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Dyadic military conflict, security alliances, and bilateral
Dyadic military conflict, security alliances, and bilateral

... An unanticipated war often serves to reveal valuable information about the true quality of interstate relations (Li, 2006). In light of such new information after a war, states will adjust their regulatory policies for national security reasons. Therefore interstate military conflict may lead to pol ...
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Measuring Capital and Technology: An Expanded Framework

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Confronting the critics
Confronting the critics

... companies are negotiating performance standards with NGOs and providing for NGO, or independent third party oversight. Companies and business representative bodies are also cooperating with a variety of groups such as NGOs, trade unions, and United Nations agencies in developing industry schemes and ...
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Joint venture

A joint venture (JV) is a business agreement in which the parties agree to develop, for a finite time, a new entity and new assets by contributing equity. They exercise control over the enterprise and consequently share revenues, expenses and assets. There are other types of companies such as JV limited by guarantee, joint ventures limited by guarantee with partners holding shares.In European law, the term 'joint venture' (or joint undertaking) is an elusive legal concept, better defined under the rules of company law. In France, the term 'joint venture' is variously translated 'association d'entreprises', 'entreprise conjointe', 'coentreprise' or 'entreprise commune'. In Germany, 'joint venture' is better represented as a 'combination of companies' (Konzern).With individuals, when two or more persons come together to form a temporary partnership for the purpose of carrying out a particular project, such partnership can also be called a joint venture where the parties are ""co-venturers"".The venture can be for one specific project only - when the JV is referred to more correctly as a consortium (as the building of the Channel Tunnel) - or a continuing business relationship. The consortium JV (also known as a cooperative agreement) is formed where one party seeks technological expertise or technical service arrangements, franchise and brand use agreements, management contracts, rental agreements, for one-time contracts. The JV is dissolved when that goal is reached.Some major joint ventures include Dow Corning, MillerCoors, Sony Ericsson, Penske Truck Leasing, and Owens-Corning.A joint venture takes place when two parties come together to take on one project. In a joint venture, both parties are equally invested in the project in terms of money, time, and effort to build on the original concept. While joint ventures are generally small projects, major corporations also use this method in order to diversify. A joint venture can ensure the success of smaller projects for those that are just starting in the business world or for established corporations. Since the cost of starting new projects is generally high, a joint venture allows both parties to share the burden of the project, as well as the resulting profits.Since money is involved in a joint venture, it is necessary to have a strategic plan in place. In short, both parties must be committed to focusing on the future of the partnership, rather than just the immediate returns. Ultimately, short term and long term successes are both important. In order to achieve this success, honesty, integrity, and communication within the joint venture are necessary.
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