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Elementary Particles in the theory of relativity
Elementary Particles in the theory of relativity

Electromagnetic waves in lattice Boltzmann magnetohydrody
Electromagnetic waves in lattice Boltzmann magnetohydrody

Electromagnetic - Tarleton State University
Electromagnetic - Tarleton State University

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Note 1

Do Maxwell`s equations need revision?
Do Maxwell`s equations need revision?

... convective derivative, which is introduced in the electrodynamics of moving bodies. The new formulation is in complete agreement with the actual set of Maxwell’s equations for bodies at rest, the only novel feature is a new kind of electromotive force. Heinrich Hertz was the first to propose a simil ...
Electromagnetism: The simplest gauge theory.
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Spin Current without Magnetic Material
Spin Current without Magnetic Material

MAXWELL`S EQUATIONS Electromagnetism, as its name implies, is
MAXWELL`S EQUATIONS Electromagnetism, as its name implies, is

... where Σ is a surface bounded by the closed contour ∂Σ. So B is also called magnetic induction. In (10), the orientation of Σ and ∂Σ is chosen according to the right hand rule. When the flux is changing, a voltage is induced in the wire loop in an attempt by the system to ‘fight’ the change. Therefor ...
Classical solutions of open string field theory
Classical solutions of open string field theory

... The star product and operator multiplication are thus isomorphic! ...
to the full version  in PDF
to the full version in PDF

Module 3 - University of Illinois Urbana
Module 3 - University of Illinois Urbana

... 10. Establish the physical realizability of a static electric field by using Maxwell’s curl equation for the static case, and of a magnetic field by using the Maxwell’s divergence equation for the magnetic field ...
Phase-Space Dynamics of Semiclassical Spin
Phase-Space Dynamics of Semiclassical Spin

The macroscopic Maxwell equations
The macroscopic Maxwell equations

... depends on the electric field at all times t’ previous to t (temporal dispersion or causality). Additionally, the displacement at a point r also depends on the values of the electric field at neighboring points r’ (spatial dispersion). A spatially dispersive medium is therefore also called a non-loc ...
The special theory of relativity
The special theory of relativity

... 1901 Kaufmann measured the dependence of the inertial mass (or momentum) of an object on its velocity. Exactly he measured the electron charge to mass ratio for different velocities of the electron. In 1901 he was able to measure a decrease of the charge-to-mass ratio, thus demonstrating that mass o ...
Modification of Coulomb`s law in closed spaces
Modification of Coulomb`s law in closed spaces

The Maxwell Equations, the Lorentz Field and the Electromagnetic
The Maxwell Equations, the Lorentz Field and the Electromagnetic

... assign strange properties to the ether and to replace Galileo’ s transformations with different transformations of space-time and later Einstein to prove and to accept the same Lorentz transformations even though he claimed the concept of ether wasn‘ t necessary. In Special Relativity Einstein then ...
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Classical Models of Subatomic Particles

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... It is well known fact that the theory of radiation reaction in electrodynamics as worked out by Lorentz [1] (actually by Lorentz, Abraham and Dirac) has solutions, which exhibits a runaway nature and/or non-causal preacceleration. In fact the non-causal pre-acceleration without runaway makes more se ...
L`ACADEMIE POLONAISE DES SCIENCES
L`ACADEMIE POLONAISE DES SCIENCES

Newton`s Laws Worksheet
Newton`s Laws Worksheet

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1. Consider n identical point masses on a straight line connected by

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Physical Laws of Nature vs Fundamental First Principles

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Field Solvers

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Obtaining Maxwell`s equations heuristically
Obtaining Maxwell`s equations heuristically

Review of Hyperspace by Michio Kaku 359p (1994)
Review of Hyperspace by Michio Kaku 359p (1994)

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Kaluza–Klein theory

In physics, Kaluza–Klein theory (KK theory) is a unified field theory of gravitation and electromagnetism built around the idea of a fifth dimension beyond the usual four of space and time. It is considered to be an important precursor to string theory.The five-dimensional theory was developed in three steps. The original hypothesis came from Theodor Kaluza, who sent his results to Einstein in 1919, and published them in 1921. Kaluza's theory was a purely classical extension of general relativity to five dimensions. The 5-dimensional metric has 15 components. Ten components are identified with the 4-dimensional spacetime metric, 4 components with the electromagnetic vector potential, and one component with an unidentified scalar field sometimes called the ""radion"" or the ""dilaton"". Correspondingly, the 5-dimensional Einstein equations yield the 4-dimensional Einstein field equations, the Maxwell equations for the electromagnetic field, and an equation for the scalar field. Kaluza also introduced the hypothesis known as the ""cylinder condition"", that no component of the 5-dimensional metric depends on the fifth dimension. Without this assumption, the field equations of 5-dimensional relativity are enormously more complex. Standard 4-dimensional physics seems to manifest the cylinder condition. Kaluza also set the scalar field equal to a constant, in which case standard general relativity and electrodynamics are recovered identically.In 1926, Oskar Klein gave Kaluza's classical 5-dimensional theory a quantum interpretation, to accord with the then-recent discoveries of Heisenberg and Schrödinger. Klein introduced the hypothesis that the fifth dimension was curled up and microscopic, to explain the cylinder condition. Klein also calculated a scale for the fifth dimension based on the quantum of charge.It wasn't until the 1940s that the classical theory was completed, and the full field equations including the scalar field were obtained by three independent research groups:Thiry, working in France on his dissertation under Lichnerowicz; Jordan, Ludwig, and Müller in Germany, with critical input from Pauli and Fierz; and Scherrer working alone in Switzerland. Jordan's work led to the scalar-tensor theory of Brans & Dicke; Brans and Dicke were apparently unaware of Thiry or Scherrer. The full Kaluza equations under the cylinder condition are quite complex, and most English-language reviews as well as the English translations of Thiry contain some errors. The complete Kaluza equations were recently evaluated using tensor algebra software.
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