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Querying Large Collections of Semistructured Data
Querying Large Collections of Semistructured Data

... presentational markup. Examples include data objects such as mathematical expressions encoded with MathML or web pages encoded with XHTML. Our intention is to improve the state of the art in retrieving, manipulating, or mining such data. We focus first on mathematics retrieval, which is appealing in ...
Improbable Creativity
Improbable Creativity

... spaces. For complex problems, search spaces tend to be exponentially large and more creative approaches will be needed, and especially stochastic searches apply various heuristics for focusing the search in more productive regions. The most important point is to note that on our account creativity i ...
Updating Empiricist Mentalist Semantics
Updating Empiricist Mentalist Semantics

... mental is a tabula rasa, which means that all new knowledge must come from outside via experience. Locke’s semantic theory is an empiricist one. It was introduced in the third book of An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, which was originally published in 1690. Whether Locke intended to give a se ...
Functional Programming, Object-Oriented Programming and
Functional Programming, Object-Oriented Programming and

... but there is not The two systems related and share a lot of code, but In there is not any reuse of code are (in clearly a software engineering sense) between them. current ...
HAPLO-ASP: Haplotype Inference Using Answer Set Programming
HAPLO-ASP: Haplotype Inference Using Answer Set Programming

... HIPAG, the genes are biallelic). However, there are many species, like some varieties of the potato (e.g., Solanum tuberosum), with polyploid and polyallelic genes in nature, where every genotype is explained by more than two haplotypes, and each genotype consists of more than two kinds of alleles. ...
Maths Kit
Maths Kit

... Background The number of ways to arrange the paving slabs follow the Fibonacci sequence, i.e., one slab, one arrangement; two slabs, two arrangements; three slabs, three arrangements; four slabs, five arrangements, as shown. The next number in the sequence is calculating by adding the previous two a ...
1. Infinite, continuous spectrum (line)
1. Infinite, continuous spectrum (line)

... MUSIC 101: Basics of Meter Welcome  to  your  ,irst-­‐semester  of  music  theory  study!   Week  1.  Entrainment  and  Projection Week  2.  Pulse  and  Tactus Week  3.  Minimal  meters:  Duple  and  Triple  Meter Week  4.  The  Metric  Hierarch ...
Amoeba-Based Emergent Computing: Combinatorial Optimization
Amoeba-Based Emergent Computing: Combinatorial Optimization

... We construct a computing system in which its state is represented by a shape of the amoeba in the stellate container structure. The amoeba’s shape changing – expansion or shrinkage of multiple branches – corresponds to a transition between states. Because the amoeba’s branch exhibits a photoavoidanc ...
Music Classification Using Significant Repeating Patterns
Music Classification Using Significant Repeating Patterns

... linear, and neural network are employed to build classifiers for music styles. As a result, they identify emotional classes of music styles such as lyrical and frantic. Chai and Vercoe [4] classify folk music into groups based on melody, where each group corresponds to the music of a particular coun ...
Music Classification Using Significant Repeating Patterns
Music Classification Using Significant Repeating Patterns

... linear, and neural network are employed to build classifiers for music styles. As a result, they identify emotional classes of music styles such as lyrical and frantic. Chai and Vercoe [4] classify folk music into groups based on melody, where each group corresponds to the music of a particular coun ...
SymPA: Symbolic Perimeter Abstractions for Proving Unsolvability
SymPA: Symbolic Perimeter Abstractions for Proving Unsolvability

... iteration, the algorithm performs a step in a selected direction, i.e. expands the set of states with minimum f -value in the frontier. Since no abstraction heuristic has been derived yet, it behaves like symbolic bidirectional uniform-cost search. This search continues until the next layer in both ...
NWERC 2015 Presentation of solutions
NWERC 2015 Presentation of solutions

... NWERC 2015 Jury Per Austrin (KTH Royal Institute of Technology) ...
PDF - Programming Systems Lab
PDF - Programming Systems Lab

... This works well for highly regular tournaments. However, in the presence of irregular constraints which occur in tournament planning practice and which are difficult to capture as properties of graphs, constructive methods fail and the problem degenerates to a combinatorial search problem. Techniqu ...
Recursion (Ch. 10)
Recursion (Ch. 10)

... • In general, the running time of sequential search is a linear function of the list size • If the list is huge, the running time of sequential search may take time; there are faster algorithms if the list is sorted ...
The Hidden Pattern
The Hidden Pattern

... philosophy-of-mind, yet haunted consistently throughout by the spectre of AI. Much of what’s interesting in these pages probably results from the crosspollination between these two aspects, as well as from the crosspollination between two different approaches to understanding: the informal and intro ...
Introducing Numicon into Year 2
Introducing Numicon into Year 2

... into Year 2 Before using Numicon Shapes in your teaching, give children time to explore Numicon Shapes for themselves. To help you get started we have suggested a sequence of activities for all children. These activities refer to the teaching materials in our three core kits: Firm Foundations, Kit 1 ...
Recursion (Ch. 10)
Recursion (Ch. 10)

... • In general, the running time of sequential search is a linear function of the list size • If the list is huge, the running time of sequential search may take time; there are faster algorithms if the list is sorted ...
Combining Classifiers: from the creation of ensembles - ICMC
Combining Classifiers: from the creation of ensembles - ICMC

... decisions are combined to improve performance of the pattern recognition system. Much of the efforts in classifier combination research focus on improving the accuracy of difficult problems, managing weaknesses and strenghts of each model in order to give the best possible decision taking into accou ...
PDF (Recognizing and Discovering Activities of Daily Living in Smart
PDF (Recognizing and Discovering Activities of Daily Living in Smart

... recognition performance based on sequential pattern mining. The method searches for patterns characterizing time segments during which the same activity is performed. A probabilistic model is learned to represent the distribution of pattern matches along sequences, trying to maximize the coverage of ...
Generalised Integer Programming Based on Logically Defined
Generalised Integer Programming Based on Logically Defined

... where the variable domains are finite (but not restricted to be 2-valued); and the constraints are allowed to be taken from a set of logically defined relations. The set of relations that we consider is based on regular signed logic [6], where the underlying finite domain is a totally-ordered set of ...
Measuring the degree of Synonymy between Words using
Measuring the degree of Synonymy between Words using

... Here, T is a set of synonymous word pairs selected from the WordNet as described in the next paragraph, and |T | denotes the number of word pairs in T . Intuitively, Equation 3 compares the semantic relations that exist between A and B (expressed using lexical patterns), against the semantic relatio ...
THERE ARE, in my view, two factors that, above all others, have
THERE ARE, in my view, two factors that, above all others, have

... notion that in actual existence everything is completely determinate has been rendered questionable by the progress of physical science itself. Even if it had not been, complete determination would not hold of existences as an environment. For Nature is an environment only as it is involved in inter ...
Reasoning in Architecture
Reasoning in Architecture

... specify tasks, design phases or step from beginning to end. Schön theory is presented in his book The Reflective Practitioner (1983) 2. Jeff Hawkins (1957) is a computer architect turned neurologist. He is interested in making truly intelligent machines, but believes one can only do so when we und ...
Multiple Perspectives on the Important Concepts for Understanding
Multiple Perspectives on the Important Concepts for Understanding

... From the perspective of transition through stage Sn, inductive and recursive processes can be perceived as two sides of the same coin. Looking back at how we got from Sn-1 to Sn, we realize that this involved moving forward from Sn-1 to Sn. Sn-1 ↔ Sn However, even though inductive and recursive proc ...
Perception Processing for General Intelligence
Perception Processing for General Intelligence

... (a) have a significant degree of independent operation, but also need to coordinate closely together; or, (b) operate largely separately and can be mostly considered as discrete modules In evolutionary terms, it is clear that subsymbolic intelligence came first, and that most of the human brain is c ...
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Pattern language

A pattern language is a method of describing good design practices within a field of expertise. The term was coined by architect Christopher Alexander and popularized by his book A Pattern Language. A pattern language is an attempt to express the deeper wisdom of what brings aliveness within a particular field of human endeavor, through a set of interconnected expressions arising from that wisdom. Aliveness is one placeholder term for ""the quality that has no name"": a sense of wholeness, spirit, or grace, that while of varying form, is precise and empirically verifiable. Some advocates of this design approach claim that ordinary people can use it to successfully solve very large, complex design problems.Like all languages, a pattern language has vocabulary, syntax, and grammar—but a pattern language applies to some complex activity other than communication. In pattern languages for design, the parts break down in this way: The language description—the ""vocabulary""—is a collection of named, described solutions to problems in a field of interest. These are called ""design patterns."" So, for example, the language for architecture describes items like: settlements, buildings, rooms, windows, latches, etc. Each solution includes ""syntax,"" a description that shows where the solution fits in a larger, more comprehensive or more abstract design. This automatically links the solution into a web of other needed solutions. For example, rooms have ways to get light, and ways to get people in and out. The solution includes ""grammar"" that describes how the solution solves a problem or produces a benefit. So, if the benefit is unneeded, the solution is not used. Perhaps that part of the design can be left empty to save money or other resources; if people do not need to wait to enter a room, a simple doorway can replace a waiting room. In the language description, grammar and syntax cross index (often with a literal alphabetic index of pattern names) to other named solutions, so the designer can quickly think from one solution to related, needed solutions, and document them in a logical way. In Alexander's book, the patterns are in decreasing order by size, with a separate alphabetic index. The web of relationships in the index of the language provides many paths through the design process.This simplifies the design work because designers can start the process from any part of the problem they understand and work toward the unknown parts. At the same time, if the pattern language has worked well for many projects, there is reason to believe that even a designer who does not completely understand the design problem at first will complete the design process, and the result will be usable. For example, skiers coming inside must shed snow and store equipment. The messy snow and boot cleaners should stay outside. The equipment needs care, so the racks should be inside. It really is a language: There is even an analogy to spelling or phonology, in the documentation standards for the designs and patterns. Without these, the people building the design won't be able to read the design.
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