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02 Microevolution Changing Allelic Frequencies [1]
... – Chance in the context of mutations causing new genetic variations – Sorting in the context of natural selection favoring some alleles over others • This favoring process causes the outcome of natural selection to be anything but random! • Natural Selection consistently increases the frequencies of ...
... – Chance in the context of mutations causing new genetic variations – Sorting in the context of natural selection favoring some alleles over others • This favoring process causes the outcome of natural selection to be anything but random! • Natural Selection consistently increases the frequencies of ...
On acute gene expression changes after ventral root replantation
... by gentle traction of the root. In three of the animals the root was replanted into the lateral funiculus (Figure 1). The wound was closed in layers. After 24 h the animals were euthanized with 0.5 ml pentobarbital (40 mg/ml) and the inferior vena cava was cut open. The lumbosacral spinal cord was ...
... by gentle traction of the root. In three of the animals the root was replanted into the lateral funiculus (Figure 1). The wound was closed in layers. After 24 h the animals were euthanized with 0.5 ml pentobarbital (40 mg/ml) and the inferior vena cava was cut open. The lumbosacral spinal cord was ...
Chromatin: A sticky silence
... reduced when its distance from the centromere is increased, and this suppression correlates with a loss of association with the centromeric heterochromatin in interphase nuclei [4]. Conversely, chromosomal rearrangements that move bwD nearer to centric heterochromatin enhance the trans-inactivation ...
... reduced when its distance from the centromere is increased, and this suppression correlates with a loss of association with the centromeric heterochromatin in interphase nuclei [4]. Conversely, chromosomal rearrangements that move bwD nearer to centric heterochromatin enhance the trans-inactivation ...
The dual nature of homologous recombination in plants
... the archaebacterial topoisomerase VI complex, which induces transient DSBs to disentangle DNA. In contrast to most other organisms, Arabidopsis possesses three paralogs of Spo11 and a homolog of the topoisomerase VIB subunit (TOP6B) [14,15] (Table 1). In an Arabidopsis mutant of the SPO11-1 gene the ...
... the archaebacterial topoisomerase VI complex, which induces transient DSBs to disentangle DNA. In contrast to most other organisms, Arabidopsis possesses three paralogs of Spo11 and a homolog of the topoisomerase VIB subunit (TOP6B) [14,15] (Table 1). In an Arabidopsis mutant of the SPO11-1 gene the ...
Enhancing Alkali Stress Tolerance in Tomato Plants Using SAMS
... As mentioned above, our study indicated that overexpression of SAMS gene can significantly improve the alkali stress tolerance of tomato plants. Nevertheless, fruit yield in transgenic lines was remarkably decreased from the T1 generation. However, no significant difference in growth potential was o ...
... As mentioned above, our study indicated that overexpression of SAMS gene can significantly improve the alkali stress tolerance of tomato plants. Nevertheless, fruit yield in transgenic lines was remarkably decreased from the T1 generation. However, no significant difference in growth potential was o ...
Genetic Regulation of Meristem Maintenance and Organ
... for the inner whorl organs: carpels in particular are repetitiously formed in plants carrying severe mutations. In contrast to the floral meristem, the vegetative and inflorescence meristems are not affected by mutations of these genes, and vegetative organs and inflorescences develop normally. The ...
... for the inner whorl organs: carpels in particular are repetitiously formed in plants carrying severe mutations. In contrast to the floral meristem, the vegetative and inflorescence meristems are not affected by mutations of these genes, and vegetative organs and inflorescences develop normally. The ...
Pearl millet, food for the future in the Sahel
... and also certain morphological traits such as spike length and stem diameter. Flowering time was strongly linked to climatic conditions: a long flowering time was better adapted to more humid climates, a shorter one suitable for drier conditions. For example, the species cultivated in coastal tropic ...
... and also certain morphological traits such as spike length and stem diameter. Flowering time was strongly linked to climatic conditions: a long flowering time was better adapted to more humid climates, a shorter one suitable for drier conditions. For example, the species cultivated in coastal tropic ...
Gene Section myeloid leukemia 1; aml1 oncogene)) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... AML1 and partners - recurrent translocations. Editor 02/2003; updated 08/2003. Note: cases of AML1 translocations with either 4q21, 4q27, 8q24 (not the TRPS1 one), 11q24,14q11, 16p13 hav e been prov ed to be cry ptic t(12;21) with ETV6/AML1 inv olv ement, and we hav e theref ore to be cautious with ...
... AML1 and partners - recurrent translocations. Editor 02/2003; updated 08/2003. Note: cases of AML1 translocations with either 4q21, 4q27, 8q24 (not the TRPS1 one), 11q24,14q11, 16p13 hav e been prov ed to be cry ptic t(12;21) with ETV6/AML1 inv olv ement, and we hav e theref ore to be cautious with ...
Variation of Traits
... simplify things by just focusing on the physical aspect of inherited traits. For example, if both parents exhibit the trait of red hair, their offspring have a greater chance of acquiring the genes that code for red hair. Certain traits are characteristically dominant or recessive, depending on t ...
... simplify things by just focusing on the physical aspect of inherited traits. For example, if both parents exhibit the trait of red hair, their offspring have a greater chance of acquiring the genes that code for red hair. Certain traits are characteristically dominant or recessive, depending on t ...
Foundations of Biology
... Syndrome, extra chromosome 21, tends to be the most viable Down’s Syndrome is more common in children of mothers who gave birth after age 40 ©2000 Timothy G. Standish ...
... Syndrome, extra chromosome 21, tends to be the most viable Down’s Syndrome is more common in children of mothers who gave birth after age 40 ©2000 Timothy G. Standish ...
- Genetics
... The first is to further test for partial sex linkage, using population genetic data. The data were primarily collected for our second goal, which was to perform analyses to ask whether PAR genes show the expected footprints of polymorphism due to sexually antagonistic selection: high diversity, other ...
... The first is to further test for partial sex linkage, using population genetic data. The data were primarily collected for our second goal, which was to perform analyses to ask whether PAR genes show the expected footprints of polymorphism due to sexually antagonistic selection: high diversity, other ...
Krebs, RA and AG Fasolo.
... Genetic variation is one of the fundamental bases of all evolutionary change (Dawkins, 1995). Recombination plays a very important role in maintaining genetic variation by creating new gene combinations that can be selected (Kutschera and Niklas, 2004). Recombination has also often been linked with ...
... Genetic variation is one of the fundamental bases of all evolutionary change (Dawkins, 1995). Recombination plays a very important role in maintaining genetic variation by creating new gene combinations that can be selected (Kutschera and Niklas, 2004). Recombination has also often been linked with ...
Systematic analysis of gene properties influencing organ system
... one gene we have symptom and tissue expression information available. For drugs, we extracted targets from the STITCH 3 database that have a confidence score 40.7. Moreover, we excluded indirect associations resulting in 1654 different targets for 1636 drugs. ...
... one gene we have symptom and tissue expression information available. For drugs, we extracted targets from the STITCH 3 database that have a confidence score 40.7. Moreover, we excluded indirect associations resulting in 1654 different targets for 1636 drugs. ...
A Genetic, Deletion, Physical, and Human Homology Map of the
... zebrafish and human suggests that the average size of homology segments is on the order of 600 kb (S.L.J. et al., manuscript submitted). In this study, we suggest that the LG2:Hsa1 conserved synteny group in the deletion region is composed of two adjacent homology segments. The order of markers wz45 ...
... zebrafish and human suggests that the average size of homology segments is on the order of 600 kb (S.L.J. et al., manuscript submitted). In this study, we suggest that the LG2:Hsa1 conserved synteny group in the deletion region is composed of two adjacent homology segments. The order of markers wz45 ...
Sex Determination
... The Lyon Hypothesis Having extra chromosomes causes problems (ie Downs Syndrome) Men have only one X chromosome and they are normal (at least they think so) Women have two X chromosomes and they are normal Mary Lyon proposed that the extra dosage of X chromosome that women have is compensated for b ...
... The Lyon Hypothesis Having extra chromosomes causes problems (ie Downs Syndrome) Men have only one X chromosome and they are normal (at least they think so) Women have two X chromosomes and they are normal Mary Lyon proposed that the extra dosage of X chromosome that women have is compensated for b ...
4 Conjugation in E. coli
... In the cytoplasm of some E. coli-strains, is a so-called F-factor which is a small circular DNA molecule which goes under replication independent to the chromosome’s replication. The Bacteria which have the F-factor are called F+, but the ones without it are called F–. The F-factor encourages to con ...
... In the cytoplasm of some E. coli-strains, is a so-called F-factor which is a small circular DNA molecule which goes under replication independent to the chromosome’s replication. The Bacteria which have the F-factor are called F+, but the ones without it are called F–. The F-factor encourages to con ...
Evolution at the Subgene Level: Domain Rearrangements in
... Our work continues along these recent methods in extending phylogenomics from genes to subgene domains. We present the first phylogenomic approach that combines de novo discovery of subgene evolutionary units (which we term as “modules”), a general model of gene evolution that captures module gain, ...
... Our work continues along these recent methods in extending phylogenomics from genes to subgene domains. We present the first phylogenomic approach that combines de novo discovery of subgene evolutionary units (which we term as “modules”), a general model of gene evolution that captures module gain, ...
VI P M
... Deletion of the trehalose-6-phoshate synthase gene of M. grisea, tps1, leads to abolishment of trehalose biosynthesis, a concomitant reduction in asexual spore production, loss of plant-pathogenicity, and an inability to grow on glucose minimal media. This last effect is reminiscent of the glucose n ...
... Deletion of the trehalose-6-phoshate synthase gene of M. grisea, tps1, leads to abolishment of trehalose biosynthesis, a concomitant reduction in asexual spore production, loss of plant-pathogenicity, and an inability to grow on glucose minimal media. This last effect is reminiscent of the glucose n ...
Chronic Administration of Statins Alters Multiple Gene Expression
... model of stroke, brain tissue of rats treated with either simvastatin or atorvastatin displayed increased synaptogenesis, neurogenesis, and angiogenesis that was cholesterol-independent (Chen et al., 2003). In another study, however, simvastatin, pravastatin, atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, and mevastat ...
... model of stroke, brain tissue of rats treated with either simvastatin or atorvastatin displayed increased synaptogenesis, neurogenesis, and angiogenesis that was cholesterol-independent (Chen et al., 2003). In another study, however, simvastatin, pravastatin, atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, and mevastat ...
Genetics Problems
... of synapsed chromosomes at the equatorial plate in a random fashion during metaphase I. Genes on different chromosomes will assort independently into gametes. ...
... of synapsed chromosomes at the equatorial plate in a random fashion during metaphase I. Genes on different chromosomes will assort independently into gametes. ...
Medical Genetics
... 1. Classified as beneficial, harmful or neutral; 2. Can occur by point mutations ; or small insertions or deletions of the nucleotide sequence; 3. Harmful mutations are lost if they reduce fitness; 4. If fitness is improved by a mutation, then the frequency of that allele will increase from generati ...
... 1. Classified as beneficial, harmful or neutral; 2. Can occur by point mutations ; or small insertions or deletions of the nucleotide sequence; 3. Harmful mutations are lost if they reduce fitness; 4. If fitness is improved by a mutation, then the frequency of that allele will increase from generati ...
A novel method for identifying nonlinear gene
... and falls generally into three categories: the local kernel polynomial smoothing, polynomial spline, and smoothing spline (Fan and Zhang 2008; Huang et al. 2004). Huang et al. (2002) approximated the varying-coefficient functions via B-spline basis expansion. Using the B-spline technique, the author ...
... and falls generally into three categories: the local kernel polynomial smoothing, polynomial spline, and smoothing spline (Fan and Zhang 2008; Huang et al. 2004). Huang et al. (2002) approximated the varying-coefficient functions via B-spline basis expansion. Using the B-spline technique, the author ...