• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Designing High Speed Analog Signal Chains from
Designing High Speed Analog Signal Chains from

AN1709 APPLICATION NOTE EMC DESIGN GUIDE FOR ST MICROCONTROLLERS
AN1709 APPLICATION NOTE EMC DESIGN GUIDE FOR ST MICROCONTROLLERS

... 2.1.2 Latch-Up (LU) 2.1.2.1 Static Latch-Up (LU) test: The Latch-up is a phenomenon which is defined by a high current consumption resulting from an overstress that triggers a parasitic thyristor structure and need a disconnection of the power supply to recover the initial state. NOTES 1 The overstr ...
DATA SHEET DATA SHEET
DATA SHEET DATA SHEET

... These are the two most common ratings for resistors. This power rating is measured in units of the WATT. A third way, one that is not often shown, is a voltage rating. The resistor is rated in the maximum amount of VOLTAGE that can be placed across its terminals, or wires, before it fails. The final ...
Transmission and Distribution Networks: AC versus DC - SOLAREC-E
Transmission and Distribution Networks: AC versus DC - SOLAREC-E

... Alternating current (AC) offered much better efficiency, since it could easily be transformed to higher voltages, with far less loss of power. AC technology was soon accepted as the only feasible technology for generation, transmission and distribution of electrical energy. ...
References - Carollo Engineers
References - Carollo Engineers

... modeling, because as motors turn on and off, the system parameters are changing. When looking at a system with three motors of different sizes, there are potentially 7 different operating scenarios. If this concept is applied an entire facility with many loads, the number of operating conditions is ...
Low power voltage detector
Low power voltage detector

TPS2838 数据资料 dataSheet 下载
TPS2838 数据资料 dataSheet 下载

... ENABLE, IN, and SYNC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −0.3 V to 16 V VDRV, PWRRDY, and DELAY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −0.3 V to 16 V DT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
sinamics v20
sinamics v20

... • Simple connection and application macros can be selected instead of configuring long complic­ated parameter lists • Errors caused by wrong parameter settings can be avoided ...
sinamics v20
sinamics v20

... • Simple connection and application macros can be selected instead of configuring long complic­ated parameter lists • Errors caused by wrong parameter settings can be avoided ...
Control of Harmonics in 6-Pulse Rectifiers
Control of Harmonics in 6-Pulse Rectifiers

... effects of harmonic distortion, IEEE Std 519-1992 recommends the amount of harmonics that is acceptable in the power system. IEEE Std 519-1992 suggests that an individual harmonic distortion to be under 3% and the total harmonic distortion, THD, to be under 5% of the fundamental component. Harmonic ...
Microwave Radio Telescope Projects
Microwave Radio Telescope Projects

... sending a signal down a feeder to the receiver some distance away. There is a down side to this. The LNB is mounted via a short feed horn right at the focus of the dish. Normally this is no problem, but if we are to observe the Sun for any length of time, the reflected energy, particularly infrared ...
Selector Guide
Selector Guide

... Selectable with shorting jumpers on power supply printed circuit board (normal setting 10 VDC) 5 VDC, ±5%, 100 mA max., 10 VDC, ±5%, 120 mA max., 24 VDC, ±5%, 50 mA max. Safety rated to 250 VAC, 4.2 kV peak per high voltage test Power is provided by meter, update rate is 56 / second at 60 Hz, 47 / s ...
High Speed, Isolated RS-485 Transceiver with Integrated Transformer Driver ADM2485
High Speed, Isolated RS-485 Transceiver with Integrated Transformer Driver ADM2485

... The ADM2485 differential bus transceiver is an integrated, galvanically isolated component designed for bidirectional data communication on multipoint bus transmission lines. It is designed for balanced transmission lines and complies with ANSI/TIA/EIA RS-485-A-98 and ISO 8482:1987(E). The device em ...
Mini MegaPAC User Guide
Mini MegaPAC User Guide

... 230 Vac, or can be manually strapped for operation as a voltage doubler on 115 Vac, delivering unregulated 300 Vdc to a high voltage backplane. The backplane supplies power to a variety of ConverterPAC assemblies that provide the desired low voltage, regulated outputs. Voltage conversion in the outp ...
GLOSSARY
GLOSSARY

... CROSS MODULATION - Intermodulation caused by modulation of the carrier by an undesired signal wave. CROSS POLARIZATION - or "Cross Pole", is a monopulse jamming technique where a cross-polarized signal is transmitted to give erroneous angle data to the radar. The component of the jamming signal with ...
HMC284MS8G / 284MS8GE
HMC284MS8G / 284MS8GE

... 1. Set A/B control to 0/+5V, Vdd = +5V and use HCT series logic to provide a TTL driver interface. 2. Control inputs A/B can be driven directly with CMOS logic (HC) with Vdd = +5 Volts applied to the CMOS logic gates. 3. DC blocking capacitors are required for each RF port as shown. Capacitor value ...
UNIVERSAL DIGITAL METER • DC Volts and Amps • Thermocouples and RTDs
UNIVERSAL DIGITAL METER • DC Volts and Amps • Thermocouples and RTDs

... Selectable with shorting jumpers on power supply printed circuit board (normal setting 10 VDC) 5 VDC, ±5%, 100 mA max., 10 VDC, ±5%, 120 mA max., 24 VDC, ±5%, 50 mA max. Safety rated to 250 VAC, 4.2 kV peak per high voltage test Power is provided by meter, update rate is 56 / second at 60 Hz, 47 / s ...
Why 700 DC?
Why 700 DC?

Switching, Thermals and Other Topics
Switching, Thermals and Other Topics

... Set the power supply output to zero. This is important! [You don’t want to burn out the coil before you begin the experiment.] Connect the switch contacts to the dmm, and set the dmm to read OHMS on the lowest range and with the most digits of resolution. For the Agilent 34401A, use Autorange, 6 dig ...
SIGNALS AND NOISE
SIGNALS AND NOISE

... The grounding of audio equipment is there for one primary purpose: to keep you alive. If something goes horribly wrong inside one of those devices and winds up connecting the 120 V AC from the wall to the box (chassis) itself, and you come along and touch the front panel while standing in a pool of ...
Presentation Slides
Presentation Slides

...  UL 1703 - Flat-Plate Photovoltaic Modules and Panels ...
A Slot Harmonic Detection with an Empirical Formula to Extend the
A Slot Harmonic Detection with an Empirical Formula to Extend the

... Also, because of advances in solid state power devices and digital signal processors, variable speed drives using switching power converters are becoming increasingly popular. Switching power converters offer an easy way to regulate both the frequency and magnitude of the voltage and current applied ...
Choosing an Appropriate Pull-up/Pull-down
Choosing an Appropriate Pull-up/Pull-down

... Figure 4. Reset Output Equivalent Circuit (Reset High) Using Figure 4 to find the minimum value for RPull-down, it is assumed that Q1 is turned on so that VRESET is shorted to VCC. In reality, Q1 has a saturation voltage that will cause VRESET to be lower than VCC. VRESET must be high enough to be r ...
FEATURES DESCRIPTION D
FEATURES DESCRIPTION D

... requires approximately 400µs to achieve specified VOS accuracy, which includes one full auto-zero cycle of approximately 100µs and the start-up time for the bias circuitry. Prior to this time, the amplifier will function properly but with unspecified offset voltage. This design has virtually no alia ...
iCE40 Hardware Checklist
iCE40 Hardware Checklist

... © 2016 Lattice Semiconductor Corp. All Lattice trademarks, registered trademarks, patents, and disclaimers are as listed at www.latticesemi.com/legal. All other brand or product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. The specifications and information herein are s ...
< 1 ... 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 ... 1202 >

Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report