, where subducting plate starts to stably slide without locking [Norabuena et al., 2004], is selected as the end line. There is a coordinate transformation from geodetic coordinate to local Cartesian coordinate when creating the parabolic boundaries, so that I can visually check how these seism ...
... depth, where subducting plate starts to stably slide without locking [Norabuena et al., 2004], is selected as the end line. There is a coordinate transformation from geodetic coordinate to local Cartesian coordinate when creating the parabolic boundaries, so that I can visually check how these seism ...
Vulnerability Functions - National Disaster Management Authority
... earthquake in 1957 in the same area, have shown that the vulnerability of the constructions were not reduced due to the experiences from the 1957 earthquake. As a result, the same tragic lessons had to be re-learnt in 2001 as during 1957 (Sinha et al., 2001). In order to predict the likely impact of ...
... earthquake in 1957 in the same area, have shown that the vulnerability of the constructions were not reduced due to the experiences from the 1957 earthquake. As a result, the same tragic lessons had to be re-learnt in 2001 as during 1957 (Sinha et al., 2001). In order to predict the likely impact of ...
2009 L'Aquila earthquake
The 2009 L'Aquila earthquake occurred in the region of Abruzzo, in central Italy. The main shock occurred at 03:32 CEST (01:32 UTC) on 6 April 2009, and was rated 5.8 or 5.9 on the Richter scale and 6.3 on the moment magnitude scale; its epicentre was near L'Aquila, the capital of Abruzzo, which together with surrounding villages suffered most damage. There have been several thousand foreshocks and aftershocks since December 2008, more than thirty of which had a Richter magnitude greater than 3.5.The earthquake was felt throughout central Italy; 308 people are known to have died, making this the deadliest earthquake to hit Italy since the 1980 Irpinia earthquake. In a subsequent inquiry of the handling of the disaster, seven members of the Italian National Commission for the Forecast and Prevention of Major Risks were accused of giving ""inexact, incomplete and contradictory"" information about the danger of the tremors prior to the main quake.On 22 October 2012, six scientists and one ex-government official were convicted of multiple manslaughter for downplaying the likelihood of a major earthquake six days before it took place. They were each sentenced to six years' imprisonment. On 10 November 2014, the scientists convicted of manslaughter for failing to predict the deadly earthquake have had the verdict overturned. Some people say that science itself had been put on trial. Criticism was also applied to poor building standards that led to the failure of many modern buildings in a known earthquake zone: an official at Italy's Civil Protection Agency, Franco Barberi, said that ""in California, an earthquake like this one would not have killed a single person"".