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Chapter 16 – The Union Reconstructed
Chapter 16 – The Union Reconstructed

...  Blacks tested their new freedom gradually  Most freed slaves made education a priority  Many left their plantations in search of a family member who had been sold  The primary goal for these freed people was to secure jobs and land; they expected a new economic order and some compensation for t ...
File
File

... support isolationist forces in Congress ...
Chapter 16 The Union Reconstructed
Chapter 16 The Union Reconstructed

... position was that the South had never left the Union  Lincoln’s opponents argued that by declaring war, the Confederacy had broken their Constitutional ties and reverted to a territory status  The North was stronger than ever, the South lay in ruins ...
chapter 6 - Wayne County School District
chapter 6 - Wayne County School District

... BLACK POLITICAL POWER *BENJAMIN T. MONTGOMERY WAS THE FIRST BLACK POLITICAL FIGURE IN MS. (JUSTICE OF THE PEACE)  *ROBERT H. WOOD WAS THE FIRST BLACK MAYOR OF NATCHEZ AND THE FIRST BLACK MAYOR EVER ELECTED IN ...
File
File

... Prefer state/local action of federal involvement ...
Reconstruction Era Ch 23 - Rosedale Union School District
Reconstruction Era Ch 23 - Rosedale Union School District

... Freedman received education stopped receiving Funding, and many school closed. By the 1880’s Only half of all African American children Attended schools. In addition to losing education, Southern Democrats reversed the political gains made by freedmen after the war. Poll taxes and literacy tests wer ...
Freedom riders
Freedom riders

... Luther King, Jr., in which he called for racial equality and an end to discrimination King's delivery of the speech on August 28, 1963, from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, was a defining moment of the American Civil Rights Movement. Delivered t ...
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Jim Crow laws



Jim Crow laws were state and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States. Enacted after the Reconstruction period, these laws continued in force until 1965. They mandated de jure racial segregation in all public facilities in states of the former Confederate States of America, starting in 1890 with a ""separate but equal"" status for African Americans. Conditions for African Americans were consistently inferior and underfunded compared to those available to white Americans. This body of law institutionalized a number of economic, educational, and social disadvantages. De jure segregation mainly applied to the Southern United States, while Northern segregation was generally de facto — patterns of housing segregation enforced by private covenants, bank lending practices, and job discrimination, including discriminatory labor union practices.Jim Crow laws mandated the segregation of public schools, public places, and public transportation, and the segregation of restrooms, restaurants, and drinking fountains for whites and blacks. The U.S. military was also segregated, as were federal workplaces, initiated in 1913 under President Woodrow Wilson, the first Southern president elected since 1856. By requiring candidates to submit photos, his administration practiced racial discrimination in hiring. These Jim Crow laws followed the 1800–1866 Black Codes, which had previously restricted the civil rights and civil liberties of African Americans. Segregation of public (state-sponsored) schools was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court of the United States in 1954 in Brown v. Board of Education. Generally, the remaining Jim Crow laws were overruled by the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, but years of action and court challenges were needed to unravel numerous means of institutional discrimination.
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