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Preventing noise induced hearing loss on farms
Preventing noise induced hearing loss on farms

... social and family relationships. Damaged hearing can contribute to a workplace accident if someone has trouble hearing warnings. People with hearing loss are less aware of their surroundings, which can also cause safety problems. NIHL happens over a long time. Unfortunately, hearing loss is permanen ...
The effects of noise on the auditory sensitivity of the bluegill sunfish
The effects of noise on the auditory sensitivity of the bluegill sunfish

... picture of the effects of noise exposure on the physiology of the auditory system. For example, Myrberg (1990) reported that many fish species have been found in the vicinity of offshore petroleum drilling platforms, which are considered quite noisy. He brings forth a pertinent question to consider: ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)

... Observations: In our study population, males are more affected than females. Bilateral involvement with gradual onset is more commonly seen. Mild and moderate deafness is observed more than moderately severe and severe deafness, the least is the profound deafness .Urban and urban slum are severely i ...
Part 16 Noise
Part 16 Noise

... and exhaust vents radiate more sound in one direction than another;  (c) sound from equipment may be transmitted by vibration;  (d) the  frequency  of  the  noise  has  a  large  impact  on  how  far  it  travels  from  the  source  as  well  as  the  measures  needed  to  control  it.  In  addition ...
Effects of Noise Exposure on the Auditory Function of
Effects of Noise Exposure on the Auditory Function of

... sound chamber before the experiment (pre-surgery, pre-noise). The auditory function of the rats was measured again after the OVX+N and Sham+N groups were exposed to noise (post-noise). All rats were sedated with intraperitoneal injections of 10% chloral hydrate ketamine (3 mL/kg body weight) for the ...
MIOSHA-STD-1210 (12/15) For further information 18 Pages Ph: 517-284-7740
MIOSHA-STD-1210 (12/15) For further information 18 Pages Ph: 517-284-7740

... Aweighted sound pressure to the square of the standard reference pressure of 20 micropascals and is expressed in units of dBA. (m) “Sound level meter” means an instrument for the measurement of sound level. (n) “Standard threshold shift” means a change in the hearing threshold relative to the baseli ...
Hearing Conservation Program
Hearing Conservation Program

... A change in hearing threshold, relative to the most recent audiogram for that employee, of an average of 10 decibels (dB) or more at 2000, 3000, and 4000 hertz in one or both ears and substantiated within 30 days with a follow-up audiogram. M. Time Weighted Average (TWA) The [equivalent] noise level ...
Physical Limits to Sensation and Perception
Physical Limits to Sensation and Perception

... the spectral density of the noise. The spectral density can also be defined by averaging the Fourier components2 of A(t): z~(~o)= ~dte+iO*A(t), (~’,(co)~(o9’)) = Sa(co)2n6(co+co’). Noise sources are often characterized by qualitative features of their spectra. Thus approximately contant S(~o) is ter ...
Spatial Receptive Fields of Primary Auditory Cortical Neurons in
Spatial Receptive Fields of Primary Auditory Cortical Neurons in

... detection performance rather than to derive information about the signal’s spatial location. There have been few reported psychophysical studies of masking of sound-source location or direction under continuous masking conditions. Good et al. (1997) and Good and Gilkey (1996) explored how in the fre ...
Hearing Conservation Program
Hearing Conservation Program

... employees in the Hearing Conservation Program to inform them of their status and to initiate audiometric testing requirements. This form is typically sent by the Program Administrator to employees on an annual basis at the time of their required hearing test. In situations of high worker mobility, v ...
Performance of Different Types of Hearing Protectors Undergoing
Performance of Different Types of Hearing Protectors Undergoing

... an amplitude that may vary over a range of 1–108 or more, if the most powerful weapons are considered). As it is not reasonable to think that no secondary effects or nonlinearities may be found throughout such a large range, the performance of hearing protectors should not only be evaluated at low l ...
Performance of Different Types of Hearing Protectors Undergoing
Performance of Different Types of Hearing Protectors Undergoing

... an amplitude that may vary over a range of 1–108 or more, if the most powerful weapons are considered). As it is not reasonable to think that no secondary effects or nonlinearities may be found throughout such a large range, the performance of hearing protectors should not only be evaluated at low l ...
Noise Induced Hearing Loss January 2001
Noise Induced Hearing Loss January 2001

... The injurious action of noise is believed to affect not only the sensory cells of the inner ear, but also the supporting cells, nervous structures and blood vessels. The outer hair cells (OHC) are more vulnerable to noise injury than the inner hair cells (IHC). This is likely secondary to several ch ...
evaluation of noise induced hearing loss in fishermen who
evaluation of noise induced hearing loss in fishermen who

Noise Reduction
Noise Reduction

... fit of their earplug, they will be more likely to have a positive attitude about protecting their hearing and will be more apt to use hearing protection correctly and consistently in the workplace. This positive outcome should result in reducing noise-induced hearing loss in the workplace. ...
(New Orleans, LA) [poster C388.1, 27
(New Orleans, LA) [poster C388.1, 27

... some other mechanical structure (possibly the tectorial membrane) may function analogously to the mammalian BM. (Figs. 2,3) 3 _ DPOAEs are produced in both papillae. R. catesbeiana generally produce higher amplitude emissions than R. p. pipiens. (Figs. 4,5) 4 _ In contrast to mammalian results, gene ...
Individual monitoring of hearing status - CRITIAS
Individual monitoring of hearing status - CRITIAS

... greatly differs from the optimal passive noise reduction measured in laboratory due to suboptimal placement, inconsistent use and general variations in the acoustical seal over time [21] . Despite the recent development of a field attenuation measurement system for hearing protection devices [28, 2] ...
prevention of hearing loss from noise
prevention of hearing loss from noise

... this after attending a loud concert or working with loud tools or machinery. If the ear is given time to rest (typically 16 to 48 hours of relative quiet) the TTS recovers back to baseline hearing. With repeated occurrence, this TTS does not recover, and instead becomes a permanent threshold shift. ...
Ototoxicity in preterm infants: effects of genetics, aminoglycosides
Ototoxicity in preterm infants: effects of genetics, aminoglycosides

... aminoglycosides.60,61 Variants within the mitochondrial mutations make the mitochondrial ribosome more similar to bacterial ribosomal RNA, resulting in the cells being more susceptible to aminoglycoside-induced damage. As discussed earlier, aminoglycosides are highly concentrated in the perilymph an ...
Effects of delayed and extended antioxidant treatment on acute
Effects of delayed and extended antioxidant treatment on acute

... both ears of each animal. Before we used the ABRs from both ears, we compared the ABRs from one ear with those from the other ear. With a paired samples t-test at each frequency, there was no significant difference between them. This result was not different from that of a one-way ANOVA. Therefore, ...
Occupational Noise-Induced Hearing Loss
Occupational Noise-Induced Hearing Loss

... sociated with hearing loss are depression, social isolation,25 and increased risk of accidents.26 Workers with evidence of hearing loss require an individualized evaluation that takes into account both the need to communicate safely and effectively and the need for protection from additional damage ...
Cochlear Outer-Hair-Cell Efferents and Complex-Sound
Cochlear Outer-Hair-Cell Efferents and Complex-Sound

... As noted, crossed OC effects must be due to the crossed MOCS to OHCs. Uncrossed OC effects are likely UMOCS effects on OHCs than effects of the uncrossed LOCS to afferent dendrites: TTSs 5 min postexposure (as here) appear to be only OHC effects (Patuzzi et al. 1989) and, also, actions at afferent d ...
Noise and Hearing in Occupational Settings - Vula
Noise and Hearing in Occupational Settings - Vula

... are being more commonly employed to provide an even earlier identification of NIHL If noise exposure is asymmetric, e.g. with firearms, the hearing loss may also be asymmetric. The loss will generally be worse on the side opposite to the person´s dominant hand because that ear receives the greatest ...
Occupational noise-induced hearing loss prevalence and noise
Occupational noise-induced hearing loss prevalence and noise

... Methods: Structured questionnaires were completed by permanent employees at a steel-manufacturing plant for the purpose of collecting information on occupational and medical histories, noise exposure in and outside the work environment, use of hearing protection devices (HPDs), and current noise aba ...
Occupational noise-induced hearing loss prevalence and noise abatement techniques in a steel-making plant
Occupational noise-induced hearing loss prevalence and noise abatement techniques in a steel-making plant

... Methods: Structured questionnaires were completed by permanent employees at a steel-manufacturing plant for the purpose of collecting information on occupational and medical histories, noise exposure in and outside the work environment, use of hearing protection devices (HPDs), and current noise aba ...
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Noise in music



In music, noise is variously described as unpitched, indeterminate, uncontrolled, loud, unmusical, or unwanted sound. Noise is an important component of the sound of the human voice and all musical instruments, particularly in unpitched percussion instruments and electric guitars (using distortion). Electronic instruments create various colours of noise. Traditional uses of noise are unrestricted, using all the frequencies associated with pitch and timbre, such as the white noise component of a drum roll on a snare drum, or the transients present in the prefix of the sounds of some organ pipes.The influence of modernism in the early 20th century lead composers such as Edgar Varese to explore the use of noise-based sonorities in an orchestral setting. In the same period the Italian Futurist Luigi Russolo created a ""noise orchestra"" using instruments he called intonarumori. Later in the 20th century the term noise music came to refer to works consisting primarily of noise-based sound.In more general usage, noise is any unwanted sound or signal. In this sense, even sounds that would be perceived as musically ordinary in another context become noise if they interfere with the reception of a message desired by the receiver. Prevention and reduction of unwanted sound, from tape hiss to squeaking bass drum pedals, is important in many musical pursuits, but noise is also used creatively in many ways, and in some way in nearly all genres.
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