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Maharashtra Institute Of Technology, Aurangabad LABORATORY
Maharashtra Institute Of Technology, Aurangabad LABORATORY

Overview of Sensor Signal Paths
Overview of Sensor Signal Paths

... A variety of techniques are used to measure current, but by far the most popular is with a current-sense resistor. The basic principle of this approach is to amplify the voltage drop across the current-sense resistor by using an op-amp-based differential gain stage, and then to measure the resulting ...
AD5749 Industrial Current Out Driver, Single-Supply, 55 V Maximum Supply, Programmable Ranges
AD5749 Industrial Current Out Driver, Single-Supply, 55 V Maximum Supply, Programmable Ranges

... Resistor Select (RSET). In hardware mode, this pin selects whether the internal or the external current sense resistor is used. If RSET = 0, the external sense resistor is chosen. If RSET = 1, the internal sense resistor is chosen. Serial Clock Input (SCLK). In software mode, data is clocked into th ...
Wind turbine power generation emulation via doubly fed induction
Wind turbine power generation emulation via doubly fed induction

... used to provide an optimized rotor speed for a given wind speed. For our application we will show that the DFIG rotor speed can be controlled (subsynchronous, synchronous or supersynchronous) for any given input torque and thus distributes the power generated by the DFIG as predicted between the rot ...
Document - UCF EECS
Document - UCF EECS

... and problem solving that a low cost 3D Printer can have. This will be accomplished by designing a 3D printer that can still compete with existing yet expensive 3D printers in the market. A 3D Printer is simply a device that can translate a three dimensional design on a computer and physically print ...
LME49723 数据资料 dataSheet 下载
LME49723 数据资料 dataSheet 下载

Design Techniques for 50GS/s ADC
Design Techniques for 50GS/s ADC

UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY SPECIFICATIONS
UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY SPECIFICATIONS

... following specifications for which MEPPI has not approved or authorized such modifications. Further, MEPPI shall not be liable for any special, incidental, indirect, punitive or consequential damages arising out of or in connection with the use of such specifications. Copyright © 2008, Mitsubishi El ...
SD12 Features Mechanical Data
SD12 Features Mechanical Data

... Diodes Incorporated products are specifically not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without the express written approval of the Chief Executive Officer of Diodes Incorporated. As used herein: A. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which: ...
MX15 Series AC and DC Power Source User Manual
MX15 Series AC and DC Power Source User Manual

LMV1091 数据资料 dataSheet 下载
LMV1091 数据资料 dataSheet 下载

... (see Figure 8). Which means the far field sound source is equidistance from the two microphones. This configuration allows the amplitude of the far field signal to be equal at the two microphone inputs, however a slight phase difference may still exist. To simulate a real world application a slight ...
Fuses – Introductory Information
Fuses – Introductory Information

... in the fuse enclosure, either as a straight wire or wound on a supporting material or as a wave shaped wire. The rated current is significantly determined by the diameter of the fuse-element. For enclosed fuse styles (glass, ceramic or plastic enclosures), the rated breaking capacity is controlled b ...
Chapter 4 Analog CMOS Subcircuits 4.1 MOS Switch
Chapter 4 Analog CMOS Subcircuits 4.1 MOS Switch

... Fig. 4.1-9(a). Figure 4.1-9(b) illustrates modeling a transistor with the channel symbolized as a resistor, Rchannel, and gate-channel coupling capacitance denoted Cchannel. The characters of Cchannel and Rchannel depend upon the terminal conditions of the device. The gate-channel coupling is distri ...
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AP7217
AP7217

... to have excellent transient response for most applications with a small amount of output capacitance. The AP7217 is stable with any small ceramic output capacitors of 1.0μF or higher value, and the temperature coefficients of X7R or X5R type. Additional capacitance helps to reduce undershoot and ove ...
Electrosurgical generators
Electrosurgical generators

... Another way to quantitatively describe either continuous or modulated waveforms is to use the term crest factor. The crest factor is the ratio of a waveform’s peak amplitude to its average amplitude (also known as the peak-to-average power ratio). Currents with low crest factors are typically associ ...
IAR Embedded Workbench ® IAR Debugging probes User Guide
IAR Embedded Workbench ® IAR Debugging probes User Guide

... Note: No harm is done if the above order is reversed. To prevent damage, the target GND and the USB host GND must be at the same level. When hot-plugging, make sure that the PC and the target board power supply are connected to the same grounded wall outlet or a common grounded desktop power strip. ...
Aalborg Universitet Connected Inverter Systems
Aalborg Universitet Connected Inverter Systems

Uninterruptible Power Supplies
Uninterruptible Power Supplies

... NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipm ...
MX15 Series AC and DC Power Source User Manual
MX15 Series AC and DC Power Source User Manual

Ladda PDF Lärdomsprov som heltext
Ladda PDF Lärdomsprov som heltext

AD9224 数据手册DataSheet下载
AD9224 数据手册DataSheet下载

KT33814UG, KIT33814AEEVBE Evaluation Board
KT33814UG, KIT33814AEEVBE Evaluation Board

... to access inputs, outputs, and supply terminals. This EVB may be used with any development system or other source of I/O signals by simply connecting it to the host MCU or computer board via off-the-shelf cables. This EVB is not a Reference Design and is not intended to represent a final design reco ...
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Assembly and User Manual

5_Lighting technologies
5_Lighting technologies

... ― easy to use, small and does not need auxiliary equipment ― easy to dim by changing the voltage ― excellent color rendering properties ― directly work at power supplies with fixed voltage ― free of toxic components ― instant switching Disadvantages of incandescent lamps: ...
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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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