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... HYDROPHILIC/HYDROPHOBIC areas determine positions of molecules in cell membranes hydrophobic amino acids – Those with nonpolar side groups – stick in the lipid membrane – anchors the protein in membrane ...
prokaryotic cells
prokaryotic cells

... maintain its shape; moves organelles within the cell; aids in cell movement  Type of Cell: found in all cells  Analogy: it is like the support beams and cranes of a factory ...
Interphase
Interphase

... There are three stages of interphase, with each phase ending when a cellular checkpoint checks the accuracy of the stage's completion before proceeding to the next. The stages of interphase are: • G1 (Growth 1), in which the cell grows and functions normally. During this time, much protein synthesis ...
The Nervous System
The Nervous System

... column): lies in segments T1~L3, containing sympathetic preganglionic neurons Sacral parasympathetic nucleus (骶副交感核): lies in segments S2~S4, containing parasympathetic preganglionic neurons Intermediomedial nucleus (中间内侧核) : for sensation of viscera ...
Does it make its own food?
Does it make its own food?

... Does it make its own food? ...
Action Potential
Action Potential

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This is Jeopardy
This is Jeopardy

... C6-500-The answer is… If a cell has an internal salt concentration of 0.8% and it was placed in a solution with a salt concentration of 20%, in which direction would the net movement of water be ? ...
Cell City Project Name: Introduction: Cells, the basic unit of life, can
Cell City Project Name: Introduction: Cells, the basic unit of life, can

... Introduction: Cells, the basic unit of life, can be compared to a school, factory, or even an entire city. These cells are busy with the business of life. They are at work releasing energy from foods, using that energy to make needed cell parts. Together, your cells function to make your body operat ...
Cells and Organisation
Cells and Organisation

... Describe, as fully as you can, what happens in the nervous system when this receptor cell is stimulated by light. ...
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... (D) Monera (center bottom): These organisms are prokaryotes (organisms lacking a membranebound nucleus). For the moment, recall that the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is perhaps the biggest difference among organisms. (If you fall on the positive side of perhaps, you probably favor t ...
Chapter 12 Lecture notes
Chapter 12 Lecture notes

... Variations in cell division in different groups of organisms may be similar to mechanisms used by ancestral species and thus may resemble steps in the evolution of mitosis from binary fission. ○ Two unusual types of nuclear division are found in certain unicellular eukaryotes: dinoflagellates, diato ...
(PUNCH-P) reveals cell cycle
(PUNCH-P) reveals cell cycle

... revealing a different repertoire of labeled proteins (Supplemental Fig. S4). The use of Biot-PU instead of puromycin allowed us to harness the extraordinary affinity between biotin and streptavidin to increase binding specificity and eliminate strong background binders; e.g., ribosomal proteins. We ...
The herpesvirus saimiri ORF73 gene product interacts with host
The herpesvirus saimiri ORF73 gene product interacts with host

... These two mutants therefore suggest that the CBD is located in the C terminus. Although we have previously suggested that an additional NLS may reside within the C terminus (Hall et al., 2000b), the C-terminal deletions used were all produced in a second vector, pEGFP-NLS, which contains the well-ch ...
Approaches Expectations
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... permeable. Which means it allows some molecules to pass through it easily and others have a harder time or can not pass. (Cellular Transport, n.d.) Size and polarity will prevent molecules from passing through the membrane. (Cellular Transport, n.d.) Vibrations of the membrane allow small water mole ...
Pre-mRNA splicing: life at the centre of the central dogma
Pre-mRNA splicing: life at the centre of the central dogma

... still await functional characterization. Some of the additional proteins identified in these complexes have known associations with other aspects of RNA processing, including transcription and mRNA export. This is consistent with the intimate coupling of different steps in gene expression. Alternati ...
The Cell Membrane
The Cell Membrane

... When the carbohydrate component of the glycoprotein is extensive, typically interacting with extracellular matrix components it can be seen in the electron microscope. The extensive "sugar coating" of the intestinal epithelium is called the glycocalyx. ...
inside cell - Cloudfront.net
inside cell - Cloudfront.net

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Biology placement flyer and study guide
Biology placement flyer and study guide

... • Be able to describe the properties of the four groups of macromolecules and give examples of each • Review the first and second laws of thermodynamics and how living systems conform to these laws Cell Structure and Function • Review the concepts of evolution and natural selection • Describe the st ...
Minute Plasma Membrane Protein Isolation Kit
Minute Plasma Membrane Protein Isolation Kit

... plasma membrane proteins is not needed. Continue to step 7 for plasma membrane protein isolation. Don’t freeze total membrane protein fraction if further isolation of plasma membrane proteins is desired. B. Isolation of Plasma Membrane Proteins 7. Resuspend the total membrane protein fraction from s ...
Reprogramming nuclei
Reprogramming nuclei

... resulting ‘fertilized’ egg, the properties of the donor nucleus have to become like those of the normal zygotic nucleus. The donor nucleus must adopt the cell cycle parameters of the zygote, including DNA replication, nuclear envelope breakdown, chromosome condensation and chromosome segregation, an ...
Document
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... Cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates move among the phospholipids in the plasma membrane. Proteins are found on both the inner surface and the outer surface of the plasma membrane. Proteins on the outer surface are called receptors because they send signals to the inside of the cell. Proteins on ...
visualization of charged groups on the surface of rat liver nuclei
visualization of charged groups on the surface of rat liver nuclei

... glycoprotcins or glycolipids has been studied with particular interest, as these molecules have been postulated to contribute to various cellular receptors, and to recognition and adhesion processes (Gielen, 1968; Emmelot, 1973; Weiss, 1973). Related biological roles have also been suggested for gly ...
Biology H Chapters 4, 5
Biology H Chapters 4, 5

... d. white blood cell : bacteria ...
7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure
7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure

... Cell biologists divide the eukaryotic cell into two major parts: the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The Cytoplasm is the portion of the cell outside the nucleus. Slide 3 of 49 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall ...
Cell A nalogy Poster Project - Rochester Community Schools
Cell A nalogy Poster Project - Rochester Community Schools

... analogy based on an animal cell or plant cell. (Remember that a plant cell has a Cell Wall and Chloroplasts.) Everyone should help fill out the Structure Chart. (ONE chart per group!) Groups decide an overall theme, or style for their analogy to a cell. NO Human Body for a theme! (example themes: Ci ...
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Cell nucleus



In cell biology, the nucleus (pl. nuclei; from Latin nucleus or nuculeus, meaning kernel) is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotes usually have a single nucleus, but a few cell types have no nuclei, and a few others have many.Cell nuclei contain most of the cell's genetic material, organized as multiple long linear DNA molecules in complex with a large variety of proteins, such as histones, to form chromosomes. The genes within these chromosomes are the cell's nuclear genome. The function of the nucleus is to maintain the integrity of these genes and to control the activities of the cell by regulating gene expression—the nucleus is, therefore, the control center of the cell. The main structures making up the nucleus are the nuclear envelope, a double membrane that encloses the entire organelle and isolates its contents from the cellular cytoplasm, and the nucleoskeleton (which includes nuclear lamina), a network within the nucleus that adds mechanical support, much like the cytoskeleton, which supports the cell as a whole.Because the nuclear membrane is impermeable to large molecules, nuclear pores are required that regulate nuclear transport of molecules across the envelope. The pores cross both nuclear membranes, providing a channel through which larger molecules must be actively transported by carrier proteins while allowing free movement of small molecules and ions. Movement of large molecules such as proteins and RNA through the pores is required for both gene expression and the maintenance of chromosomes. The interior of the nucleus does not contain any membrane-bound sub compartments, its contents are not uniform, and a number of sub-nuclear bodies exist, made up of unique proteins, RNA molecules, and particular parts of the chromosomes. The best-known of these is the nucleolus, which is mainly involved in the assembly of ribosomes. After being produced in the nucleolus, ribosomes are exported to the cytoplasm where they translate mRNA.
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