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Contagion, Herding and Exchange-rate Instability
Contagion, Herding and Exchange-rate Instability

... early work on currency crises, initiated by Krugman,3 is characterised by inconsistencies in fundamental macroeconomic variables with the maintenance of a currency peg. In these first generation models, the government runs a lax fiscal policy and finances the deficit by printing money. As a consequence, ...
2. I  E D
2. I E D

... The effects of the global economic recovery on commodity prices, albeit marginal, have been observed since the second quarter. The upsurge in industrial metal prices during this period was largely driven by the recovery of the Chinese economy, while, in the upcoming period, the course of commodity p ...
Working Paper 74 – The Great Exchange Rate Debate after
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... crawling bands, and pegged-but-adjustable systems -- were very popular among policy makers and economists in the emerging countries. All of this changed in the late-1990s when as a result of successive currency crises a number of authors began to argue that in a world of high capital mobility, middl ...
Consumption Baskets and Currency Choice in International Borrowing
Consumption Baskets and Currency Choice in International Borrowing

... reasonable degree of price stickiness, these shares respectively become 20% and 80%. This suggests that our “consumption basket effect” can potentially have a significant impact on an emerging economy’s currency denomination of external debt. 2. Related literature A large volume of empirical literat ...
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Full Issue - Expert Journal of Economics

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Foreign exchange turnover: trends in New Zealand and abroad

Chapter 10 - University of Alberta
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... world economies: – international trade in goods and services; – worldwide integration of financial markets. ...
Key Development at a Glance - Claremont Graduate University
Key Development at a Glance - Claremont Graduate University

... 2.More market force for exchange rate determination mechanism A.Continue to make the actual supply of the market meet the actual demand. ---To eliminate the restrictions to the purchase/sales of for eign currency ---To promote the liberalization of capital account to realize the actual demand of res ...
Financial Crises in Emerging Market Economies
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... economies are often sown when countries liberalize their domestic financial systems by eliminating restrictions on financial institutions and markets, a process known as financial liberalization, and opening up their economies to flows of capital and financial firms from other nations, a process cal ...
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... and thus a currency depreciation. But arbitrage in the foreign exchange market then implies that the currency must depreciate in the current period as well. In other words, if people believe that the currency will depreciate, it may indeed depreciate. Multiple short-run equilibria in the market for ...
Working Paper 12-15: Choice and Coercion in East Asian Exchange
Working Paper 12-15: Choice and Coercion in East Asian Exchange

... The exchange rate policies of East Asian states have far-reaching ramifications for international relations within the region, for their relations outside the region, and for the structure of the world economy. Many Asian states have somewhat famously kept their currencies competitively valued throu ...
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Yen Bloc or Yuan Bloc

... Asia.2 Among the various proposals, one of the most ambitious is to form a currency union in East Asia, and many countries in the region, including Japan, have expressed interest in the idea.3 The exchange rate regime of East Asian countries has important economic implications for Japan. The de fact ...
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8 - of Planning Commission

... The need for multilateral consultations to deal with global imbalances was recognized in the middle of the last decade when the United States current account deficit rose year after year, reaching 6 per cent of GDP in 2005. There was widespread concern that if these large imbalances, affecting the m ...
Exchange Rate Regime Choice in Historical Perspective
Exchange Rate Regime Choice in Historical Perspective

... countries hit by crises had pegged exchange rates. According to the trilemma view, the crises were a signal that open capital markets, monetary independence and pegs were incompatible as had been the case with the advanced countries in Bretton Woods and the ERM in 1992. Consequently many observers ...
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Peso: depreciation vs. inflation

... On  August  11,  2015,  the  Chinese  government  announced  a  2%  devaluation  of  the  Yuan  (also  known  as  renminbi),   as  the  beginning  of  a  move  towards  flotation  of  the  currency,  so  that  it  be  included  in  the  basket  of  reserve  currencies   recognized  by  the  Internat ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES G7 CURRENT ACCOUNT IMBALANCES: SUSTAINABILITY AND ADJUSTMENT
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES G7 CURRENT ACCOUNT IMBALANCES: SUSTAINABILITY AND ADJUSTMENT

... noted that there was range of opinion concerning how large a role such revaluation effects would play in the adjustment process. The eleven papers written for the project fall into three broad categories and are thus arranged in the volume in three sections. Section One: Origins of G7 Current Accou ...
SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS TO CHAPTER 7 PROBLEMS
SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS TO CHAPTER 7 PROBLEMS

open economy
open economy

Is the Chinese currency, the renminbi, dangerously undervalued
Is the Chinese currency, the renminbi, dangerously undervalued

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Topic H

... level of risk may depend upon various factors, including the scale of operations of the business and the degree to which its proprietors or shareholders are risk-averse. • (b) Secondly, a business may wish to avoid particular kinds of risks. For example, a business may be averse to taking risks with ...
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Chapter 5: Open Economy (A Long Run Model for Small Open

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Previous International Exchange

... then be offered in the exchange market to augment the supply of pounds. • IMF borrowing The needed pounds might be borrowed from the IMF. Nations participating in the Bretton Woods system were required to make contributions to the IMF based on the size of their national income, population, and volum ...
1 Grexit: why it will not happen
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... Severe  cash  constraints  faced  by  the  Greek  government  due  to  a  pretty  demanding  schedule  of  interest  and  amortization  payments  in  the  remainder  of  2015  have  lately  engineered  a  new  increase  in  sovereign  bond  spreads  and  rekindled  fears  of  a  “Graccident” down th ...
The Concepts, Consequences, and Determinants of Currency
The Concepts, Consequences, and Determinants of Currency

Spot Market
Spot Market

... Provides us with a benchmark for interpreting crossborder capital movements. Simple but quite useful - will be revisited later in ...
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Currency War of 2009–11

The Currency War of 2009–2011 is an episode of competitive devaluation which became prominent in September 2010. Competitive devaluation involves states competing with each other to achieve a relatively low valuation for their own currency, so as to assist their domestic industry. With the financial crises of 2008 the export sectors of many emerging economies have experienced declining orders, and from 2009 several states began or increased their levels of intervention to push down their currencies.Both private sector analysts and politicians including Tim Geithner have suggested the phrase currency war overstates the extent of hostility, but the term has been widely used by the media since Brazil's finance ministers Guido Mantega September 2010 announcement that a ""currency war"" had broken out.Other commentators including world statesmen such as Manmohan Singh and Guido Mantega suggested a currency war was indeed underway and that the leading participants are China and the US, though since 2009 many other states have been taking measures to either devalue or at least check the appreciation of their currencies. The US does not acknowledge that it is practicing competitive devaluation and its official policy is to let the dollar float freely. While the US has taken no direct action to devalue its currency, there is close to universal consensus among analysts that its quantitative easing programmes exert downwards pressure on the dollar.According to many analysts the currency war had largely fizzled out by mid-2011, though others including Mantega disagreed. As of March 2012, outbreaks of rhetoric have still been occurring, with additional measures being adopted by countries like Brazil to control the appreciation of their currency. Yet by June, there were signs that currency misalignment had been levelling out in China and across the world, with even Mantega relaxing some of Brazils anti-appreciation controls. Alarms were raised concerning a possible second 21st currency war in January 2013, this time with the most apparent tension being between Japan and the Euro-zone.
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