Lecture-X
... where there is no force i.e. dU/dx = 0. If this occurs at a minimum of U it is a stable equilibrium whereas if it is at a maximum of U, the equilibrium is unstable. Say, dU/dx = 0 occurs at some point xo. To test for stability we must determine whether U has a minimum or a maximum at xo. One needs t ...
... where there is no force i.e. dU/dx = 0. If this occurs at a minimum of U it is a stable equilibrium whereas if it is at a maximum of U, the equilibrium is unstable. Say, dU/dx = 0 occurs at some point xo. To test for stability we must determine whether U has a minimum or a maximum at xo. One needs t ...
The Law of Cause and Effect
... Physics searched for the cause of that order. Models of matter had to be physical models for interactions in a physical universe. And discoveries in electricity and magnetism by Michael Faraday, 1791-1867, fully incorporated causality and quickly spawned the Industrial Revolution with enormous benef ...
... Physics searched for the cause of that order. Models of matter had to be physical models for interactions in a physical universe. And discoveries in electricity and magnetism by Michael Faraday, 1791-1867, fully incorporated causality and quickly spawned the Industrial Revolution with enormous benef ...
View Commentary - Journal Club for Condensed Matter Physics
... The recent discovery of a particle with the characteristics of the Higgs boson of the Standard Model at the Large Hadron Collider has justifiably generated much excitement among physicists. Coincidentally, this was just preceded by observations of Higgs-like excitations in ‘table-top’ experiments on ...
... The recent discovery of a particle with the characteristics of the Higgs boson of the Standard Model at the Large Hadron Collider has justifiably generated much excitement among physicists. Coincidentally, this was just preceded by observations of Higgs-like excitations in ‘table-top’ experiments on ...
Entropy, free energy and equilibrium
... Matter disperses – gas fills a container, two liquids mix Heat disperses – hot object cools on cold surface Motion disperses – a ball stops bouncing The reverses of these three well known processes never occur spontaneously ...
... Matter disperses – gas fills a container, two liquids mix Heat disperses – hot object cools on cold surface Motion disperses – a ball stops bouncing The reverses of these three well known processes never occur spontaneously ...
Quantum Physics in a Nutshell
... • Planck studied the emission spectrums of incandescent objects in greater detail and made the following conclusions: • The energy of electromagnetic radiation was directly related to frequency. Higher frequency waves have more energy. • Any spectral line (frequency) can vary in intensity (energy). ...
... • Planck studied the emission spectrums of incandescent objects in greater detail and made the following conclusions: • The energy of electromagnetic radiation was directly related to frequency. Higher frequency waves have more energy. • Any spectral line (frequency) can vary in intensity (energy). ...
Black Stars, Not Holes
... is said to be caused by vacuum polarization, by analogy with the effect of an electric charge po larizing a medium [see box on next page]. We have described these features of semiclas sical gravity in terms of mass and energy density, but in general relativity it is not only those quan tities tha ...
... is said to be caused by vacuum polarization, by analogy with the effect of an electric charge po larizing a medium [see box on next page]. We have described these features of semiclas sical gravity in terms of mass and energy density, but in general relativity it is not only those quan tities tha ...
Chapter 7 Quantum Theory of the Atom
... the observation of line spectra of atoms. A continuous spectrum contains all wavelengths of light. A line spectrum shows only certain colors or specific wavelengths of light. When atoms are heated, they emit light. This process produces a line spectrum that is specific to that atom. The emission spe ...
... the observation of line spectra of atoms. A continuous spectrum contains all wavelengths of light. A line spectrum shows only certain colors or specific wavelengths of light. When atoms are heated, they emit light. This process produces a line spectrum that is specific to that atom. The emission spe ...
Quantum Measurement Theory on a Half Line
... To describe the Measuring Process We have to know the follows to describe the measuring process physically. 1. Hamiltonian on the combined system between the measured system and probe system. 2. Evolution operator on the combined system from the Hamiltonian 3. Measuring time of the measuring proc ...
... To describe the Measuring Process We have to know the follows to describe the measuring process physically. 1. Hamiltonian on the combined system between the measured system and probe system. 2. Evolution operator on the combined system from the Hamiltonian 3. Measuring time of the measuring proc ...
Solutions of the Equations of Motion in Classical and Quantum
... This approach to the quantization stresses the role of the operator algebra at a fixed time and it is best suited for the formulation of the quantum theory in the Schrodinger picture. The Heisenberg picture is obtained usually from the Schrodinger picture by applying the time-dependent unitary autom ...
... This approach to the quantization stresses the role of the operator algebra at a fixed time and it is best suited for the formulation of the quantum theory in the Schrodinger picture. The Heisenberg picture is obtained usually from the Schrodinger picture by applying the time-dependent unitary autom ...
