AC Termination for Signal Busses
... design is towards higher speed and efficiency. This is not to say that efficiency was not an issue in previous designs, but as clock speeds increase, many elements that once were treated as ideal cannot be treated in this manner any longer. Digital system designers are faced with critical issues dea ...
... design is towards higher speed and efficiency. This is not to say that efficiency was not an issue in previous designs, but as clock speeds increase, many elements that once were treated as ideal cannot be treated in this manner any longer. Digital system designers are faced with critical issues dea ...
ch03 - Computer Science Department
... – V.34, one of the robust V standards, includes multiple data rates (up to 28.8 kbps) and a handshaking sequence that tests the circuit and determines the optimum data rate. V.34+ increases the max. to 33.6 kbps • Modems also use data compression which looks for more efficient ways to encode redunda ...
... – V.34, one of the robust V standards, includes multiple data rates (up to 28.8 kbps) and a handshaking sequence that tests the circuit and determines the optimum data rate. V.34+ increases the max. to 33.6 kbps • Modems also use data compression which looks for more efficient ways to encode redunda ...
Clock Oscillator Basics
... random jitter is removed. The parameters shown below the waveforms read the nominal frequency of the oscillator, the peak to peak variation from the ideal interval, and the rms (standard deviation) of the variation. Also shown are the mean value of the supply voltage and the peak to peak ripple. As ...
... random jitter is removed. The parameters shown below the waveforms read the nominal frequency of the oscillator, the peak to peak variation from the ideal interval, and the rms (standard deviation) of the variation. Also shown are the mean value of the supply voltage and the peak to peak ripple. As ...
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering PP 45-50 www.iosrjournals.org
... It is responsible for energy storage in DC form. Battery, SMES, super capacitor, capacitor bank, flywheel capacitor use as an energy storage unit. It supplies the real power requirement of the system when DVR is the use of compensation. (C) Voltage source inverter The variable output voltage is achi ...
... It is responsible for energy storage in DC form. Battery, SMES, super capacitor, capacitor bank, flywheel capacitor use as an energy storage unit. It supplies the real power requirement of the system when DVR is the use of compensation. (C) Voltage source inverter The variable output voltage is achi ...
Measuring Power regulated by Zero Crossing SCR
... placed in a magnetic circuit such that the sensor is excited by a current proportional to the measured voltage and that the sensor is responding to the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit. That flux is proportional to the current. The output of the hall sensor in the magnetic circuit is proportion ...
... placed in a magnetic circuit such that the sensor is excited by a current proportional to the measured voltage and that the sensor is responding to the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit. That flux is proportional to the current. The output of the hall sensor in the magnetic circuit is proportion ...
CAT3637 - 6-Channel Programmable High Efficiency LED Driver
... inclusion of a 1.33x fractional charge pump mode increases device efficiency by up to 10% over traditional 1.5x charge pumps with no added external capacitors. Low noise input ripple is achieved by operating at a constant switching frequency which allows the use of small external ceramic capacitors. ...
... inclusion of a 1.33x fractional charge pump mode increases device efficiency by up to 10% over traditional 1.5x charge pumps with no added external capacitors. Low noise input ripple is achieved by operating at a constant switching frequency which allows the use of small external ceramic capacitors. ...
WinQuick 1022 - Sec-Tron
... Run the Setup.exe again and this time it will install the new software. Be sure to install the software into the same folder as before or follow the prompts and allow setup to install the software into the C:\WinDSX directory. Always close the program on all PC’s before updating software. Update the ...
... Run the Setup.exe again and this time it will install the new software. Be sure to install the software into the same folder as before or follow the prompts and allow setup to install the software into the C:\WinDSX directory. Always close the program on all PC’s before updating software. Update the ...
Beware of Zero-Crossover Switching of Transformers
... low value. Impedance then drops to little more than the DC resistance of the primary circuit. (This can hold true for any saturable reactance.) When an inductance whose core contains no remanent magnetism is initially energized at voltage peak, the rate-of-change of current (di/dt) generates maximum ...
... low value. Impedance then drops to little more than the DC resistance of the primary circuit. (This can hold true for any saturable reactance.) When an inductance whose core contains no remanent magnetism is initially energized at voltage peak, the rate-of-change of current (di/dt) generates maximum ...
PT2060 Monitor
... Communicate to PT2060 system racks Communicate to other control systems (PLC/DCS or Historian) Provides two phase references channels Provide storage of system and alarm events Virtual address configuration Speed output Signal of phase reference output with peak to peak Gap voltage output ...
... Communicate to PT2060 system racks Communicate to other control systems (PLC/DCS or Historian) Provides two phase references channels Provide storage of system and alarm events Virtual address configuration Speed output Signal of phase reference output with peak to peak Gap voltage output ...
a possible water depth measuring system using ultrasonic wave
... operational amplifier which is in inverting mode. The inverting op amp is designed for high gain nearly about 1500. The inverting op amp amplifies the signal from piezo electric crystal and the output of the op amp, the amplitude of the signal is about few milivolts. The output of the op amp is give ...
... operational amplifier which is in inverting mode. The inverting op amp is designed for high gain nearly about 1500. The inverting op amp amplifies the signal from piezo electric crystal and the output of the op amp, the amplitude of the signal is about few milivolts. The output of the op amp is give ...
Data Sheet 85001-0369 -- 202 Synchronized Strobe - D
... 3. GE Security recommends using the Typical Current for system design including NAC and Power Supply loading and voltage drop calculations. 4. Use the 16 Vdc RMS current ratings for filtered power supply and battery AH calculations. Use the 16 Vfwr RMS current ratings for unfiltered power supply ...
... 3. GE Security recommends using the Typical Current for system design including NAC and Power Supply loading and voltage drop calculations. 4. Use the 16 Vdc RMS current ratings for filtered power supply and battery AH calculations. Use the 16 Vfwr RMS current ratings for unfiltered power supply ...
Chapter 11 Balanced Three-Phase Circuits
... Three-Phase Circuits Measuring Average Power in ThreePhase Circuits ...
... Three-Phase Circuits Measuring Average Power in ThreePhase Circuits ...
The Losses at Power Grid Caused by Small Nonlinear Loads
... fast in fields where relatively small investment provides huge savings of energy. The classical example represents incandescent lamps. Namely about 20% world consumption of energy is related to the light [2]. Therefore, this area represents the best place for involving a new technology for energy sa ...
... fast in fields where relatively small investment provides huge savings of energy. The classical example represents incandescent lamps. Namely about 20% world consumption of energy is related to the light [2]. Therefore, this area represents the best place for involving a new technology for energy sa ...
Overview of High Performance Analog Optocouplers
... impact on the tuned circuit. The audio voltage is developed across RS (27 kohm). The simple RC filter formed by RS and 0.1 µF capacitor filters out the RF component and passes the audio component for the headphones. If necessary, one can connect an additional amplification stage, along with further ...
... impact on the tuned circuit. The audio voltage is developed across RS (27 kohm). The simple RC filter formed by RS and 0.1 µF capacitor filters out the RF component and passes the audio component for the headphones. If necessary, one can connect an additional amplification stage, along with further ...
XR Series: 2 kW to 10 kW - Magna
... The high slew rate option solves several limitations inherent in switching power supply design. Rapid voltage transitions require internal electronics to supply the energy to charge and discharge output capacitors. Peak currents internal to the power supply define slew rate; utilizing less capacitan ...
... The high slew rate option solves several limitations inherent in switching power supply design. Rapid voltage transitions require internal electronics to supply the energy to charge and discharge output capacitors. Peak currents internal to the power supply define slew rate; utilizing less capacitan ...
A Novel Structure of Wide-Swing CMOS Voltage Buffer
... “flipped voltage follower” by the fact that a bias current IB is injected to drain instead of source terminals of MA. Compared with the traditional source follower circuit, following behavior of the circuit in Fig.1a is far better because the drain current of MA is regulated by constant current sour ...
... “flipped voltage follower” by the fact that a bias current IB is injected to drain instead of source terminals of MA. Compared with the traditional source follower circuit, following behavior of the circuit in Fig.1a is far better because the drain current of MA is regulated by constant current sour ...
Sensorless position control of permanent magnet motors with
... the coordinate transformation of the vector current control and for the injection of the high-frequency current signal. The LUT values were obtained using equation (6) together with the measured inductances. It can be also derived directly during the experiments. As a matter of fact the compensating ...
... the coordinate transformation of the vector current control and for the injection of the high-frequency current signal. The LUT values were obtained using equation (6) together with the measured inductances. It can be also derived directly during the experiments. As a matter of fact the compensating ...
Pulse-width modulation
Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.