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Unit 1 Biology 3
Unit 1 Biology 3

... Examination of cells using various microscopes reveals much about their internal organisation. Each living cell is a small compartment with an outer boundary known as the cell membrane or plasma membrane. Inside each living cell is a fluid, known as cytosol, that consists mainly of water containing ...
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... engulfed and recycled by neighboring cells or specific macrophages; therefore complete elimination of the cell occurs. ...
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Mycology INTRODUCTION TO MYCOLOGY

... like structures that elongates by growth at tips. A mass of hyphae is known as mycelium. It is the hyphae that is responsible for the filamentous nature of mould. The hyphae may be branched or unbranched. They may be septate or aseptate. Hyphae usually have cross walls that divide them into numerous ...
Cells - TeacherWeb
Cells - TeacherWeb

... Cell Theory • The cell is the All living organisms are composed of • The functioning of an organism depends on individual cells and clusters of cells. ...
Human Gas Exchange
Human Gas Exchange

... Fish obtain the oxygen they need from the water around them. To do this they need a system that is far more efficient at extracting oxygen than other non-aquatic animals because of the small amount of oxygen available in water. For this purpose, fish have gills. The gills of a fish have a large surf ...
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... Connective tissue is the most abundant tissue in the body. It consists of special cells called fibroblasts surrounded by a matrix of intercellular material. The matrix can contain fibers such as collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers. Other cells can exist in connective tissue such as macrophages ...
Gas Exchange
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... Surface area must be large enough to take up sufficient O2 for every body cell and dispose of CO2  4 types which vary between species (pictures) ...
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... least partly determined by mechanical forces that are exerted by neighboring cells. In order to gain insight into mechanisms underlying tissue topology, Gibson et al. have used mathematical modeling to study the theoretical effect of cell division (Gibson et al., 2006). As can be seen in Fig. 1A, di ...
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Technical Tip - Cytoskeleton, Inc.
Technical Tip - Cytoskeleton, Inc.

... occur when cells are fixed), high cell permeability is necessary. The SiR actin and tubulin probes fulfill all of these requirements. In short, the combination of STED and SiR probes allows for unparalleled fluorescent visualization of subcellular actin and tubulin/microtubule structures and their p ...
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Mouse (Monoclonal) Anti-Human IgE Fc Receptor (Low Affinity) CD23

... This antibody recognizes the CD23 antigen, a type II integral membrane glycoprotein expressed by B cells, moncytes, and other cell types. CD23, also known as FcεRII, serves as a low affinity receptor for IgE and appears to play a role in the negative feedback regulation of IgE synthesis. CD23 also a ...
EXTRAEMBRYONIC MEMBRANE
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... blood to bypass the developing lungs. Refer to the section on changes at birth for more information on the fates of these structures. ...
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Biology - Dux Private Tutoring
Biology - Dux Private Tutoring

... The layers of rock form as a result of changing conditions on Earth. For example, if there was an unusually high concentration of calcium carbonate at one point in time, the rocks formed during this time would show calcium carbonate and would look different to rocks formed by basalt. ...
Tissues PowerPoint
Tissues PowerPoint

... cells; functions in protection • Stratified columnar—surface cells are columnar, and cells underneath vary in size and shape; functions in protection • Stratified cuboidal and columnar – Rare in human body – Found mainly in ducts of large glands © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
Renal Insufficency / Kidney Failure (Chronic Renal
Renal Insufficency / Kidney Failure (Chronic Renal

... calcium phosphorus balance and is beneficial in preventing the progression of kidney failure when it is administered while phosphorus levels are still normal. Our experience with this medication has been excellent and we recommend its use in appropriate patients whole-heartedly. The doses that are u ...
Kingdom Animalia - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
Kingdom Animalia - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca

... So, what exactly is an "animal"? With so many different kinds of animals, it's hard to imagine what they all might have in common. First, animals are multicellular. This means they are made of many cells, unlike bacteria, which are made of only one cell. Second, all animals are heterotrophs; they mu ...
to a prolonged period of sucrose deprivation
to a prolonged period of sucrose deprivation

... pools of carbohydrate and to their ability to control an autophagic process can survive for a period of several days without synthesizing or receiving any additional organic carbon. Some morphological observations have shown that, in higher plant cells, portions of the cytoplasm, including cell orga ...
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Gas exchange File
Gas exchange File

... • explain how alveoli are adapted for gas exchange by diffusion between air in the lungs and blood in capillaries • understand the biological consequences of smoking in relation to the lungs and the circulatory system • describe a simple experiment to investigate the effect of exercise on breathing ...
NCEA Level 2 Biology (91156) 2016
NCEA Level 2 Biology (91156) 2016

... concentration, and poisons. Temperature – all enzymes have an optimum temperature. At very low temperatures, enzyme action slows, and at high temperatures the 3D shape may change and denature. Denaturing is irreversible and means the enzyme is inactive. Substrate – an increase in substrate concentra ...
500KB - NZQA
500KB - NZQA

... concentration, and poisons. Temperature – all enzymes have an optimum temperature. At very low temperatures, enzyme action slows, and at high temperatures the 3D shape may change and denature. Denaturing is irreversible and means the enzyme is inactive. Substrate – an increase in substrate concentra ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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