WP/16/39 Governments and Promised Fiscal Consolidations
... changes. For example, a stock price boom raises the CAPB by increasing capital gains tax revenue, and tends to coincide with an expansion in private demand (Morris and Schuknecht, 2007). Even when the CAPB accurately measures fiscal actions, these could include discretionary responses to economic de ...
... changes. For example, a stock price boom raises the CAPB by increasing capital gains tax revenue, and tends to coincide with an expansion in private demand (Morris and Schuknecht, 2007). Even when the CAPB accurately measures fiscal actions, these could include discretionary responses to economic de ...
keynesian multiplier effects
... Assume the Government decides to REDUCE taxes by $10 Billion. This means that $10B is now in the hands of people and NOT in the hands of the Government. According to Keynes, what is the first thing that people in the economy are going to do with that new $10Billion?? They are going to Spend 90% and ...
... Assume the Government decides to REDUCE taxes by $10 Billion. This means that $10B is now in the hands of people and NOT in the hands of the Government. According to Keynes, what is the first thing that people in the economy are going to do with that new $10Billion?? They are going to Spend 90% and ...
Gross Domestic Product
... how GDP is calculated. Be sure to emphasize the differences between the expenditure approach and the income approach. Then explain how nominal GDP differs from real GDP, and discuss the limitations of GDP as a measure of economic performance. Explain the other income and output measures that are der ...
... how GDP is calculated. Be sure to emphasize the differences between the expenditure approach and the income approach. Then explain how nominal GDP differs from real GDP, and discuss the limitations of GDP as a measure of economic performance. Explain the other income and output measures that are der ...
THE EFFECTS OF FISCAL POLICY IN ITALY
... models with “keynesian” short-term features (e.g., see Henry, 2004, and the specific comparison with the Bank of Italy quarterly econometric model carried out in section 4.2).The increase in economic activity is determined by positive responses of private consumption and investment. The effect on in ...
... models with “keynesian” short-term features (e.g., see Henry, 2004, and the specific comparison with the Bank of Italy quarterly econometric model carried out in section 4.2).The increase in economic activity is determined by positive responses of private consumption and investment. The effect on in ...
Fiscal Shocks and Real Wages Agustín S. Bénétrix IIIS Trinity College Dublin
... spending measures. For instance, Blanchard and Perotti (2002) study the effects of shocks to government consumption on GDP, while Monacelli and Perotti (2006) assess the effect of these on trade balance, real exchange rate, GDP and private consumption. Monacelli and Perotti (2008) take shocks to non ...
... spending measures. For instance, Blanchard and Perotti (2002) study the effects of shocks to government consumption on GDP, while Monacelli and Perotti (2006) assess the effect of these on trade balance, real exchange rate, GDP and private consumption. Monacelli and Perotti (2008) take shocks to non ...
Why Do More Open Economies Have Bigger Governments?
... regressions is generally good, with an adjusted R2 of 0.43-0.46. Contrary to Wagner’s law, percapita income enters with a negative sign as a determinant of government consumption in both periods, but is only statistically significant at the 90 percent level for 1985-89. The dependency ratio enters p ...
... regressions is generally good, with an adjusted R2 of 0.43-0.46. Contrary to Wagner’s law, percapita income enters with a negative sign as a determinant of government consumption in both periods, but is only statistically significant at the 90 percent level for 1985-89. The dependency ratio enters p ...
Mongolia: 2015 Article IV Consultation Staff Report
... Context. Medium- to long-term prospects are promising given Mongolia’s large natural resources. Nonetheless, the country currently faces serious balance-of-payments (BOP) pressures on account of low FDI and weak commodity prices, as well as overly loose macro policies. Current Outlook. Imports have ...
... Context. Medium- to long-term prospects are promising given Mongolia’s large natural resources. Nonetheless, the country currently faces serious balance-of-payments (BOP) pressures on account of low FDI and weak commodity prices, as well as overly loose macro policies. Current Outlook. Imports have ...
R : T C
... segments of current revenue, viz. the direct and indirect taxes and the non-tax revenue. 2.11 In case of direct taxes, trend annual growth rate declined from 22.49 per cent during 1992-97 to 13.43 per cent during 1997-2001. Higher growth of over 24 per cent in direct taxes during 1997-98 was on acco ...
... segments of current revenue, viz. the direct and indirect taxes and the non-tax revenue. 2.11 In case of direct taxes, trend annual growth rate declined from 22.49 per cent during 1992-97 to 13.43 per cent during 1997-2001. Higher growth of over 24 per cent in direct taxes during 1997-98 was on acco ...
Budget Policy Statement 2014/15 (BPS) - Cook Islands
... amending vital legislative and the regulatory framework in the areas of finance, banking, domestic and international companies, taxation, marine resources, local governance of our islands, health, border security, energy, improving our public administration and other policy issues. In the first majo ...
... amending vital legislative and the regulatory framework in the areas of finance, banking, domestic and international companies, taxation, marine resources, local governance of our islands, health, border security, energy, improving our public administration and other policy issues. In the first majo ...
The Government Spending Multiplier in a Deep Recession
... recent paper by Dupor & Li (2015), in which they show that the ARRA did not cause a rise in expected inflation.3 Theoretically, aside from a few attempts to explain why the multiplier might be higher in a recession than in an expansion,4 most of the papers on this subject have been focused on episod ...
... recent paper by Dupor & Li (2015), in which they show that the ARRA did not cause a rise in expected inflation.3 Theoretically, aside from a few attempts to explain why the multiplier might be higher in a recession than in an expansion,4 most of the papers on this subject have been focused on episod ...
As You Sow So Shall You Reap: Public Investment Surges, Growth
... This paper presents an evaluation of public investment scaling-up strategies in Togo using the model constructed by Buffie and others (2012), which aims to complement the standard IMF-World Bank debt sustainability framework for low-income countries (LICs) by explicitly modeling and analyzing the li ...
... This paper presents an evaluation of public investment scaling-up strategies in Togo using the model constructed by Buffie and others (2012), which aims to complement the standard IMF-World Bank debt sustainability framework for low-income countries (LICs) by explicitly modeling and analyzing the li ...
M x V = Spending
... services produced in the economy, not just sweatshirts, we can derive GDP. And as illustrated by the sweatshirt production example, deriving this total yields the same result as tallying the dollar amounts of all final goods and services produced in the economy. As an economic indicator, GDP by itse ...
... services produced in the economy, not just sweatshirts, we can derive GDP. And as illustrated by the sweatshirt production example, deriving this total yields the same result as tallying the dollar amounts of all final goods and services produced in the economy. As an economic indicator, GDP by itse ...
will flat-lining become normal?
... of GDP in 2010.2 The key change here occurred during the 1980s. In 1970 and 1980 employee compensation was around 59 per cent of GDP, but by 1990 this had fallen to 55 per cent. Since 1990 the proportion has been very stable. If a period of elevated returns is relatively brief - for example, if it o ...
... of GDP in 2010.2 The key change here occurred during the 1980s. In 1970 and 1980 employee compensation was around 59 per cent of GDP, but by 1990 this had fallen to 55 per cent. Since 1990 the proportion has been very stable. If a period of elevated returns is relatively brief - for example, if it o ...
Analysis of revisions to quarterly GDP – a real-time database Cath Sleeman
... decisions. The measures of GDP, published by Statistics New Zealand (SNZ), are estimates rather than exact figures and may be revised in subsequent releases. Analysis of the most recent measures of GDP should incorporate the extent of uncertainty that surrounds these estimates. To enable a more detai ...
... decisions. The measures of GDP, published by Statistics New Zealand (SNZ), are estimates rather than exact figures and may be revised in subsequent releases. Analysis of the most recent measures of GDP should incorporate the extent of uncertainty that surrounds these estimates. To enable a more detai ...
Ch 37 - gdp and gnp - The Good, the Bad and the Economist
... build a shed for the iron mine! Oh, and the mine buys tools from the tool firm. So, how does one calculate final output of each firm without double counting?! The answer is, one summarises total output value (equivalent to total sales revenue) for each firm and deducts the costs of factor use. This ...
... build a shed for the iron mine! Oh, and the mine buys tools from the tool firm. So, how does one calculate final output of each firm without double counting?! The answer is, one summarises total output value (equivalent to total sales revenue) for each firm and deducts the costs of factor use. This ...
29.3 aggregate demand
... An increase in expected future income increases the amount of consumption goods that people plan to buy today and increases aggregate demand. An increase in expected future inflation increases aggregate demand today because people decide to buy more goods and services before their prices rise. An in ...
... An increase in expected future income increases the amount of consumption goods that people plan to buy today and increases aggregate demand. An increase in expected future inflation increases aggregate demand today because people decide to buy more goods and services before their prices rise. An in ...
Abenomics
.jpg?width=300)
Abenomics (アベノミクス, Abenomikusu) refers to the economic policies advocated by Shinzō Abe since the December 2012 general election, which elected Abe to his second term as prime minister of Japan. Abenomics is based upon ""three arrows"" of fiscal stimulus, monetary easing and structural reforms. The Economist characterized the program as a ""mix of reflation, government spending and a growth strategy designed to jolt the economy out of suspended animation that has gripped it for more than two decades.""The term ""Abenomics"" is a portmanteau of Abe and economics, and follows previous political neologisms for economic policies linked to specific leaders, such as Reaganomics, Clintonomics and Rogernomics.