A novel live cell assay to measure diacylglycerol lipase α activity
... Diacylglycerol lipase α (DAGLα) hydrolyses DAG to generate the principal endocannabinoid (eCB) 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in the central nervous system. DAGLα dependent cannabinoid (CB) signalling has been implicated in numerous processes including axonal growth and guidance, adult neurogenesis a ...
... Diacylglycerol lipase α (DAGLα) hydrolyses DAG to generate the principal endocannabinoid (eCB) 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in the central nervous system. DAGLα dependent cannabinoid (CB) signalling has been implicated in numerous processes including axonal growth and guidance, adult neurogenesis a ...
Neutrophil Chemotaxis In Vitro and In Vivo Glycoprotein G (gG
... and CNS. In these organ systems, viral replication can result in vasculitis and perivasculitis ultimately resulting in abortion and reactive myeloencephalopathy, a highly lethal condition of enormous animal welfare and economic importance (7). A related alphaherpesvirus in horses, EHV-4, is predomin ...
... and CNS. In these organ systems, viral replication can result in vasculitis and perivasculitis ultimately resulting in abortion and reactive myeloencephalopathy, a highly lethal condition of enormous animal welfare and economic importance (7). A related alphaherpesvirus in horses, EHV-4, is predomin ...
MORPHOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS
... • Cell death as the result of injury, disease, or pathological state • Usually involves large numbers of cells. • Necrotic cells may spill their contents, causing inflammation and injury to neighboring cells. Many types; • Coagulative necrosis, • Caseous necrosis • Liquefactive necrosis • Fat necros ...
... • Cell death as the result of injury, disease, or pathological state • Usually involves large numbers of cells. • Necrotic cells may spill their contents, causing inflammation and injury to neighboring cells. Many types; • Coagulative necrosis, • Caseous necrosis • Liquefactive necrosis • Fat necros ...
Cytochrome c Is Released in a Reactive Oxygen
... in these conditions will be referred to as HS cells), were examined. Typical immunoblots are shown in Figure 1A. Two hours after HS (2-h HS cells), when, due to technical reasons (see ‘‘Materials and Methods’’), the first analysis could be carried out, an increase of cyt c over control cells was det ...
... in these conditions will be referred to as HS cells), were examined. Typical immunoblots are shown in Figure 1A. Two hours after HS (2-h HS cells), when, due to technical reasons (see ‘‘Materials and Methods’’), the first analysis could be carried out, an increase of cyt c over control cells was det ...
Scrape Procedure
... and Muller 1999). There remains a possibility that more species are yet to be identified if detailed studies using electron microscopy coupled with molecular characterization are employed. In some circumstances, inadequate information obtained from limited material may be delineated by in vitro cult ...
... and Muller 1999). There remains a possibility that more species are yet to be identified if detailed studies using electron microscopy coupled with molecular characterization are employed. In some circumstances, inadequate information obtained from limited material may be delineated by in vitro cult ...
Chapter 1: The Microbial World and You
... 4. Counterstain: Alcohol is rinsed off. Safranin is applied, which will stain cells that were decolorized. Gram-negative cells are stained pink. Gram-positive cells remain purple. ...
... 4. Counterstain: Alcohol is rinsed off. Safranin is applied, which will stain cells that were decolorized. Gram-negative cells are stained pink. Gram-positive cells remain purple. ...
complete distribution patterns of neurons with characteristic antigens
... 6F ). In addition to these various kinds of special neurons, the Lan3-1 staining pattern also contains a cell type that we usually associate with the leech central nervous system. It is a small, 20-pm cell body that repeats in 22 ganglia, from head subganglion 1 all along the segmental nerve cord do ...
... 6F ). In addition to these various kinds of special neurons, the Lan3-1 staining pattern also contains a cell type that we usually associate with the leech central nervous system. It is a small, 20-pm cell body that repeats in 22 ganglia, from head subganglion 1 all along the segmental nerve cord do ...
Different involvement of the mitochondrial, plastidial and
... conditions and in the microbodies, in particular during photorespiration or germination of oil seeds. Among the different ROS produced within cells, H2O2 is the most stable form (half-life of 1 ms). Several reports suggest that H2O2 can react with other molecules far from the production sites becaus ...
... conditions and in the microbodies, in particular during photorespiration or germination of oil seeds. Among the different ROS produced within cells, H2O2 is the most stable form (half-life of 1 ms). Several reports suggest that H2O2 can react with other molecules far from the production sites becaus ...
An immunologist`s perspective on nutrition, immunity, and infectious
... The immune system is a multifaceted arrangement of membranes (skin, epithelial, and mucus), cells, and molecules whose function is to eradicate invading pathogens or cancer cells from a host. Working together, the various components of the immune system perform a balancing act of being lethal enough ...
... The immune system is a multifaceted arrangement of membranes (skin, epithelial, and mucus), cells, and molecules whose function is to eradicate invading pathogens or cancer cells from a host. Working together, the various components of the immune system perform a balancing act of being lethal enough ...
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... cell fate decisions and patterning steps that occur during this time are reiterated during development to build the post-embryonic architecture. In Arabidopsis, embryogenesis follows a simple and predictable pattern, making it an ideal model with which to understand how cellular and tissue developme ...
... cell fate decisions and patterning steps that occur during this time are reiterated during development to build the post-embryonic architecture. In Arabidopsis, embryogenesis follows a simple and predictable pattern, making it an ideal model with which to understand how cellular and tissue developme ...
A Model-Based Approach for Automated In Vitro Cell - LISA
... (labeled Si in Fig. 2C). The heights of these Aext and Aint triangles are determined by radii rext and rint, respectively, where rint ⬍ rext (e.g., our experiments were performed with rint ⫽ 0.5rext, with rext ⫽ 30 pixels as initial value, i.e., a value a little higher than the average size of the c ...
... (labeled Si in Fig. 2C). The heights of these Aext and Aint triangles are determined by radii rext and rint, respectively, where rint ⬍ rext (e.g., our experiments were performed with rint ⫽ 0.5rext, with rext ⫽ 30 pixels as initial value, i.e., a value a little higher than the average size of the c ...
Gene nuc2 - The Journal of Cell Biology
... anaphase spindle movements was based on the phenotype of cold-sensitive (cs) mutants in cd- (nda2) and 13- tubulin (nda3) genes that are defective in spindle formation (Toda et al., 1984; Hiraoka et al., 1984; Yanagida et al., 1986). In these tubulin mutants, chromosomes remain condensed without sep ...
... anaphase spindle movements was based on the phenotype of cold-sensitive (cs) mutants in cd- (nda2) and 13- tubulin (nda3) genes that are defective in spindle formation (Toda et al., 1984; Hiraoka et al., 1984; Yanagida et al., 1986). In these tubulin mutants, chromosomes remain condensed without sep ...
Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP
... conserved and ubiquitously expressed among eukaryotic cells and tissues. TCTP has been implicated in important cellular processes, such as cell proliferation and differentiation, cell cycle progression and apoptosis (6, 7). In addition, the TCTP gene contains two important motifs including the TCTP1 ...
... conserved and ubiquitously expressed among eukaryotic cells and tissues. TCTP has been implicated in important cellular processes, such as cell proliferation and differentiation, cell cycle progression and apoptosis (6, 7). In addition, the TCTP gene contains two important motifs including the TCTP1 ...
Genome-Wide Identification of Target Genes for the Key B
... development of B cell progenitors in the bone marrow and in mature and peripheral B cells (1–7). A different set of transcription factors including Blimp1 (Prdm1), Xbp1, and Irf4 are required for B cells to undergo ASC differentiation. Blimp1 stimulates immunoglobulin secretion and suppresses matu ...
... development of B cell progenitors in the bone marrow and in mature and peripheral B cells (1–7). A different set of transcription factors including Blimp1 (Prdm1), Xbp1, and Irf4 are required for B cells to undergo ASC differentiation. Blimp1 stimulates immunoglobulin secretion and suppresses matu ...
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... is at left. Right M teloblast lies beneath the left and right NOPQ cells, toward the bottom. Stage 6a; left and right OPQ cells are toward the bottom, left and right N teloblasts are just above them on either side of the micromere cap. (Bottom row, left to right) Early stage 7 embryo: all teloblasts ...
... is at left. Right M teloblast lies beneath the left and right NOPQ cells, toward the bottom. Stage 6a; left and right OPQ cells are toward the bottom, left and right N teloblasts are just above them on either side of the micromere cap. (Bottom row, left to right) Early stage 7 embryo: all teloblasts ...
Cell Structures and Functions
... students that they will be looking at various parts of the cell on the computer, which will be their vocabulary words. On the worksheet the students will define, state an interesting fact and draw a picture of the cell part. The students will not be expected to draw pictures of the following vocabul ...
... students that they will be looking at various parts of the cell on the computer, which will be their vocabulary words. On the worksheet the students will define, state an interesting fact and draw a picture of the cell part. The students will not be expected to draw pictures of the following vocabul ...
Development of Conjunctival Goblet Cells and Their
... PURPOSE. To investigate expression of muscarinic, cholinergic, and adrenergic receptors on developing conjunctival goblet cells. METHODS. Eyes were removed from rats 9 to 60 days old, fixed, and used for microscopy. For glycoconjugate expression, sections were stained with Alcian blue/periodic acid- ...
... PURPOSE. To investigate expression of muscarinic, cholinergic, and adrenergic receptors on developing conjunctival goblet cells. METHODS. Eyes were removed from rats 9 to 60 days old, fixed, and used for microscopy. For glycoconjugate expression, sections were stained with Alcian blue/periodic acid- ...
Influence of Antibiotic and E5 Monoclonal Immunoglobulin
... both suspensions in the presence of 5 µM DODAB. For the former, a viability of 0% (17) contrasts with 100% of viability obtained for the latter suspension (Figure 1). The effect of time on cell viability was obtained at a fixed DODAB (5 µM) and bacteria concentration ( Figure 2). One should notice ...
... both suspensions in the presence of 5 µM DODAB. For the former, a viability of 0% (17) contrasts with 100% of viability obtained for the latter suspension (Figure 1). The effect of time on cell viability was obtained at a fixed DODAB (5 µM) and bacteria concentration ( Figure 2). One should notice ...
Activation of β-Catenin in Dendritic Cells Regulates
... Whether β-catenin signaling in DCs is critical for intestinal homeostasis. We compared the frequencies of Treg cells and TH17/TH1 cells in the intestine of β-catDC−/− and β-catfl/fl mice because intestinal DCs and macrophages play an important role in the induction of these subsets. β-catDC−/− mice ...
... Whether β-catenin signaling in DCs is critical for intestinal homeostasis. We compared the frequencies of Treg cells and TH17/TH1 cells in the intestine of β-catDC−/− and β-catfl/fl mice because intestinal DCs and macrophages play an important role in the induction of these subsets. β-catDC−/− mice ...
Ciprofloxacin sensitizes hormone-refractory prostate cancer cell
... within the 100-lM range (Tables 1 and 2). Growth inhibition between 0 and almost 100%, relatively to untreated control cells, were easily achieved with the selected concentration range tested (Fig. 1). The most significant differences in drug IC50 values between the two cell lines were verified for ...
... within the 100-lM range (Tables 1 and 2). Growth inhibition between 0 and almost 100%, relatively to untreated control cells, were easily achieved with the selected concentration range tested (Fig. 1). The most significant differences in drug IC50 values between the two cell lines were verified for ...
Diffusion Modeling of snRNP Dynamics
... for each measurement. We have found that all 97 curves can be satisfactorily fitted in this case. Improvement of the fit quality is demonstrated in Fig. 3B where independently of the measurement location, the fit residuals are randomly distributed along the timeline and the χ2 decreased by factor 2. ...
... for each measurement. We have found that all 97 curves can be satisfactorily fitted in this case. Improvement of the fit quality is demonstrated in Fig. 3B where independently of the measurement location, the fit residuals are randomly distributed along the timeline and the χ2 decreased by factor 2. ...
Glypican-1 Is a Vehicle for Polyamine Uptake in Mammalian Cells
... the glypican-1 (Gpc-1) core protein can accumulate NO as nitrosothiols in a reaction that is dependent on reduction of Cu2⫹ to Cu⫹ (17). Moreover, the HS chains of Gpc-1 contain a small amount of glucosamine units with an unsubstituted amino group (GlcNH3⫹), the number of which increases markedly up ...
... the glypican-1 (Gpc-1) core protein can accumulate NO as nitrosothiols in a reaction that is dependent on reduction of Cu2⫹ to Cu⫹ (17). Moreover, the HS chains of Gpc-1 contain a small amount of glucosamine units with an unsubstituted amino group (GlcNH3⫹), the number of which increases markedly up ...
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... shape during which time the luminal surface of the neuroepithelial sheet is curved in the opposite direction from its eventual definitive form. From this point until approximately the 5-somite stage, the folds continue to elevate and gradually lose their convexity. Then, at the 5-somite stage, they ...
... shape during which time the luminal surface of the neuroepithelial sheet is curved in the opposite direction from its eventual definitive form. From this point until approximately the 5-somite stage, the folds continue to elevate and gradually lose their convexity. Then, at the 5-somite stage, they ...
Supplementary Figures 1–2 and Table (ppt 202K)
... We addressed how the drugs we used to block steps within the calcium flux machinery and which in turn inhibited engulfment correlated with calcium flux during engulfment. As above, we measured cellar calcium levels using the fluorimetry based assay that assesses flux in a whole population of cells i ...
... We addressed how the drugs we used to block steps within the calcium flux machinery and which in turn inhibited engulfment correlated with calcium flux during engulfment. As above, we measured cellar calcium levels using the fluorimetry based assay that assesses flux in a whole population of cells i ...
Cell encapsulation
Cell microencapsulation technology involves immobilization of the cells within a polymeric semi-permeable membrane that permits the bidirectional diffusion of molecules such as the influx of oxygen, nutrients, growth factors etc. essential for cell metabolism and the outward diffusion of waste products and therapeutic proteins. At the same time, the semi-permeable nature of the membrane prevents immune cells and antibodies from destroying the encapsulated cells regarding them as foreign invaders.The main motive of cell encapsulation technology is to overcome the existing problem of graft rejection in tissue engineering applications and thus reduce the need for long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs after an organ transplant to control side effects.