Gordon_SCS_ITF_GRL12_2012GL052021.pdf
... 2010]. While seasonal and interannual Makassar throughflow fluctuations are common, a particularly dramatic shift was recorded in 2008 and 2009, as the thermocline maximum throughflow strengthen and shoaled (Figure 2). We describe the 2008/09 profile and propose, with the support of HYCOM [Chassigne ...
... 2010]. While seasonal and interannual Makassar throughflow fluctuations are common, a particularly dramatic shift was recorded in 2008 and 2009, as the thermocline maximum throughflow strengthen and shoaled (Figure 2). We describe the 2008/09 profile and propose, with the support of HYCOM [Chassigne ...
09_AtmosphericCirculation
... population, which in turn led to a collapse of other fish populations, which in turn led to a collapse of seabird and marine mammal populations. • Adult seabirds abandoned their young on Kiribati. ...
... population, which in turn led to a collapse of other fish populations, which in turn led to a collapse of seabird and marine mammal populations. • Adult seabirds abandoned their young on Kiribati. ...
PDF
... negative PDO pattern during the winter 2008/09 and 1983. The warming in 2009 is somewhat unusual in spring 2009, characterized by a horseshoe pattern of the sense that it occurred during the El Niño year, positive SSTA extending from the equatorial western rather than in the year after El Niño. Paci ...
... negative PDO pattern during the winter 2008/09 and 1983. The warming in 2009 is somewhat unusual in spring 2009, characterized by a horseshoe pattern of the sense that it occurred during the El Niño year, positive SSTA extending from the equatorial western rather than in the year after El Niño. Paci ...
The marine ecosystem off Peru: What are the secrets of its fishery
... ‘‘Ekman depth” (Table 1, column ‘f’), the derivation of which presumes a homogenous fluid and depth-independent eddy viscosity (Ekman, 1905), both of which are tenuous assumptions in a real ocean situation. If one accepts this estimate of the layer depth, the increase in residence time at near-equato ...
... ‘‘Ekman depth” (Table 1, column ‘f’), the derivation of which presumes a homogenous fluid and depth-independent eddy viscosity (Ekman, 1905), both of which are tenuous assumptions in a real ocean situation. If one accepts this estimate of the layer depth, the increase in residence time at near-equato ...
UNDERSTANDING EL NIÑO IN OCEAN–ATMOSPHERE GENERAL
... Despite this progress, recent multimodel analyses show that serious systematic errors in the simulated background climate (time mean and annual cycle; see the sidebar “Tropical Pacific mean state and annual cycle performance in CGCMs” below for more information) as well as in the simulated natural v ...
... Despite this progress, recent multimodel analyses show that serious systematic errors in the simulated background climate (time mean and annual cycle; see the sidebar “Tropical Pacific mean state and annual cycle performance in CGCMs” below for more information) as well as in the simulated natural v ...
understanding el niño in ocean–atmosphere general
... Despite this progress, recent multimodel analyses show that serious systematic errors in the simulated background climate (time mean and annual cycle; see the sidebar “Tropical Pacific mean state and annual cycle performance in CGCMs” below for more information) as well as in the simulated natural v ...
... Despite this progress, recent multimodel analyses show that serious systematic errors in the simulated background climate (time mean and annual cycle; see the sidebar “Tropical Pacific mean state and annual cycle performance in CGCMs” below for more information) as well as in the simulated natural v ...
Assessment of the Effects of Large- scale Climate Oscillations on the
... leads to drier conditions along the eastern coasts of New Zealand and higher than normal rainfall along the west coast of the South Island. The opposite is true for the negative phase of the IPO. Sea surface temperatures in the western Pacific cool and more easterly and northeasterly flows over New ...
... leads to drier conditions along the eastern coasts of New Zealand and higher than normal rainfall along the west coast of the South Island. The opposite is true for the negative phase of the IPO. Sea surface temperatures in the western Pacific cool and more easterly and northeasterly flows over New ...
May 2017 Greg Jones Climate Report
... ENSO Watch – Updates on ENSO from governmental agencies have not been released as of this report, but the tropical Pacific remains close to neutral conditions where the equatorial sea surface temperatures (SSTs) are near average to slightly above average across the central and east-central Pacific. ...
... ENSO Watch – Updates on ENSO from governmental agencies have not been released as of this report, but the tropical Pacific remains close to neutral conditions where the equatorial sea surface temperatures (SSTs) are near average to slightly above average across the central and east-central Pacific. ...
pices xv - North Pacific Marine Science Organization
... Widespread multi-annual-scale synchronies in population abundance and/or productivity variations have been apparent in marine ecosystems, most notably in the 1970s to mid-1980s. Some manner of climatic synchronizing agent seems required. Indeed the period from the early 1970s to mid-1980s was a peri ...
... Widespread multi-annual-scale synchronies in population abundance and/or productivity variations have been apparent in marine ecosystems, most notably in the 1970s to mid-1980s. Some manner of climatic synchronizing agent seems required. Indeed the period from the early 1970s to mid-1980s was a peri ...
Changed reproductive schedule of eastern Pacific
... leatherbacks, or indeed any other resource-limited marine animal. Saba et al. (2007) combined a longterm leatherback turtle nesting dataset from Pacific Costa Rica with sea surface temperature data from the equatorial Pacific to construct a remigration probability model. This showed that changes in ...
... leatherbacks, or indeed any other resource-limited marine animal. Saba et al. (2007) combined a longterm leatherback turtle nesting dataset from Pacific Costa Rica with sea surface temperature data from the equatorial Pacific to construct a remigration probability model. This showed that changes in ...
Effect of air-sea forcing on tropical ocean mixed layer depth (MLD
... The purpose of this study was to examine the variation of ocean surface layer via the Mixed Layer Depth (MLD) dynamics on monthly and annual timescales in the tropical Global Ocean using temperature-‐depth measurements from 1984 to 2006. We demonstrate ...
... The purpose of this study was to examine the variation of ocean surface layer via the Mixed Layer Depth (MLD) dynamics on monthly and annual timescales in the tropical Global Ocean using temperature-‐depth measurements from 1984 to 2006. We demonstrate ...
Document
... Like all biological communities we can see changes in abundances of species between years. Of the large copepods that dominate the spring, the largest, Neocalanus cristatus, shows no significant pattern across years, while the slightly smaller N. plumchrus/flemingeri show significantly higher abunda ...
... Like all biological communities we can see changes in abundances of species between years. Of the large copepods that dominate the spring, the largest, Neocalanus cristatus, shows no significant pattern across years, while the slightly smaller N. plumchrus/flemingeri show significantly higher abunda ...
The importance of ENSO phase during volcanic eruptions
... that this overestimation can be explained as a sampling issue, arising because all large eruptions since 1951 coincided with El Niño events, which cause global-scale warming that partially counteracts the volcanically induced cooling. By subsampling the CMIP5 models according to the observed El Niño ...
... that this overestimation can be explained as a sampling issue, arising because all large eruptions since 1951 coincided with El Niño events, which cause global-scale warming that partially counteracts the volcanically induced cooling. By subsampling the CMIP5 models according to the observed El Niño ...
Currents and Climate
... is the Gulf Stream in the North Atlantic Ocean. It is caused by strong winds from the west. The Gulf Stream carries warm water from the Gulf of Mexico to the Caribbean Sea, then northward along the coast of the United States. This current keeps Northern Europe much warmer in the winter than it would ...
... is the Gulf Stream in the North Atlantic Ocean. It is caused by strong winds from the west. The Gulf Stream carries warm water from the Gulf of Mexico to the Caribbean Sea, then northward along the coast of the United States. This current keeps Northern Europe much warmer in the winter than it would ...
Slide 1
... • We use longer term time series of SST and SSS from Race Rocks to evaluate correlations between Puget Sound properties and local to large-scale forcing parameters – Local air temperature is highly correlated with SST, while freshwater inflow is highly correlated with SSS – Large-scale influences (i ...
... • We use longer term time series of SST and SSS from Race Rocks to evaluate correlations between Puget Sound properties and local to large-scale forcing parameters – Local air temperature is highly correlated with SST, while freshwater inflow is highly correlated with SSS – Large-scale influences (i ...
El Niño Southern Oscillation
... The major ocean current along Australia’s west coast is the southward flowing Leeuwin Current (Cresswell and Golding, 1980). It is driven by the large longshore pressure gradient along the Western Australian continental shelf created by the throughflow from the western tropical Pacific Ocean to the ...
... The major ocean current along Australia’s west coast is the southward flowing Leeuwin Current (Cresswell and Golding, 1980). It is driven by the large longshore pressure gradient along the Western Australian continental shelf created by the throughflow from the western tropical Pacific Ocean to the ...
A Preventable Crisis: El Niño and La Niña events need earlier
... • Underlying this is chronic poverty, high inequality and poor governance. Rain-fed agriculture accounts for more than 95 percent of farmed land in sub-Saharan Africa and 90 percent in Latin America,2 where unpredictable rain patterns and drought are increasing due to climate change—yet many governm ...
... • Underlying this is chronic poverty, high inequality and poor governance. Rain-fed agriculture accounts for more than 95 percent of farmed land in sub-Saharan Africa and 90 percent in Latin America,2 where unpredictable rain patterns and drought are increasing due to climate change—yet many governm ...
CHAPTER 7 Ocean Circulation Fig. CO7
... El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO): Warm phase (El Niño) ...
... El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO): Warm phase (El Niño) ...
Observed Climate Variability and Trends
... a clear signal of warming over the past 50 years, with most stations warming at a rate between +0.08 and +0.20°C per decade over this time, consistent with global trends. • Rainfall across the region has increased and decreased in response to natural climate variability. Over the past 50 years, rai ...
... a clear signal of warming over the past 50 years, with most stations warming at a rate between +0.08 and +0.20°C per decade over this time, consistent with global trends. • Rainfall across the region has increased and decreased in response to natural climate variability. Over the past 50 years, rai ...
North Pacific Climate Overview N. Bond (UW/JISAO) Contact
... development of strongly positive SST anomalies south of Alaska. This warming was caused by unusually quiet weather conditions during the winter of 2013-14 in the region in association with a weak Aleutian low, and abnormally high SLP off the coast of the Pacific Northwest. The result was much reduce ...
... development of strongly positive SST anomalies south of Alaska. This warming was caused by unusually quiet weather conditions during the winter of 2013-14 in the region in association with a weak Aleutian low, and abnormally high SLP off the coast of the Pacific Northwest. The result was much reduce ...
Have the Tropical Pacific Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions
... Milankovitch changes in the solar insolation. The calculation demonstrated that the amplitude and frequency of El Niño or La Niña varied in response to a precessional cycle (calculated NINO3 in Fig. 2). This finding suggests that the tropical Pacific can drive globally synchronous climate change on ...
... Milankovitch changes in the solar insolation. The calculation demonstrated that the amplitude and frequency of El Niño or La Niña varied in response to a precessional cycle (calculated NINO3 in Fig. 2). This finding suggests that the tropical Pacific can drive globally synchronous climate change on ...
CB-48 - Climate Science: Roger Pielke Sr.
... teleconnections can be defined to occur in two ways. First, the atmosphere and oceans organize themselves into coherent circulations on a variety of time and spatial scales. These include the Hadley cell, subtropical jet streams, monsoons, sea and mountain breezes and the oceanic thermohaline circul ...
... teleconnections can be defined to occur in two ways. First, the atmosphere and oceans organize themselves into coherent circulations on a variety of time and spatial scales. These include the Hadley cell, subtropical jet streams, monsoons, sea and mountain breezes and the oceanic thermohaline circul ...
El Niño
El Niño /ɛl ˈniːnjoʊ/ (Spanish pronunciation: [el ˈniɲo]) is the warm phase of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (commonly called ENSO) and is associated with a band of warm ocean water that develops in the central and east-central equatorial Pacific (between approximately the International Date Line and 120°W), including off the Pacific coast of South America. El Niño Southern Oscillation refers to the cycle of warm and cold temperatures, as measured by sea surface temperature, SST, of the tropical central and eastern Pacific Ocean. El Niño is accompanied by high air pressure in the western Pacific and low air pressure in the eastern Pacific. The cool phase of ENSO is called ""La Niña"" with SST in the eastern Pacific below average and air pressures high in the eastern and low in western Pacific. The ENSO cycle, both El Niño and La Niña, causes global changes of both temperatures and rainfall. Mechanisms that cause the oscillation remain under study.Developing countries dependent upon agriculture and fishing, particularly those bordering the Pacific Ocean, are the most affected. In Spanish, the capitalized term ""El Niño"" refers to the Christ child, ""el Niño Jesús"" (literal translation ""The Boy""). La Niña, chosen as the 'opposite' of El Niño, literally means ""The Girl"". El Niño was so named because periodic warming in the Pacific near South America is often noticed around Christmas.A recent study has reported a robust tendency to more frequent extreme El Niños, occurring in agreement with a separate recent model prediction for the future.