Adsorption and Desorption of DNA on Graphene Oxide
... signal.15 Such applications are possible because of two unique properties of GO. First, GO is capable of binding to ss-DNA with a high affinity; while the affinity for ds-DNA or well-folded ss-DNA is much lower. Second, GO is a universal fluorescence quencher;16 many organic dyes and quantum dots ca ...
... signal.15 Such applications are possible because of two unique properties of GO. First, GO is capable of binding to ss-DNA with a high affinity; while the affinity for ds-DNA or well-folded ss-DNA is much lower. Second, GO is a universal fluorescence quencher;16 many organic dyes and quantum dots ca ...
TCNQ-based Supramolecular Architectures at Metal Surfaces
... Molecular self-assembly at metal surfaces has been recognized as an e cient strategy to create supramolecular nanoarchitectures with promising functionalities. The focus of this thesis lies on the strong electron accepting molecule 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ). The self-assembly of TCNQ a ...
... Molecular self-assembly at metal surfaces has been recognized as an e cient strategy to create supramolecular nanoarchitectures with promising functionalities. The focus of this thesis lies on the strong electron accepting molecule 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ). The self-assembly of TCNQ a ...
Magic-angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of
... or strongly adsorbed by Lewis-acid sites. Vega and Luz'-~ studied zeolites of type H-RHO by 'H MAS NMR. They found after addition of small amounts of water on activated samples a narrow peak at 5.9 ppm and a broad signal at ca. 4 ppm, while at the highest loading the spectrum consists of two narrow ...
... or strongly adsorbed by Lewis-acid sites. Vega and Luz'-~ studied zeolites of type H-RHO by 'H MAS NMR. They found after addition of small amounts of water on activated samples a narrow peak at 5.9 ppm and a broad signal at ca. 4 ppm, while at the highest loading the spectrum consists of two narrow ...
Chapter 1: Aqueous Processing Systems
... reinvention of the wheel; progress is slowed, while the answer to our problem lies idle next door; we congratulate ourselves for achievements, which are really no breakthroughs. Secondly, university educators have to come to grips with the fact that we are not just educating for today but for tomorr ...
... reinvention of the wheel; progress is slowed, while the answer to our problem lies idle next door; we congratulate ourselves for achievements, which are really no breakthroughs. Secondly, university educators have to come to grips with the fact that we are not just educating for today but for tomorr ...
Surface Tension
... A molecule in the bulk liquid is subjected to attractive forces from all directions by the surrounding molecules. It is practically in a uniform field of force. But for the molecule at the surface of the liquid, the net attraction towards the bulk of the liquid is much greater than the attraction ...
... A molecule in the bulk liquid is subjected to attractive forces from all directions by the surrounding molecules. It is practically in a uniform field of force. But for the molecule at the surface of the liquid, the net attraction towards the bulk of the liquid is much greater than the attraction ...
Pressure-controlled motion of single polymers through solid
... Figure 1b presents the computer modeled forces on a DNA molecule, assumed parallel to the axis of the pore, vs. its radial distance from the pore center. The calculations refer to a pore of 10 nm diameter immersed in 1.6 M KCl at pH 9 and are performed using the Poisson-BoltzmannNavier-Stokes appro ...
... Figure 1b presents the computer modeled forces on a DNA molecule, assumed parallel to the axis of the pore, vs. its radial distance from the pore center. The calculations refer to a pore of 10 nm diameter immersed in 1.6 M KCl at pH 9 and are performed using the Poisson-BoltzmannNavier-Stokes appro ...
Structural Transformations of Zinc Oxide Layers on Pt(111)
... Pt(111)-(4 × 4) structure was often observed (see, for example, Figure 1b). Henceforth we refer to the respective structures as (6 × 6) and (4 × 4) for brevity. At first glance, the morphology of the ZnO films on Pt(111) is virtually identical to that previously reported by Weirum et al.6 for the Pd(1 ...
... Pt(111)-(4 × 4) structure was often observed (see, for example, Figure 1b). Henceforth we refer to the respective structures as (6 × 6) and (4 × 4) for brevity. At first glance, the morphology of the ZnO films on Pt(111) is virtually identical to that previously reported by Weirum et al.6 for the Pd(1 ...
Simulations of Si and SiO2 Etching in SF6+O2 Plasma
... During PCE of Si in SF6 +O2 plasma, competition between F and O atoms for active Si surface sites takes place [4, 5, 7]. The PCE of a Si(111) substrate in a plasma is considered. The PCE does not proceed by continuous removal of the outermost Si layer, but by the formation of ...
... During PCE of Si in SF6 +O2 plasma, competition between F and O atoms for active Si surface sites takes place [4, 5, 7]. The PCE of a Si(111) substrate in a plasma is considered. The PCE does not proceed by continuous removal of the outermost Si layer, but by the formation of ...
Modeling Surface Tension of Concentrated and
... 3. DEPENDENCE OF SURFACE TENSION ON ELECTROLYTE CONCENTRATION 3.1. The Gibbs Equation. In this study, a thermodynamicbased approach has been adopted to take into account the effect of electrolyte concentration on the surface tension of the solution. In the classical thermodynamic treatment of the va ...
... 3. DEPENDENCE OF SURFACE TENSION ON ELECTROLYTE CONCENTRATION 3.1. The Gibbs Equation. In this study, a thermodynamicbased approach has been adopted to take into account the effect of electrolyte concentration on the surface tension of the solution. In the classical thermodynamic treatment of the va ...
Theoretical Investigation of the Water
... processing for mobile fuel cell applications. Since the reaction is equilibrium-limited and exothermic, high conversions are favored by low temperatures. However, conventional low-temperature shift catalysts are not active enough. Reducible oxide supported small noble metal clusters have shown excel ...
... processing for mobile fuel cell applications. Since the reaction is equilibrium-limited and exothermic, high conversions are favored by low temperatures. However, conventional low-temperature shift catalysts are not active enough. Reducible oxide supported small noble metal clusters have shown excel ...
Mole-Mass Conversions
... What is the representative particles for the following substances ? (atoms, molecules, formula units) a. Manganese ...
... What is the representative particles for the following substances ? (atoms, molecules, formula units) a. Manganese ...
Adsorption
Adsorption is the adhesion of atoms, ions, or molecules from a gas, liquid, or dissolved solid to a surface. This process creates a film of the adsorbate on the surface of the adsorbent. This process differs from absorption, in which a fluid (the absorbate) permeates or is dissolved by a liquid or solid (the absorbent). Adsorption is a surface-based process while absorption involves the whole volume of the material. The term sorption encompasses both processes, while desorption is the reverse of it. Adsorption is a surface phenomenon.Similar to surface tension, adsorption is a consequence of surface energy. In a bulk material, all the bonding requirements (be they ionic, covalent, or metallic) of the constituent atoms of the material are filled by other atoms in the material. However, atoms on the surface of the adsorbent are not wholly surrounded by other adsorbent atoms and therefore can attract adsorbates. The exact nature of the bonding depends on the details of the species involved, but the adsorption process is generally classified as physisorption (characteristic of weak van der Waals forces) or chemisorption (characteristic of covalent bonding). It may also occur due to electrostatic attraction.Adsorption is present in many natural, physical, biological, and chemical systems, and is widely used in industrial applications such as activated charcoal, capturing and using waste heat to provide cold water for air conditioning and other process requirements (adsorption chillers), synthetic resins, increase storage capacity of carbide-derived carbons, and water purification. Adsorption, ion exchange, and chromatography are sorption processes in which certain adsorbates are selectively transferred from the fluid phase to the surface of insoluble, rigid particles suspended in a vessel or packed in a column. Pharmaceutical industry applications, which use adsorption as a means to prolong neurological exposure to specific drugs or parts thereof, are lesser known.However, it should be remarked that the distinction between adsorption and absorption vanishes as we go from perfectly crystalline macroscopic materials to porous/structured materials, aggregates and composites made out of increasingly smaller grains, viz., micron-sized particles to nanoparticles, sub-nano particles and finally molecules (or atoms). In such nano-composites, the internal surface area of particulate matter is very large. Then the adsorption on internal surfaces simply becomes absorption when viewed from the bulk. Then the distinction between adsorption and absorption vanishes. On the other hand, the distinction is clearest between bulk solids without internal structure, but having only surfaces where only adsorption can occur on the outer surfaces, and nanocomposites or aggregates with internal structure where absorption by the host material is simply adsorption on internal surfaces of the host material. As an example, we may consider a crystalline piece of silicon dioxide (quartz) which can adsorb water molecules on its surface. However, if the quartz is ground into very fine sand, the pile of sand (an aggregate) has a very large internal surface area. A very large amount of water can be adsorbed by the ""internal"" surfaces of the grains in the pile of sand, and this absorption is simply ""internal adsorption. If water is made to flow thorugh such a pile of sand, ions and toxins in the water may be preferentially adsorbed by the surfaces of the grains of sand, providing a simple, well-known water purification application.The word ""adsorption"" was coined in 1881 by German physicist Heinrich Kayser (1853-1940).