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... surveys provided to assess the situation and prospects for the economy constitute a valuable source of information for an up-to-date economic analysis. You also make a valuable contribution towards an upto-date assessment of economic developments in Germany with the production of your Ifo Business ...
... surveys provided to assess the situation and prospects for the economy constitute a valuable source of information for an up-to-date economic analysis. You also make a valuable contribution towards an upto-date assessment of economic developments in Germany with the production of your Ifo Business ...
European Commission
... So far, five of the twelve Member States that joined the EU in 2004 or 2007 have already adopted the euro. Slovenia did so in 2007, Cyprus and Malta in 2008, Slovakia in 2009 and Estonia in 2011. Currently around 330 million people in 17 countries use the euro: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Fin ...
... So far, five of the twelve Member States that joined the EU in 2004 or 2007 have already adopted the euro. Slovenia did so in 2007, Cyprus and Malta in 2008, Slovakia in 2009 and Estonia in 2011. Currently around 330 million people in 17 countries use the euro: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Fin ...
Saving the euro: the Spanish perspective
... The conclusion of this diagnosis is that the EMU can be fixed from within. One can be more or less ambitious, but the idea would be to complete the design with mechanisms for adverse weather, without altering even the most basic elements of the system (intergovernmental in decision-making, supranati ...
... The conclusion of this diagnosis is that the EMU can be fixed from within. One can be more or less ambitious, but the idea would be to complete the design with mechanisms for adverse weather, without altering even the most basic elements of the system (intergovernmental in decision-making, supranati ...
Euro crisis
... Addressing the ex post problem • Eurobonds might play a useful role: The world’s reserve holders crave an alternative to US T bills. – But most existing Eurobond proposals imply a “transfer union,” which Northern European taxpayers cannot be asked to support. • The Eurobond version that might work ...
... Addressing the ex post problem • Eurobonds might play a useful role: The world’s reserve holders crave an alternative to US T bills. – But most existing Eurobond proposals imply a “transfer union,” which Northern European taxpayers cannot be asked to support. • The Eurobond version that might work ...
THE EURO AND MONETARY POLICY The Perspective from Portugal
... and guidelines laid down by the Governing Council. It will have a role similar to the USA Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. National central banks will execute the policy measures decided by the ECB. Their function will be very similar to the role played by the regional reserve banks ...
... and guidelines laid down by the Governing Council. It will have a role similar to the USA Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. National central banks will execute the policy measures decided by the ECB. Their function will be very similar to the role played by the regional reserve banks ...
Policy Note - Levy Economics Institute of Bard College
... foes. Perhaps there is even something to be said here about the deep and profound impact that World War II must have had on the consciences of Europe’s leaders and public alike. The European experiment in integration—from the European Economic Community (EEC) to today’s EU—has also allegedly made a ...
... foes. Perhaps there is even something to be said here about the deep and profound impact that World War II must have had on the consciences of Europe’s leaders and public alike. The European experiment in integration—from the European Economic Community (EEC) to today’s EU—has also allegedly made a ...
Panel on the Euro Crisis
... • The sovereign risk premium would operate -– much as it does among American states, – and as it did in Italy, Greece and the others before they joined the euro. ...
... • The sovereign risk premium would operate -– much as it does among American states, – and as it did in Italy, Greece and the others before they joined the euro. ...
Micro- and Macro reforms: two sides of the same euro
... badly or well. Individual countries persistently diverge in their growth and inflation performances. For example Ireland, Greece and Spain have growth rates well above the euro average, while Germany, Italy and Portugal having very low levels of aggregate demand and growth. Equally, rates of competi ...
... badly or well. Individual countries persistently diverge in their growth and inflation performances. For example Ireland, Greece and Spain have growth rates well above the euro average, while Germany, Italy and Portugal having very low levels of aggregate demand and growth. Equally, rates of competi ...
Forecasting outstanding debt securities in Europe
... making SGP debt criterion more operational, i.e., allowing EDP procedure, even if the deficit is below 3%, when debt is above 60%; ...
... making SGP debt criterion more operational, i.e., allowing EDP procedure, even if the deficit is below 3%, when debt is above 60%; ...
Is The Euro A Harbinger Of A World Currency?
... an entity’s spending exceeds its income, when the entity spends more than it collects in taxes. For this economic measure, a review of the euro’s effects on deficit spending will be made as well as an effort to ascertain if monetary unions can succeed in keeping deficits manageable. The EMU, through ...
... an entity’s spending exceeds its income, when the entity spends more than it collects in taxes. For this economic measure, a review of the euro’s effects on deficit spending will be made as well as an effort to ascertain if monetary unions can succeed in keeping deficits manageable. The EMU, through ...
Presentazione standard di PowerPoint
... • inflation expectations in the euro area have declined significantly in 201214 • Only long-term inflation expectations over the next ten years are, at 1.8 percent, in line with the ECB’s definition of price stability. • However, not so much credence should be placed on long-term inflation expectati ...
... • inflation expectations in the euro area have declined significantly in 201214 • Only long-term inflation expectations over the next ten years are, at 1.8 percent, in line with the ECB’s definition of price stability. • However, not so much credence should be placed on long-term inflation expectati ...
From the perspective of economics and geopolitics, each new
... the Japanese people and government were legendary for high saving rates in the 1980s, that has disappeared. The demographic retirement boom has hit Japan before the rest of us, and so their saving rate is going down, not up. In any case, world interest rates are not primarily determined in Asia. In ...
... the Japanese people and government were legendary for high saving rates in the 1980s, that has disappeared. The demographic retirement boom has hit Japan before the rest of us, and so their saving rate is going down, not up. In any case, world interest rates are not primarily determined in Asia. In ...
euro area and member states
... benefits of the single currency more widely in the European Union. All European Union Member States are part of Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) and coordinate their economic policy-making to support the economic aims of the EU. However, a number of Member States have taken a step further by replac ...
... benefits of the single currency more widely in the European Union. All European Union Member States are part of Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) and coordinate their economic policy-making to support the economic aims of the EU. However, a number of Member States have taken a step further by replac ...
The Search for a New Currency System
... "It's in everyone's interest that the U.S. continues to grow, but everyone is aware of their responsibilities and no one wants excessive volatility on currency markets," an official from the Élysée Palace told reporters recently. One solution, the French said, is to diversify global reserves away fr ...
... "It's in everyone's interest that the U.S. continues to grow, but everyone is aware of their responsibilities and no one wants excessive volatility on currency markets," an official from the Élysée Palace told reporters recently. One solution, the French said, is to diversify global reserves away fr ...
The economic situation in France and the euro area
... implemented in another euro area country? The choice of such reforms should depend on three criteria: first that they have been decided on the basis of a political consensus, second, that they have been implemented on the basis of a social consensus and third, that they have been successful in comb ...
... implemented in another euro area country? The choice of such reforms should depend on three criteria: first that they have been decided on the basis of a political consensus, second, that they have been implemented on the basis of a social consensus and third, that they have been successful in comb ...
Slide 1
... – The economies of EU members are similar in the sense that there is a high volume of intra-industry trade relative to the total volume. – They are different in the sense that Northern European countries have high levels of physical capital per worker and more skilled labor, compared with Southern E ...
... – The economies of EU members are similar in the sense that there is a high volume of intra-industry trade relative to the total volume. – They are different in the sense that Northern European countries have high levels of physical capital per worker and more skilled labor, compared with Southern E ...
Public Investment Programme of BiH
... Decision of the BH Presidency that the Currency Board will continue, which was stated in the PRSP, which has been endorsed by all levels of government The Currency Board produced major economic and social benefits It achieved the main objective – the financial stability through a consistent ap ...
... Decision of the BH Presidency that the Currency Board will continue, which was stated in the PRSP, which has been endorsed by all levels of government The Currency Board produced major economic and social benefits It achieved the main objective – the financial stability through a consistent ap ...
Strengthening of the Financial Sector
... Decision of the BH Presidency that the Currency Board will continue, which was stated in the PRSP, which has been endorsed by all levels of government The Currency Board produced major economic and social benefits It achieved the main objective – the financial stability through a consistent ap ...
... Decision of the BH Presidency that the Currency Board will continue, which was stated in the PRSP, which has been endorsed by all levels of government The Currency Board produced major economic and social benefits It achieved the main objective – the financial stability through a consistent ap ...
Document
... 1. Inflation rate criterion: No more than 1.5 percentage points higher than the average of the three best performing EU Member States. 2. Budget deficit criterion: The ratio of the annual government deficit to GDP must not exceed 3% at the end of the preceding fiscal year. 3. Government debt criteri ...
... 1. Inflation rate criterion: No more than 1.5 percentage points higher than the average of the three best performing EU Member States. 2. Budget deficit criterion: The ratio of the annual government deficit to GDP must not exceed 3% at the end of the preceding fiscal year. 3. Government debt criteri ...
Six Issues
... Fiscal tightening (% of GDP) needed between 2010 and 2020 to achieve 60% of GDP public debt ratio by 2030 ...
... Fiscal tightening (% of GDP) needed between 2010 and 2020 to achieve 60% of GDP public debt ratio by 2030 ...
New logo in yellow - Queen`s Economics Department
... place and space in the upper half of North America. The Pearson years were initially important in creating a social vision that differed from that in the US – the CPP/QPP, the final version of Medicare, the Canada Assistance Plan, making the Equalization program comprehensive, and DREE, among others ...
... place and space in the upper half of North America. The Pearson years were initially important in creating a social vision that differed from that in the US – the CPP/QPP, the final version of Medicare, the Canada Assistance Plan, making the Equalization program comprehensive, and DREE, among others ...
The European Monetary System
... Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) had been an objective of the European Community since 1969. The European Monetary System (EMS) was one of the systems introduced and it can be seen as the precursor to the creation of the single European currency. The EMS, based on a proposal made by the president o ...
... Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) had been an objective of the European Community since 1969. The European Monetary System (EMS) was one of the systems introduced and it can be seen as the precursor to the creation of the single European currency. The EMS, based on a proposal made by the president o ...
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... framework alone is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for euro area citizens to reap all the benefits arising from the single currency. EMU needs to be complemented with economic institutions at the micro level, which do not hinder the dynamism and the flexibility of the economy. This is eve ...
... framework alone is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for euro area citizens to reap all the benefits arising from the single currency. EMU needs to be complemented with economic institutions at the micro level, which do not hinder the dynamism and the flexibility of the economy. This is eve ...
General interest publications about the euro | European Commission
... All EU countries are eligible to join the euro. Countries wishing to join, however, must fulfil a number of entry criteria to show that their economies are ready to have the euro as their currency. These entry or convergence criteria examine whether public finances are on a sustainable footing with ...
... All EU countries are eligible to join the euro. Countries wishing to join, however, must fulfil a number of entry criteria to show that their economies are ready to have the euro as their currency. These entry or convergence criteria examine whether public finances are on a sustainable footing with ...
Il futuro dell*Eurozona nel contesto internazionale Cosa fare per
... crisis, with the objective of preserving financial stability in Europe The EFSF is authorized to borrow up to €440 billion. ESM (European Stability Mechanism) The ESM is a permanent crisis resolution mechanism for the countries of the euro area. The ESM issues debt instruments in order to finance lo ...
... crisis, with the objective of preserving financial stability in Europe The EFSF is authorized to borrow up to €440 billion. ESM (European Stability Mechanism) The ESM is a permanent crisis resolution mechanism for the countries of the euro area. The ESM issues debt instruments in order to finance lo ...
Euro
The euro (sign: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of the eurozone, which consists of 19 of the 28 member states of the European Union: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Spain. The currency is also officially used by the institutions of the European Union and four other European countries, as well as unilaterally by two others, and is consequently used daily by some 337 million Europeans as of 2015. Outside of Europe, a number of overseas territories of EU members also use the euro as their currency.Additionally, 210 million people worldwide as of 2013 use currencies pegged to the euro. The euro is the second largest reserve currency as well as the second most traded currency in the world after the United States dollar.As of August 2014, with more than €995,000,000,000 in circulation, the euro has the highest combined value of banknotes and coins in circulation in the world, having surpassed the U.S. dollar.Based on International Monetary Fund estimates of 2008 GDP and purchasing power parity among the various currencies, the eurozone is the second largest economy in the world.The name euro was officially adopted on 16 December 1995. The euro was introduced to world financial markets as an accounting currency on 1 January 1999, replacing the former European Currency Unit (ECU) at a ratio of 1:1 (US$1.1743). Physical euro coins and banknotes entered into circulation on 1 January 2002, making it the day-to-day operating currency of its original members. While the euro dropped subsequently to US$0.8252 within two years (26 October 2000), it has traded above the U.S. dollar since the end of 2002, peaking at US$1.6038 on 18 July 2008. Since late 2009, the euro has been immersed in the European sovereign-debt crisis which has led to the creation of the European Financial Stability Facility as well as other reforms aimed at stabilising the currency. In July 2012, the euro fell below US$1.21 for the first time in two years, following concerns raised over Greek debt and Spain's troubled banking sector. As of June 2015, the euro–dollar exchange rate stands at ~ US$1.10.