Diffraction effects on light–atomic-ensemble quantum interface
... optical wavelength and not too long samples. In addition, since the operator nature of atomic position is suppressed, the spatial density distribution of the atoms is not changed by the interaction with the radiation in this model. The dynamics generated by Eq. 共1兲 at the level of expectation values ...
... optical wavelength and not too long samples. In addition, since the operator nature of atomic position is suppressed, the spatial density distribution of the atoms is not changed by the interaction with the radiation in this model. The dynamics generated by Eq. 共1兲 at the level of expectation values ...
The Theory of Collisions between Two Diatomic Molecules
... As is well known, the knowledge of molecular collision processes, in general, together with that of the stationary states of molecules form the fundamental part of the chemical physics. And these molecular collisions which may be accompanied with the rotational and/or the vibrational transitions can ...
... As is well known, the knowledge of molecular collision processes, in general, together with that of the stationary states of molecules form the fundamental part of the chemical physics. And these molecular collisions which may be accompanied with the rotational and/or the vibrational transitions can ...
Ab initio electron scattering cross-sections and transport in liquid
... xenon triple point in section 4.1 using a Monte-Carlo simulation of a Lennard-Jones potential, with parameters fitted from experimental data in the gas phase, and compare the results with previous calculations. The pair-correlator allows us to determine an effective liquid scattering cross-section ...
... xenon triple point in section 4.1 using a Monte-Carlo simulation of a Lennard-Jones potential, with parameters fitted from experimental data in the gas phase, and compare the results with previous calculations. The pair-correlator allows us to determine an effective liquid scattering cross-section ...
2. The Mass and Size of the Atom
... the density of the trees. If one shoots repeatedly and counts the number of undeflected bullets relative to the total number fired, it is possible to determine the thickness of the trees (that is, their interaction cross section). In order to do so, one must know their density. Naturally, one would ...
... the density of the trees. If one shoots repeatedly and counts the number of undeflected bullets relative to the total number fired, it is possible to determine the thickness of the trees (that is, their interaction cross section). In order to do so, one must know their density. Naturally, one would ...
Electromagnetic energy within a magnetic infinite cylinder and
... isotropic, with inductive capacities 共⑀1 , 1兲 and 共⑀ , 兲, respectively. The incident EM wave that interacts with the cylinder is a plane and monochromatic complex wave, with time-harmonic dependence given by exp共−it兲 [19,21]. The quantity is the angular frequency and it is considered to be the ...
... isotropic, with inductive capacities 共⑀1 , 1兲 and 共⑀ , 兲, respectively. The incident EM wave that interacts with the cylinder is a plane and monochromatic complex wave, with time-harmonic dependence given by exp共−it兲 [19,21]. The quantity is the angular frequency and it is considered to be the ...
v - UTA HEP WWW Home Page
... • Cannot adequately describe small scale phenomena with classical mechanics and E&M • The study of atomic structure led to quantum mechanics (QM) – Long range E&M force is responsible for holding atoms together – Yet it is sufficiently weak that QM can be used to reliably predict properties of atoms ...
... • Cannot adequately describe small scale phenomena with classical mechanics and E&M • The study of atomic structure led to quantum mechanics (QM) – Long range E&M force is responsible for holding atoms together – Yet it is sufficiently weak that QM can be used to reliably predict properties of atoms ...
Through scattering theory with gun and camera: Coping with conventions
... The choice of normalization also affects important formal equations. For instance, the relation between the elastic scattering amplitude and the momentum-space T matrix 共see Sec. IV兲 is affected not only by how the S and T matrices are related 共see Sec. III A兲, but also by how we normalize the plan ...
... The choice of normalization also affects important formal equations. For instance, the relation between the elastic scattering amplitude and the momentum-space T matrix 共see Sec. IV兲 is affected not only by how the S and T matrices are related 共see Sec. III A兲, but also by how we normalize the plan ...
PartDef-ProcMan-VI
... • The most strong rule for multiple-scattering and transportation. • In your physics list, you should always have, for the ordering of the AlongGetPhysicalInteractionLength(…) methods: – Transportation last • For all particles ...
... • The most strong rule for multiple-scattering and transportation. • In your physics list, you should always have, for the ordering of the AlongGetPhysicalInteractionLength(…) methods: – Transportation last • For all particles ...
The Kapitza - Dirac effect.
... the direction of the absorbed photon (figure 3 left). This gives an uncertainty of momentum !k ∆φ. The uncertainty in position where the photon will be absorbed, i.e. somewhere in the laser beam with waist, ∆w, diffraction limits the value of ∆φ. This allows for the conservation of momentum and kine ...
... the direction of the absorbed photon (figure 3 left). This gives an uncertainty of momentum !k ∆φ. The uncertainty in position where the photon will be absorbed, i.e. somewhere in the laser beam with waist, ∆w, diffraction limits the value of ∆φ. This allows for the conservation of momentum and kine ...
Atom-atom interactions in ultracold gases - cours en ligne CEL
... described in terms of collisions. We will focus here on elastic collisions (although inelastic collisions and 3-body collisions are also important because they limit the achievable spatial densities of atoms). Collisions are essential for reaching thermal equilibrium At very low temperatures, mean-f ...
... described in terms of collisions. We will focus here on elastic collisions (although inelastic collisions and 3-body collisions are also important because they limit the achievable spatial densities of atoms). Collisions are essential for reaching thermal equilibrium At very low temperatures, mean-f ...
Wednesday, Aug. 30, 2006
... Makes perfect sense since Coulomb potential is stronger with larger Z. Results in larger deflection. ...
... Makes perfect sense since Coulomb potential is stronger with larger Z. Results in larger deflection. ...
... W (∆z, ρ) is a phase aberration function. It is not easy to accurately use Eq. (1), because it is difficult to estimate W (∆z, ρ). Nonetheless, this integral predicts a finite number of concentric rings. More important, the last ring is the brightest and its size changes monotonically as a function ...
Gradient and Scattering Forces on a Kerr Nanosphere
... force contributes both the gradient and scattering forces. Thus, the mechanism of optical trapping is an interplay between the inhomogeneous field force and some component of the Lorentz force when the trapping particle is within the Rayleigh regime. Calculations have shown that both trapping force ...
... force contributes both the gradient and scattering forces. Thus, the mechanism of optical trapping is an interplay between the inhomogeneous field force and some component of the Lorentz force when the trapping particle is within the Rayleigh regime. Calculations have shown that both trapping force ...
Evidence for wavelength dependence of the scattering phase
... Much of our discussion here rests on the observation that measured values of bb兾b470 tended to be higher than those for bb兾b676 and that their ratio [B in Eq. 4] was usually greater than unity. However, the Hydroscat 676-nm channel covers a relatively broad wave band (20 nm FWHM) that partly overlap ...
... Much of our discussion here rests on the observation that measured values of bb兾b470 tended to be higher than those for bb兾b676 and that their ratio [B in Eq. 4] was usually greater than unity. However, the Hydroscat 676-nm channel covers a relatively broad wave band (20 nm FWHM) that partly overlap ...
Heuristic Green`s function of the time dependent
... heuristic approach based on the extrapolated boundary condition and on an almost exact solution for the infinite medium. Monte Carlo simulations performed both in the simple case of isotropic scattering and of an isotropic point-like source, and in the more realistic case of anisotropic scattering a ...
... heuristic approach based on the extrapolated boundary condition and on an almost exact solution for the infinite medium. Monte Carlo simulations performed both in the simple case of isotropic scattering and of an isotropic point-like source, and in the more realistic case of anisotropic scattering a ...
... 632.8 nm. Never look directly at a laser beam nor permit anyone else to do so! Exposure to the direct or reflected beam for more than a few seconds will cause serious eye damage. Do not pick up the lasers and shine them around the room. If these simple precautions are taken then there will be no ris ...
Effective refractive index for determining ray propagation in an
... is from a particle to air, the effective refractive index associated with the first-order reflection–refraction event was used as an approximation. In this study, we revisit this issue and derive effective refractive indices for higher-order reflection–refraction events. 2. Recurrence formulae for effe ...
... is from a particle to air, the effective refractive index associated with the first-order reflection–refraction event was used as an approximation. In this study, we revisit this issue and derive effective refractive indices for higher-order reflection–refraction events. 2. Recurrence formulae for effe ...
Optical absorption cross section of quantum dots
... where is the photon flux and Ndots is the total number of dots per unit area. A similar cross section determines the maximum optical gain, which can be obtained from a system of dots if the occupation of the states participating in the transition are fully inverted (i.e. all the upper states are f ...
... where is the photon flux and Ndots is the total number of dots per unit area. A similar cross section determines the maximum optical gain, which can be obtained from a system of dots if the occupation of the states participating in the transition are fully inverted (i.e. all the upper states are f ...
Atmospheric Radiation Basics
... radiometer, measures a quantity that is most closely related to monochromatic radiance. ...
... radiometer, measures a quantity that is most closely related to monochromatic radiance. ...
MEASUREMENT OF LIFETIMES OF EXCITED STATES OF THE
... occurs-population of the state j: near the exit slit this results from excitation in collisions of ions and neutral atoms with molecules of the gas flowing through the slit (a very sharp pressure drop is hardly possible); and far from the exit slit, population of state j results from cascade transit ...
... occurs-population of the state j: near the exit slit this results from excitation in collisions of ions and neutral atoms with molecules of the gas flowing through the slit (a very sharp pressure drop is hardly possible); and far from the exit slit, population of state j results from cascade transit ...
A Comparison of Electromagnetic Wave and Radiative Transfer
... situations, and yet we expect Kirchoff's law, when applied to the locally isothermal regions inside the system, still to be valid. That is, we expect dCabJ d V to equal dCemis/ d V , where dCabsand dC~r~s are the respective differential absorption and emission cross sections of an isothermal volume ...
... situations, and yet we expect Kirchoff's law, when applied to the locally isothermal regions inside the system, still to be valid. That is, we expect dCabJ d V to equal dCemis/ d V , where dCabsand dC~r~s are the respective differential absorption and emission cross sections of an isothermal volume ...
The search for oscillations in the near-threshold LETTER TO THE EDITOR
... section of ground-state helium near threshold. The same conclusion can be drawn from the experimental cross section data by Kossmann et al [8] which are also plotted in figure 1. Their absolute cross section was deduced from the measured ratio of He2+ /He+ ions by using an already known total photoa ...
... section of ground-state helium near threshold. The same conclusion can be drawn from the experimental cross section data by Kossmann et al [8] which are also plotted in figure 1. Their absolute cross section was deduced from the measured ratio of He2+ /He+ ions by using an already known total photoa ...
Cross section (physics)
The cross section is an effective area that quantifies the intrinsic likelihood of a scattering event when an incident beam strikes a target object, made of discrete particles. The cross section of a particle is the same as the cross section of a hard object, if the probabilities of hitting them with a ray are the same. It is typically denoted σ and measured in units of area.In scattering experiments, one is often interested in knowing how likely a given event occurs. However, the rate depends strongly on experimental variables such as the density of the target material, the intensity of the beam, or the area of overlap between the beam and the target material. To control for these mundane differences, one can factor out these variables, resulting in an area-like quantity known as the cross section.