Chapter 18 Outline I. Explaining the Industrial Revolution A. At the
... iii. China led the world in technological innovation between 700 and 1400 c.e. iv. all had slowed or stagnated by the early modern era b. the fact that Europe did not enjoy any overall economic advantage as late as 1750 i. across Eurasia, life expectancy, consumption and nutrition patterns, wage lev ...
... iii. China led the world in technological innovation between 700 and 1400 c.e. iv. all had slowed or stagnated by the early modern era b. the fact that Europe did not enjoy any overall economic advantage as late as 1750 i. across Eurasia, life expectancy, consumption and nutrition patterns, wage lev ...
The Nation Grows and Prospers
... War of 1812 provided a boost to American industries British blockade cut Americans off from supply of foreign goods so they had to produce more goods for themselves The Lowell Mills Francis Cabot Lowell, a Boston merchant, found a way to improve on British textile mills during the war He c ...
... War of 1812 provided a boost to American industries British blockade cut Americans off from supply of foreign goods so they had to produce more goods for themselves The Lowell Mills Francis Cabot Lowell, a Boston merchant, found a way to improve on British textile mills during the war He c ...
American History Chapter 5, Section 1
... In many ways, the U.S. government was laissez-faire in the late 1800s. However, in other ways, it actively helped industry went against the idea of laissez-faire. Congress passed the Morrill Tariff. It nearly tripled tariffs. Tariffs are “extra” taxes for stuff made in other countries. This made imp ...
... In many ways, the U.S. government was laissez-faire in the late 1800s. However, in other ways, it actively helped industry went against the idea of laissez-faire. Congress passed the Morrill Tariff. It nearly tripled tariffs. Tariffs are “extra” taxes for stuff made in other countries. This made imp ...
Slide 1
... forced many peasants off their land. • Thousands of farmers moved to cities to find work. • This increase in the number of people living in the city created a larger labor supply, or number of available workers, for businesses. • Improved methods of farming and breeding produced more food, which hel ...
... forced many peasants off their land. • Thousands of farmers moved to cities to find work. • This increase in the number of people living in the city created a larger labor supply, or number of available workers, for businesses. • Improved methods of farming and breeding produced more food, which hel ...
The Revolution Comes to America
... large role in the Industrial Revolution. Unfortunately, when it was invented, nobody, not even Whitney himself, realized that the cotton gin would revitalize slavery. Whitney's invention helped the cotton industry just when the South was suffering economic problems. The cotton gin (short for cotton ...
... large role in the Industrial Revolution. Unfortunately, when it was invented, nobody, not even Whitney himself, realized that the cotton gin would revitalize slavery. Whitney's invention helped the cotton industry just when the South was suffering economic problems. The cotton gin (short for cotton ...
PART ONE: First Things First: Beginnings in History, to 500 B
... each task with a stopwatch; companies would then pay workers more if they met the stopwatch standard. Taylor assumed that only money mattered to workers and that they would respond automatically to the lure of higher earnings. 6. Industrialization and incorporation widened the gap between managers a ...
... each task with a stopwatch; companies would then pay workers more if they met the stopwatch standard. Taylor assumed that only money mattered to workers and that they would respond automatically to the lure of higher earnings. 6. Industrialization and incorporation widened the gap between managers a ...
REVIEWING FOR THE U.S. HISTORY EOCT
... Edison’s technological achievements were used by other inventors as evidenced by the development of long-distance electricity transmission that enabled Edison’s electric light to illuminate buildings, streets, and neighborhoods across the United States. Electricity soon replaced steam as the sourc ...
... Edison’s technological achievements were used by other inventors as evidenced by the development of long-distance electricity transmission that enabled Edison’s electric light to illuminate buildings, streets, and neighborhoods across the United States. Electricity soon replaced steam as the sourc ...
slide 1 - Northern Highlands
... At the end of the 19th century, natural resources, creative ideas, and growing markets fuel an industrial boom. New Uses for Steel • Steel used in railroads, barbed wire, farm machines • Changes construction: Brooklyn Bridge; steel-framed skyscrapers Patent: the exclusive right granted by a governme ...
... At the end of the 19th century, natural resources, creative ideas, and growing markets fuel an industrial boom. New Uses for Steel • Steel used in railroads, barbed wire, farm machines • Changes construction: Brooklyn Bridge; steel-framed skyscrapers Patent: the exclusive right granted by a governme ...
SOL 4 fill in highlighted
... opportunities in housing, work, education, and government How did African Americans respond to discrimination and “Jim Crow”? African American responses • ________________Boooker T Washington____________________________________: Believed equality could be achieved through vocational education; accep ...
... opportunities in housing, work, education, and government How did African Americans respond to discrimination and “Jim Crow”? African American responses • ________________Boooker T Washington____________________________________: Believed equality could be achieved through vocational education; accep ...
Manufacturing Independence
... model for how the nation could be secured against its enemies by producing its own goods. This was fitting, since the central government's oversight of manufacturing began as a result of the fact that the United States was unprepared for war and because the war had a destructive effect on the nation ...
... model for how the nation could be secured against its enemies by producing its own goods. This was fitting, since the central government's oversight of manufacturing began as a result of the fact that the United States was unprepared for war and because the war had a destructive effect on the nation ...
Chapter 21-Normalcy and Good Times
... business leadership, and that the government should not interfere with business ...
... business leadership, and that the government should not interfere with business ...
NATIONALISM AND SECTIONALISM 1815-1860
... R. LIVINGSTON, who had financed the project. The Clermont created a sensation by navigating the Hudson River upstream from New York City to Albany (at five miles per hour), a breakthrough in transportation technology. Along with the railroads, steamboats lowered transportation costs and ...
... R. LIVINGSTON, who had financed the project. The Clermont created a sensation by navigating the Hudson River upstream from New York City to Albany (at five miles per hour), a breakthrough in transportation technology. Along with the railroads, steamboats lowered transportation costs and ...
Industrialization_1865-1901_14_OB with
... • American industry grew rapidly after the Civil War, bringing revolutionary changes to American society. ...
... • American industry grew rapidly after the Civil War, bringing revolutionary changes to American society. ...
Chapter 9 - Spring Branch ISD
... B. A corporation is an organization owned by many people but treated by law as though it was a single person. Stockholders, the people who own the corporation, own shares of ownership called stock. Issuing stock allows a corporation to raise large sums of money but spreads out the financial risk. ...
... B. A corporation is an organization owned by many people but treated by law as though it was a single person. Stockholders, the people who own the corporation, own shares of ownership called stock. Issuing stock allows a corporation to raise large sums of money but spreads out the financial risk. ...
Document A The Congress shall have power to promote the
... Mary Beth Norton, et al. A People and a Nation, Vol. I (Boston, Mass: Houghton Mifflin, 1982), 223. Document I Investment capital for the early factory system came from both the public and private sectors. Commercial capitalists who could not invest in commercial enterprises during the Embargo and W ...
... Mary Beth Norton, et al. A People and a Nation, Vol. I (Boston, Mass: Houghton Mifflin, 1982), 223. Document I Investment capital for the early factory system came from both the public and private sectors. Commercial capitalists who could not invest in commercial enterprises during the Embargo and W ...
USHistory_Ch13 - Cobb Learning
... Advance through the slide show using your mouse or the space bar. ...
... Advance through the slide show using your mouse or the space bar. ...
Chapter 14: A New Industrial Age 1865-1901
... almost bankrupt. Congress agreed to give additional grants to the railroad after several members of Congress were given shares in Union Pacific at a price well below market value. An investigation implicated several members of Congress, including _________________________, who later became president ...
... almost bankrupt. Congress agreed to give additional grants to the railroad after several members of Congress were given shares in Union Pacific at a price well below market value. An investigation implicated several members of Congress, including _________________________, who later became president ...
Industrialization of the U.S. Notes
... industry. The government did not control wages or prices. It adopted policies to help industry. B. Since the early 1800s, the northeastern states and southern states debated on economic policies. Northerners wanted high tariffs to protect their industries from foreign competition. Southerners oppose ...
... industry. The government did not control wages or prices. It adopted policies to help industry. B. Since the early 1800s, the northeastern states and southern states debated on economic policies. Northerners wanted high tariffs to protect their industries from foreign competition. Southerners oppose ...
Industrial Revolution Readings
... Before the Industrial Revolution, every mechanical object was made completely by hand. Because each object was made by hand, a similar object would be slightly different. No two objects would be exactly alike! Example: a rifle would have been made from start to finish by a single skilled craftsman. ...
... Before the Industrial Revolution, every mechanical object was made completely by hand. Because each object was made by hand, a similar object would be slightly different. No two objects would be exactly alike! Example: a rifle would have been made from start to finish by a single skilled craftsman. ...
The Ordeal of Industrialization (from: The National Experience)
... I. In 1860 the United States was a second-rate industrial country, lagging behind the United Kingdom and perhaps Germany and France. But by 1890 the United States had stepped into first place, and the value of its manufactured good almost equaled the combined production of all the three former leade ...
... I. In 1860 the United States was a second-rate industrial country, lagging behind the United Kingdom and perhaps Germany and France. But by 1890 the United States had stepped into first place, and the value of its manufactured good almost equaled the combined production of all the three former leade ...
Industrial Revolution
... 3.The first successful textile mill in the United States was established in a.1790 at Pawtucket, Rhode Island. b.1769 by Richard Arkwright. c.Waltham, Massachusetts, by Francis Cabot Lowell. d.Lowell, Massachusetts, by the Boston Manufacturing Company. ...
... 3.The first successful textile mill in the United States was established in a.1790 at Pawtucket, Rhode Island. b.1769 by Richard Arkwright. c.Waltham, Massachusetts, by Francis Cabot Lowell. d.Lowell, Massachusetts, by the Boston Manufacturing Company. ...
Expansion and Industrialization(1860
... two leading industries in Alabama. The steel-making industry was so large that the United States Steel Corporation set up operations in Birmingham in 1907. The growth of railroads in Alabama accelerated the spread of industrialization. Manufacturers exploited coal deposits in the Piedmont region of ...
... two leading industries in Alabama. The steel-making industry was so large that the United States Steel Corporation set up operations in Birmingham in 1907. The growth of railroads in Alabama accelerated the spread of industrialization. Manufacturers exploited coal deposits in the Piedmont region of ...
AP U - Quia
... process in action, he founded the Carnegie Steel Company. By 1899, Carnegie’s various U.S. companies (which had grown immensely through horizontal consolidation) were manufacturing more steel than all of Great Britain. Although he had been involved in a number of profitable business ventures, Carneg ...
... process in action, he founded the Carnegie Steel Company. By 1899, Carnegie’s various U.S. companies (which had grown immensely through horizontal consolidation) were manufacturing more steel than all of Great Britain. Although he had been involved in a number of profitable business ventures, Carneg ...
Industrialism
... I will analyze the causes of the rise of the industrialism in the late 19th Century. ...
... I will analyze the causes of the rise of the industrialism in the late 19th Century. ...
Technological and industrial history of the United States
The technological and industrial history of the United States describes the United States' emergence as one of the most technologically advanced nations in the world. The availability of land and literate labor, the absence of a landed aristocracy, the prestige of entrepreneurship, the diversity of climate and a large easily accessed upscale and literate free market all contributed to America's rapid industrialisation. The availability of capital, development by the free market of navigable rivers, and coastal waterways, and the abundance of natural resources facilitated the cheap extraction of energy all contributed to America's rapid industrialization. Fast transport by the very large railroad built in the mid-19th century, and the Interstate Highway System built in the late 20th century, enlarged the markets and reducing shipping and production costs. The legal system facilitated business operations and guaranteed contracts. Cut off from Europe by the embargo and the British blockade in the War of 1812 (1807–15), entrepreneurs opened factories in the Northeast that set the stage for rapid industrialization modeled on British innovations.From its emergence as an independent nation, the United States has encouraged science and innovation. As a result, the United States has been the birthplace of 161 of Britannica's 321 Greatest Inventions, including items such as the airplane, internet, microchip, laser, cellphone, refrigerator, email, microwave, personal computer, Liquid-crystal display and light-emitting diode technology, air conditioning, assembly line, supermarket, bar code, electric motor, automated teller machine, and many more.The early technological and industrial development in the United States was facilitated by a unique confluence of geographical, social, and economic factors. The relative lack of workers kept United States wages nearly always higher than corresponding British and European workers and provided an incentive to mechanize some tasks. The United States population had some semi-unique advantages in that they were former British subjects, had high English literacy skills, for that period (over 80% in New England), had strong British institutions, with some minor American modifications, of courts, laws, right to vote, protection of property rights and in many cases personal contacts among the British innovators of the Industrial Revolution. They had a good basic structure to build on. Another major advantage, which the British lacked, was no inherited aristocratic institutions. The eastern seaboard of the United States, with a great number of rivers and streams along the Atlantic seaboard, provided many potential sites for constructing textile mills necessary for early industrialization. The technology and information on how to build a textile industry was largely provided by Samuel Slater (1768–1835) who emigrated to New England in 1789. He had studied and worked in British textile mills for a number of years and immigrated to the United States, despite restrictions against it, to try his luck with U.S. manufacturers who were trying to set up a textile industry. He was offered a full partnership if he could succeed—he did. A vast supply of natural resources, the technological knowledge on how to build and power the necessary machines along with a labor supply of mobile workers, often unmarried females, all aided early industrialization. The broad knowledge of the Industrial Revolution and Scientific revolution helped facilitate understanding for the construction and invention of new manufacturing businesses and technologies. A limited government that would allow them to succeed or fail on their own merit helped.After the close of the American Revolution in 1783, the new government continued the strong property rights established under British rule and established a rule of law necessary to protect those property rights. The idea of issuing patents was incorporated into Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution authorizing Congress ""to promote the progress of science and useful arts by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries. The invention of the Cotton Gin by American Eli Whitney made cotton potentially a cheap and readily available resource in the United States for use in the new textile industry.One of the real impetuses for United States entering the Industrial Revolution was the passage of the Embargo Act of 1807, the War of 1812 (1812–1814) and the Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) which cut off supplies of new and cheaper Industrial revolution products from Britain. The lack of access to these goods all provided a strong incentive to learn how to develop the industries and to make their own goods instead of simply buying the goods produced by Britain.Modern productivity researchers have shown that the period in which the greatest economic and technological progress occurred was between the last half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th. During this period the nation was transformed from an agricultural economy to the foremost industrial power in the world, with more than a third of the global industrial output. This can be illustrated by the index of total industrial production, which increased from 4.29 in 1790 to 1,975.00 in 1913, an increase of 460 times (base year 1850 - 100).American colonies gained independence in 1783 just as profound changes in industrial production and coordination were beginning to shift production from artisans to factories. Growth of the nation's transportation infrastructure with internal improvements and a confluence of technological innovations before the Civil War facilitated an expansion in organization, coordination, and scale of industrial production. Around the turn of the 20th century, American industry had superseded its European counterparts economically and the nation began to assert its military power. Although the Great Depression challenged its technological momentum, America emerged from it and World War II as one of two global superpowers. In the second half of the 20th century, as the United States was drawn into competition with the Soviet Union for political, economic, and military primacy, the government invested heavily in scientific research and technological development which spawned advances in spaceflight, computing, and biotechnology.Science, technology, and industry have not only profoundly shaped America's economic success, but have also contributed to its distinct political institutions, social structure, educational system, and cultural identity. American values of limited government, meritocracy, entrepreneurship, and self-sufficiency are drawn from its legacy of pioneering technical advances.