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Nobel Lecture - APS Link Manager
... 1957 共Bardeen et al., 1957兲, it became clear that in superconductors there occurs a pairing of electrons with opposite momenta and spins 共I imply the simplest case兲. The resultant pairs, which are sometimes referred to as Cooper pairs, possess zero spin and are Bose particles or, to be more precise, ...
... 1957 共Bardeen et al., 1957兲, it became clear that in superconductors there occurs a pairing of electrons with opposite momenta and spins 共I imply the simplest case兲. The resultant pairs, which are sometimes referred to as Cooper pairs, possess zero spin and are Bose particles or, to be more precise, ...
Haag`s Theorem in Renormalisable Quantum Field Theories
... Yet it was decided that it is an apt title, if one lets ’Haag’s theorem’ stand for the triviality results that preclude a mathematically rigorous nonperturbative definition of interacting quantum field theories. There are a vast number of more or less viable attempts to give QFT a sound mathematical ...
... Yet it was decided that it is an apt title, if one lets ’Haag’s theorem’ stand for the triviality results that preclude a mathematically rigorous nonperturbative definition of interacting quantum field theories. There are a vast number of more or less viable attempts to give QFT a sound mathematical ...
Derivation of the Maxwell`s Equations Based on a Continuum
... Secondly, there exists some inconsistencies and inner difficulties in the classical electrodynamics, e.g., the inadequacy of Liéenard-Wiechert potentials [5, 6, 7]. New theories of electromagnetic phenomena may overcome such difficulties. Thirdly, there exists some divergence problems in quantum el ...
... Secondly, there exists some inconsistencies and inner difficulties in the classical electrodynamics, e.g., the inadequacy of Liéenard-Wiechert potentials [5, 6, 7]. New theories of electromagnetic phenomena may overcome such difficulties. Thirdly, there exists some divergence problems in quantum el ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... evolution throughout all of time and containing somehow all possible worlds.But the usual interpretive axioms of quantum mechanics come into play only when the system interacts with something else, is ‘observed’. For the universe there is nothing else, and quantum mechanics in its traditional form h ...
... evolution throughout all of time and containing somehow all possible worlds.But the usual interpretive axioms of quantum mechanics come into play only when the system interacts with something else, is ‘observed’. For the universe there is nothing else, and quantum mechanics in its traditional form h ...
Section D: - Curved Force Line Elements Theory
... differently. Before 1960, knowledge of weak forces had already progressed through the study of β-decay interaction. Pioneering work had begun with Yang and Mills in 1954, who introduced the equivalent of an isospin for P and N. They defined a weak isospin Tw for a lepton, with ν having a Twz = + and ...
... differently. Before 1960, knowledge of weak forces had already progressed through the study of β-decay interaction. Pioneering work had begun with Yang and Mills in 1954, who introduced the equivalent of an isospin for P and N. They defined a weak isospin Tw for a lepton, with ν having a Twz = + and ...
Theory of electronic states and transport in carbon nanotubes
... band (n = 1) than those with n = 0. This arises because the effective mass along the axis direction for the conduction and valence bands with n = 1 is twice as large as that of the lowest conduction band and the highest valence band with n = 0. It turned out that interaction effects on the band gap ...
... band (n = 1) than those with n = 0. This arises because the effective mass along the axis direction for the conduction and valence bands with n = 1 is twice as large as that of the lowest conduction band and the highest valence band with n = 0. It turned out that interaction effects on the band gap ...
Linear optical properties in the projector-augmented wave
... The final charge density Bn⬘k+q,nk共r兲 is fast Fourier transformed to reciprocal space and then added to the polarizability matrix 关 Eqs. 共9兲 and 共10兲兴. After the Fourier transformation, additionally, the same cutoff is imposed on the resultant charge density as on the wave functions. The size of the ...
... The final charge density Bn⬘k+q,nk共r兲 is fast Fourier transformed to reciprocal space and then added to the polarizability matrix 关 Eqs. 共9兲 and 共10兲兴. After the Fourier transformation, additionally, the same cutoff is imposed on the resultant charge density as on the wave functions. The size of the ...
Reconstruction of Mature Theory Change: A Theory
... content of a scientific research programme (including its “hard core” as well as its positive and negative heuristics) is the result of rational reconstruction, although by no means a fact of real history of science. Using the ambiguous aspects of Lakatosian methodology, a philosopher of science can ...
... content of a scientific research programme (including its “hard core” as well as its positive and negative heuristics) is the result of rational reconstruction, although by no means a fact of real history of science. Using the ambiguous aspects of Lakatosian methodology, a philosopher of science can ...
Photon and Graviton Mass Limits
... in terms of a finite rest mass of the photon, thus introducing a length scale. Today one can consider a more sophisticated approach explicitly incorporating gauge invariance, even when describing nonzero photon mass, by including more couplings. We shall not reprise in detail the theoretical paradig ...
... in terms of a finite rest mass of the photon, thus introducing a length scale. Today one can consider a more sophisticated approach explicitly incorporating gauge invariance, even when describing nonzero photon mass, by including more couplings. We shall not reprise in detail the theoretical paradig ...
Black Holes in String Theory
... where Fμν is the electromagnetic field strength Fμν = ∂μ Aν − ∂ν Aμ ≡ 2∂[μ Aν] . What are the fundamental objects in this theory? • Electrons. An electrically charged particle with electric charge e couples to the electric field as ...
... where Fμν is the electromagnetic field strength Fμν = ∂μ Aν − ∂ν Aμ ≡ 2∂[μ Aν] . What are the fundamental objects in this theory? • Electrons. An electrically charged particle with electric charge e couples to the electric field as ...
Untitled
... ways to suit different needs. In Part I, for example, the heart of the canonical quantization method is presented in Chapters 3-6. These chapters are essential for building a strong foundation to quantum field theory and Feynman diagrams. Although path integral methods today have proven more flexibl ...
... ways to suit different needs. In Part I, for example, the heart of the canonical quantization method is presented in Chapters 3-6. These chapters are essential for building a strong foundation to quantum field theory and Feynman diagrams. Although path integral methods today have proven more flexibl ...
Algebraic Quantum Field Theory on Curved Spacetimes
... scalar R where the dimensionless constant ξ parametrises the strength of the coupling of φ to R. In principle one could consider more non-trivial coupling terms with the correct mass dimension such as f = (R αβ Rαβ )2 /(m 4 R), however these may be ruled out by either invoking Occam’s razor or by de ...
... scalar R where the dimensionless constant ξ parametrises the strength of the coupling of φ to R. In principle one could consider more non-trivial coupling terms with the correct mass dimension such as f = (R αβ Rαβ )2 /(m 4 R), however these may be ruled out by either invoking Occam’s razor or by de ...
Roton Fermi liquid: A metallic phase of two
... and the spinons have a long-ranged statistical interaction mediated by two Z2 gauge fields. Rather than gapping out single vortices while condensing pairs 共which leads to a spin-charge separated insulator兲,5 we would like to find a quantum phase in which the vortices are gapless but nevertheless imm ...
... and the spinons have a long-ranged statistical interaction mediated by two Z2 gauge fields. Rather than gapping out single vortices while condensing pairs 共which leads to a spin-charge separated insulator兲,5 we would like to find a quantum phase in which the vortices are gapless but nevertheless imm ...
Relativity and Gravitation
... field to that of the monopole is mainly a slow rotation of these planes around the axis of symmetry of the quadrupole. The calculations are quite involved, and not suitable for studying the effect of a large quadrupole moment. It seems to have been completely overlooked that in the case of a prolate ...
... field to that of the monopole is mainly a slow rotation of these planes around the axis of symmetry of the quadrupole. The calculations are quite involved, and not suitable for studying the effect of a large quadrupole moment. It seems to have been completely overlooked that in the case of a prolate ...
Nonradiative electron and energy transfer. Explicit
... manifolds only a few vibrational modes can retain their coherent character for a longer time, even in the donor-acceptor complexes [5] containing a relatively large number of vibrational modes. Indeed, quantum chemical calculations really proved that often only a few modes have non-zero values of th ...
... manifolds only a few vibrational modes can retain their coherent character for a longer time, even in the donor-acceptor complexes [5] containing a relatively large number of vibrational modes. Indeed, quantum chemical calculations really proved that often only a few modes have non-zero values of th ...
Spin or, Actually: Spin and Quantum Statistics
... understood, mathematically, on the basis of the Schrödinger-Pauli equation. We do not understand how crystalline or quasi-crystalline order can be derived as a consequence of equilibrium quantum statistical mechanics. All this shows how little we understand about ‘emergent behavior’ of many-particl ...
... understood, mathematically, on the basis of the Schrödinger-Pauli equation. We do not understand how crystalline or quasi-crystalline order can be derived as a consequence of equilibrium quantum statistical mechanics. All this shows how little we understand about ‘emergent behavior’ of many-particl ...
Constructive Geometry - Proof theory and straightedge
... A theorem in the algebraic setting Suppose that we do require B 6= C for the definedness of Circle3(A, B, C). Then: Theorem (with Freek Wiedijk) Circle3 is not definable from the other operations. Proof. Let t be a term definable without Circle3, with one free point variable x. Then t becomes undefi ...
... A theorem in the algebraic setting Suppose that we do require B 6= C for the definedness of Circle3(A, B, C). Then: Theorem (with Freek Wiedijk) Circle3 is not definable from the other operations. Proof. Let t be a term definable without Circle3, with one free point variable x. Then t becomes undefi ...
lecture notes on statistical mechanics - MSU Physics
... Thus, the states are populated proportional to the factor e−βϵi , which is the Boltzmann distribution, with β being identified as the inverse temperature. Again, the parameter λ is chosen to normalize the probability. However, a given β only enforces the constraint that the average energy is some co ...
... Thus, the states are populated proportional to the factor e−βϵi , which is the Boltzmann distribution, with β being identified as the inverse temperature. Again, the parameter λ is chosen to normalize the probability. However, a given β only enforces the constraint that the average energy is some co ...
Matrix Product States for Lattice Gauge Theories
... properties. Their main limitation is very different compared to other numerical techniques: it is defined by the amount and structure of entanglement in quantum many-body states. ...
... properties. Their main limitation is very different compared to other numerical techniques: it is defined by the amount and structure of entanglement in quantum many-body states. ...