From Quantum Mechanics to String Theory
... quantum mechanics and special relativity together imply the existence of anti-particles forces are mediated by the exchange of virtual particles, which carry energy and momentum inconsistent with their masses using quantum uncertainty. This leads to a decrease of force strength with distance, and in ...
... quantum mechanics and special relativity together imply the existence of anti-particles forces are mediated by the exchange of virtual particles, which carry energy and momentum inconsistent with their masses using quantum uncertainty. This leads to a decrease of force strength with distance, and in ...
Overview of Neutrino Physics Issues and Opportunities Andr´ e de Gouvˆ
... distinction between a massless Dirac and Majorana fermion. Processes that are proportional to the Majorana nature of the neutrino vanish in the limit mν → 0. Since neutrinos masses are very small, the probability for these to happen is very, very small: A ∝ mν /E. The “smoking gun” signature is the ...
... distinction between a massless Dirac and Majorana fermion. Processes that are proportional to the Majorana nature of the neutrino vanish in the limit mν → 0. Since neutrinos masses are very small, the probability for these to happen is very, very small: A ∝ mν /E. The “smoking gun” signature is the ...
Dark Matter Candidates - SLAC
... 4.6. Supersymmetry Our current understanding of physics includes no fundamental relationship between bosons and fermions. Supersymmetry was proposed as just such a relationship, first on the 2-d worldsheet for string theory [31], and slightly later for standard 4-d spacetime [32]. Supersymmetric theo ...
... 4.6. Supersymmetry Our current understanding of physics includes no fundamental relationship between bosons and fermions. Supersymmetry was proposed as just such a relationship, first on the 2-d worldsheet for string theory [31], and slightly later for standard 4-d spacetime [32]. Supersymmetric theo ...
Experimental evidence for color-neutral pre-hadronic
... Tc must be predominantly of mesonic nature until final deconfinement ...
... Tc must be predominantly of mesonic nature until final deconfinement ...
The Evolution of Quantum Field Theory, From QED to Grand
... Before 1970, the particle physics community was (unequally) divided concerning the relevance of quantized fields for the understanding of subatomic particles and their interactions. On hindsight, one can see clearly why the experts were negative about this approach. Foremost was the general feeling ...
... Before 1970, the particle physics community was (unequally) divided concerning the relevance of quantized fields for the understanding of subatomic particles and their interactions. On hindsight, one can see clearly why the experts were negative about this approach. Foremost was the general feeling ...
Untitled
... uctuates: the physical state of a system containing no particles cannot be distinguished sharply from a state in which there are equal numbers of particles and anti-particles, as long as these states have the same energy. Of course a system containing observable physical particles (or anti-particles ...
... uctuates: the physical state of a system containing no particles cannot be distinguished sharply from a state in which there are equal numbers of particles and anti-particles, as long as these states have the same energy. Of course a system containing observable physical particles (or anti-particles ...
the standard model - Public < RHUL Physics Department TWiki
... The gauge theory of strong interactions is called “Quantum ChromoDynamics” (QCD), associated with the group SU(3)c . Quarks possess an internal property called “colour” and the gauge transformations are local transformations between quarks of different colours. The gauge bosons of QCD are called “gl ...
... The gauge theory of strong interactions is called “Quantum ChromoDynamics” (QCD), associated with the group SU(3)c . Quarks possess an internal property called “colour” and the gauge transformations are local transformations between quarks of different colours. The gauge bosons of QCD are called “gl ...
Beyond the Standard Model
... fourth year. This means that no detailed knowledge of quantum field theory is assumed, only some basic ideas like the intuitive notion of Feynman diagrams and their relation to Lagrangians. Most of the current version was updated during the spring of 2015. The purpose of the lectures is to explain t ...
... fourth year. This means that no detailed knowledge of quantum field theory is assumed, only some basic ideas like the intuitive notion of Feynman diagrams and their relation to Lagrangians. Most of the current version was updated during the spring of 2015. The purpose of the lectures is to explain t ...
Grand Unified Models and Cosmology
... The hot big-bang cosmology predicts the expansion of the universe and the present abundances of the light-elements. Its best recent success is the predicted perfect black-body spectrum of the cosmic background radiation (CBR) measured by COBE (Cosmic Background Explorer Satellite) [15]. But in spite ...
... The hot big-bang cosmology predicts the expansion of the universe and the present abundances of the light-elements. Its best recent success is the predicted perfect black-body spectrum of the cosmic background radiation (CBR) measured by COBE (Cosmic Background Explorer Satellite) [15]. But in spite ...
PHY492: Nuclear & Particle Physics Lecture 18 Quark-onium QCD basics
... • e+ e- inelastic collisions produce of particles with quantum numbers of the photon. _ • Bound states of q q are analogous to bound state of e+e-, positronium • First indications of the charm quark show up in “charm-onium” • Source of most information regarding the bottom quark and bottom-onium • D ...
... • e+ e- inelastic collisions produce of particles with quantum numbers of the photon. _ • Bound states of q q are analogous to bound state of e+e-, positronium • First indications of the charm quark show up in “charm-onium” • Source of most information regarding the bottom quark and bottom-onium • D ...
An Infrared Effective Theory of Quark Confinement Based on
... where VQQ and VQQ are the static potentials of quark-quark and quark·antiquark. Assuming the relation (5-3), Basdevant and Boukraa14 ) showed that the ground state of baryons can be calculated with good accuracy. N ow let us determine the values of the parameters of our model using (1) the static po ...
... where VQQ and VQQ are the static potentials of quark-quark and quark·antiquark. Assuming the relation (5-3), Basdevant and Boukraa14 ) showed that the ground state of baryons can be calculated with good accuracy. N ow let us determine the values of the parameters of our model using (1) the static po ...
Quantum Chromodynamical Explanation of the Strong Nuclear Force
... one anti-colour charge. As per QCD, the net change in colour-charge for such an interaction must be zero; that is, colourcharge is conserved. For example, a green quark interacts with a blue quark within a baryon by emitting a gluon carrying green and anti-blue colourcharges; this leaves the formerl ...
... one anti-colour charge. As per QCD, the net change in colour-charge for such an interaction must be zero; that is, colourcharge is conserved. For example, a green quark interacts with a blue quark within a baryon by emitting a gluon carrying green and anti-blue colourcharges; this leaves the formerl ...
quarks and leptons - answers to practice questions
... difference: muon has a much greater rest mass ...
... difference: muon has a much greater rest mass ...
Quintessence
... similar to electric field , but no direction ( scalar field ) may be fundamental or composite (effective) field ...
... similar to electric field , but no direction ( scalar field ) may be fundamental or composite (effective) field ...
Aspects of Symmetry Breaking in Grand Unified Theories
... monopole with magnetic charge Qm = 2π/e and mass Mm = αU−1 MU [20]. The central core of a GUT monopole contains the fields of the superheavy gauge bosons which mediate proton decay, so one expects that baryon number can be violated in baryon-monopole scattering. Quite surprisingly it was found [21, ...
... monopole with magnetic charge Qm = 2π/e and mass Mm = αU−1 MU [20]. The central core of a GUT monopole contains the fields of the superheavy gauge bosons which mediate proton decay, so one expects that baryon number can be violated in baryon-monopole scattering. Quite surprisingly it was found [21, ...
Our bodies are made of neutrons, protons and electrons
... quarks are called Hadrons. Although individual quarks have fractional electrical charges, they combine such that hadrons have a net integer electric charge. Another property of hadrons is that they have no net color charge even though the quarks themselves carry color charge (we will try to talk mor ...
... quarks are called Hadrons. Although individual quarks have fractional electrical charges, they combine such that hadrons have a net integer electric charge. Another property of hadrons is that they have no net color charge even though the quarks themselves carry color charge (we will try to talk mor ...
the periodic table of elementary particles
... elementary particles. The periodic table is derived from dualities of string theory and a Kaluza-Klein substructure for the six extra spatial dimensions. As a molecule is the composite of atoms with chemical bonds, a hadron is the composite of elementary particles with hadronic bonds. The masses of ...
... elementary particles. The periodic table is derived from dualities of string theory and a Kaluza-Klein substructure for the six extra spatial dimensions. As a molecule is the composite of atoms with chemical bonds, a hadron is the composite of elementary particles with hadronic bonds. The masses of ...
Beamline Instrumentation for Future Parity-Violation Experiments Robert Michaels
... used to analyze the radioactive of material. IHEP had built a HPGe detector three years ago, used for the lowradioactive materials selected for Daya Bay experiment. But for the future Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) experiments, a more restrict low background experiment, it is beyon ...
... used to analyze the radioactive of material. IHEP had built a HPGe detector three years ago, used for the lowradioactive materials selected for Daya Bay experiment. But for the future Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) experiments, a more restrict low background experiment, it is beyon ...
neutrinos: mysterious particles with fascinating features, which led to
... decays involving the light particles that we call leptons. The Standard Model of particle physics takes into account that At that time, they knew the electron, the neutrino (as a later (in 1975) yet another cousin of the electron was found, hypothesis) and the muon, µ− , which had been discovered in ...
... decays involving the light particles that we call leptons. The Standard Model of particle physics takes into account that At that time, they knew the electron, the neutrino (as a later (in 1975) yet another cousin of the electron was found, hypothesis) and the muon, µ− , which had been discovered in ...
Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model
The Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) is an extension to the Standard Model that realizes supersymmetry. MSSM is the minimal supersymmetrical model as it considers only ""the [minimum] number of new particle states and new interactions consistent with phenomenology"". Supersymmetry pairs bosons with fermions; therefore every Standard Model particle has a partner that has yet to be discovered. If the superparticles are found, it may be analogous to discovering dark matter and depending on the details of what might be found, it could provide evidence for grand unification and might even, in principle, provide hints as to whether string theory describes nature. The failure to find evidence for supersymmetry using the Large Hadron Collider since 2010 has led to suggestions that the theory should be abandoned.