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Diagram to Review 33
Diagram to Review 33

... of diverse forms, including snails and slugs, oysters and clams, and octopuses and squids. • Most mollusks are marine, though some inhabit fresh water, and some snails and slugs live on land. • Mollusks are soft-bodied animals, but most are protected by a hard shell of calcium carbonate. – Slugs, sq ...
The Circulatory system
The Circulatory system

... Valves prevent the backflow of blood. As blood moves from one chamber to the next, the valves push closed behind the blood as it begins to flow back against them. ...
Inflammation
Inflammation

... B) systemic – severe injury 3 major changes 1. alteration – tissue change 2. exudation - inflammatory exudate – liquid + proteins (exudate) – cellular (infiltrate) ...
nerves & action potentials - IB
nerves & action potentials - IB

... between limits, including blood pH, carbon dioxide concentration, blood glucose concentrations, body temperature and water balance. ...
Unit 3 - Madison Public Schools
Unit 3 - Madison Public Schools

... natural by-product of cellular metabolism. Enzymes in peroxisomes break hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen gas.  Prevalent in cells that are synthesizing and ...
Vascular Plant Morphology Laboratory 1 Internal Anatomy and
Vascular Plant Morphology Laboratory 1 Internal Anatomy and

... B. Vessel Elements (VE) are invariably the largest cells in a plant. VE's form tubes that run throughout the plant. VE's are characterized by their generally short length and open end wall, called a perforation plate, where the next VE will occur. Identify a VE (from an entire vessel) and it's perfo ...
Ultrastructure of the blastopore cells in the newt
Ultrastructure of the blastopore cells in the newt

... widely discussed. Broadly speaking, three general types of active agent have been invoked: (1) relations between neighbouring cells of a kind comparable to differences in surface tension (Holtfreter, 19436, 1944); (2) more specific chemical affinities between neighbouring cells (Weiss, 1950); (3) th ...
PDF
PDF

... widely discussed. Broadly speaking, three general types of active agent have been invoked: (1) relations between neighbouring cells of a kind comparable to differences in surface tension (Holtfreter, 19436, 1944); (2) more specific chemical affinities between neighbouring cells (Weiss, 1950); (3) th ...
Nutrients and Their Functions
Nutrients and Their Functions

... • Helps maintain body fluid balance • Involved in breakdown and utilization of carbohydrates and in protein synthesis • Necessary for normal growth and development • Important for health of many cells (e.g. taste buds, lining of gastrointestinal tract, immune system, retina of eye) • Important in tr ...
Proposals Concerning the Higher Taxa of Bacteria
Proposals Concerning the Higher Taxa of Bacteria

... Names are proposed for divisions, classes, and some orders of bacteria. The kingdom Procaryotae Murray 1968 is divided into three divisions: Gracilicutes divisio nov., Firmacutes divisio nov., and Mollicutes Edward and Freundt 1967, for organisms having, respectively, a gram-negative cell wall, a gr ...
11 - Circulation & Gas Exchange Sum13
11 - Circulation & Gas Exchange Sum13

... – Blood vessels – channels for transport – Heart – pump for circulation ...
Checkpoints and Restriction Points in Bacteria and Eukaryotic Cells
Checkpoints and Restriction Points in Bacteria and Eukaryotic Cells

... Before analyzing these bacterial checkpoints in more detail, it is necessary to distinguish two different ideas regarding checkpoints. The main question is whether the checkpoint is a cellular process, element, molecule, or system that is “external” to the processes that are being checked. In a cell ...
Facilitated diffusion is a process by which molecules are
Facilitated diffusion is a process by which molecules are

... bonds are affected, but this may not fully explain this mechanism. Each carrier protein is specific to one substance, and there are a finite number of these proteins in any membrane. This can cause problems in transporting enough of the material for the cell to function properly. ...
The Lymphatic System (Immune System) Nonspecific Resistance
The Lymphatic System (Immune System) Nonspecific Resistance

... • Respiratory allergy results as pollens trigger an immune response where an inflammation occurs. Fluid secretion (mucous and tears), smooth muscle contraction of bronchioles, swelling of soft tissue due to fluid accumulation closes off the airway. ...
Plant Cell
Plant Cell

... protoplasm is referred to as protoplasmic streaming. Protoplasm is also known as plasmogen. The term, protoplasm, has become relatively unpopular among biologists these days as the specific substances inside the cell tend to be named individually. Protoplasm comes from the Greek word "protos" meanin ...
volvox notes, 14
volvox notes, 14

... microscope volvox look like hollow green spheres. The colony is a hollow ball with 500 to 50,000 individual cells. Cells that are separated from the colony look just like any other single-celled protist. Each individual cell has an eyespot which senses light. Color the eyespot red. The cells with th ...
Dynamic Clamp
Dynamic Clamp

... provide in vivo like conditions in vitro by applying high rates of artificial inputs. ...
Lab-1, Anatomy
Lab-1, Anatomy

... 2. Collenchyma cells are also living at maturity, and always occur in the outer layers of the cortex, immediately below the epidermis. Collenchyma are elongated cells (parallel to the axis of the stem), and can be identified by their unevenly thickened primary cell walls. Collenchyma always occurs a ...
Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration

... so that ATP production is continuous. Oxygen is present in the air, and also is found dissolved in water. It either diffuses into cells—as in bacteria, fungi, plants, and many aquatic animals, such as sponges and fish—or it is inhaled—as in more complex animals, including humans. Cellular respiratio ...
Let`s move cell health forward together
Let`s move cell health forward together

... and mitochondrial function is a highly sensitive indicator of cell health and stress. Depolarization of the inner mitochondrial membrane potential is a reliable indicator of mitochondrial dysfunction, which has been increasingly implicated in drug toxicity. Life Technologies provides a range of Mole ...
Circulatory Systemand Respiratory System
Circulatory Systemand Respiratory System

... – Ventricle: lower chambers of the heart • Pumps blood ...
The Circulatory System
The Circulatory System

...  When you take your pulse or measure your blood pressure, the blood being used is flowing through the arteries because the pressure is much higher than the veins.  Your lungs can hold as much air as a basketball! ...
BODY ORGANIZATION
BODY ORGANIZATION

... – Organization involves how the organism is divided into distinct parts to perform these functions Copyright 2003 by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved. ...
Biology 11 - All About Blood Notes
Biology 11 - All About Blood Notes

... ___________ of their body weight. Blood is living tissue that carries oxygen and nutrients to all parts of the body, and carries carbon dioxide and other waste products back to the lungs, kidneys and liver for disposal. It also fights against infection and helps heal wounds, so we can stay healthy. ...
Slides - Workforce Development in Stem Cell Research
Slides - Workforce Development in Stem Cell Research

... • Grow ES cells on non-adherent substrates so that they aggregate with each other. These aggregates are called “embryoid bodies”. • ES cells within aggregates will interact with each other. These cellcell interactions mimic some of the interactions of ES cells in vivo that normally guide their diffe ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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