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10-3 Regulating the Cell Cycle
10-3 Regulating the Cell Cycle

... • uncontrolled division can compromise the function of the tissue where the dividing cells are located and ultimately may cause death – quickly-dividing cells spend a large amount of time in M phase • cells perform most of their normal functions while in ...
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... simulated on the basis of systems of nonlinear differential equations (1-3) or systems of Master equations. Only very recently intracellular transport and sorting of proteins taking place via vesicular transport between different organelles (endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus etc. ) became a sub ...
MEMBRANE POTENTIAL, ACTION POTENTIAL Some
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... Ion Currents in the Membrane The voltage clamp method is used by electrophysiologists to measure the ion currents across a membrane while holding the membrane voltage at a set level. Neuronal membranes contain many different kinds of ion channels, some of which are voltage gated. The voltage clamp a ...
f9 What advantage accrues to a cud-chewer? - e
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... processed by regurgitation and chewing (grinding). Lowing of the cow is to vent methane, a product of the process. The swallowed product ultimately passes through the rumen into the acid environment of the remaining stomach chambers for further processing and then on into the intestines. A clue to t ...
Phospho-RCC1 (Ser11) Antibody
Phospho-RCC1 (Ser11) Antibody

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Monday - Houston ISD

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Mitosis Review.pptx
Mitosis Review.pptx

... •  The  cell  gets  ready  to  divide  into  two  by  forming  new   nuclear  membranes  around  the  separate  sets  of   chromosome.    The  two  daughter  nuclei  each  have  a   copy  of  every  chromosome  that  was  in  the ...
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... that performs a specific job in the cell. Organelles called mitochondria, for example, provide energy to the cell, and organelles called vacuoles store substances in the cell. Organelles allow eukaryotic cells to carry out more functions than prokaryotic cells can. This allows eukaryotic cells to ha ...
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Structure of an iron-transport protein revealed

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... • Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest material. • Centrioles are tubes found in the centrosomes – made of microtubules. – Centrioles help divide DNA. – Centrioles form cilia and flagella. ...
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... • Animals store excess glucose by polymerizing it to form glycogen • The structure of glycogen is similar to that of amylopectin, although the branches in glycogen tend to be shorter and more frequent. • Glycogen is broken back down into glucose when energy is needed (a process called glycogenolysis ...
The Endosymbiotic Theory - University of Evansville Faculty Web sites
The Endosymbiotic Theory - University of Evansville Faculty Web sites

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... appreciated fully when analysed spatially as well as temporally. As recently as 15 years ago, bacterial compartments were thought to be homogenous. As a consequence, proteins could have one of only a very limited number of locations — they were ‘in the cytoplasm’, ‘in the membrane’, or (in Gram-nega ...
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...  Chromatids: Two sister chromatids formed from each duplicated chromosome. They contain identical copies of the chromosome’s DNA.  Centromere: The narrow region which the two sister chromatids are connected together.  Mitosis: A type of cell division that occurs in somatic cells and generates two ...
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... – Binding by a ligand to the extracellular side changes the protein’s shape and opens the channel. – Ion flow changes the concentration inside the cell. – When the ligand dissociates, the channel closes. – Very important in the nervous system ...
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chapter 7 section 2 notes

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Biology 1st Block

... An isotonic cellular environment occurs when an equal solute concentration exists inside and outside the cell. Molecules flow in and out at an equal rate by osmosis, causing the cell size to stay the same. It will not lose or gain any solutes. Plant cells in an isotonic environment are flaccid (they ...
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Endomembrane system

The endomembrane system is composed of the different membranes that are suspended in the cytoplasm within a eukaryotic cell. These membranes divide the cell into functional and structural compartments, or organelles. In eukaryotes the organelles of the endomembrane system include: the nuclear membrane, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vesicles, endosomes and the cell membrane. The system is defined more accurately as the set of membranes that form a single functional and developmental unit, either being connected directly, or exchanging material through vesicle transport. Importantly, the endomembrane system does not include the membranes of mitochondria or chloroplasts.The nuclear membrane contains two lipid bilayers that encompass the contents of the nucleus. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a synthesis and transport organelle that branches into the cytoplasm in plant and animal cells. The Golgi apparatus is a series of multiple compartments where molecules are packaged for delivery to other cell components or for secretion from the cell. Vacuoles, which are found in both plant and animal cells (though much bigger in plant cells), are responsible for maintaining the shape and structure of the cell as well as storing waste products. A vesicle is a relatively small, membrane-enclosed sac that stores or transports substances. The cell membrane, is a protective barrier that regulates what enters and leaves the cell. There is also an organelle known as the Spitzenkörper that is only found in fungi, and is connected with hyphal tip growth.In prokaryotes endomembranes are rare, although in many photosynthetic bacteria the plasma membrane is highly folded and most of the cell cytoplasm is filled with layers of light-gathering membrane. These light-gathering membranes may even form enclosed structures called chlorosomes in green sulfur bacteria.The organelles of the endomembrane system are related through direct contact or by the transfer of membrane segments as vesicles. Despite these relationships, the various membranes are not identical in structure and function. The thickness, molecular composition, and metabolic behavior of a membrane are not fixed, they may be modified several times during the membrane's life. One unifying characteristic the membranes share is a lipid bilayer, with proteins attached to either side or traversing them.
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