Fire as an Ecological Process
... long periods of time are extremely complex, they can be distilled into useful summaries known as fire regimes. Fire is an integral part of ecosystems, and there is a continuous feedback of fire, fuels, and vegetation within the ecosystem. Fire interacts with, and is affected by, species composition, ...
... long periods of time are extremely complex, they can be distilled into useful summaries known as fire regimes. Fire is an integral part of ecosystems, and there is a continuous feedback of fire, fuels, and vegetation within the ecosystem. Fire interacts with, and is affected by, species composition, ...
RJVA08_253.MGRS.report final - Laboratory of Tree
... EuroAmerican land uses starting in the late 1800s excluded fire from the mixed-conifer forest, resulting in a significant expansion of suitable MGRS habitat over the next century. Suitable habitat at the start of the MGRS monitoring program in 1989 was greater than at any time in the reconstructed p ...
... EuroAmerican land uses starting in the late 1800s excluded fire from the mixed-conifer forest, resulting in a significant expansion of suitable MGRS habitat over the next century. Suitable habitat at the start of the MGRS monitoring program in 1989 was greater than at any time in the reconstructed p ...
nature trail at villa montalvo
... microorganisms, and the relatively self-contained environment in which they live and interact. Whether the ecosystem is small or large, it has two parts that you should recognize: a. The biotic portion, which consists of all the living things in their web of interactions (the ecological community) b ...
... microorganisms, and the relatively self-contained environment in which they live and interact. Whether the ecosystem is small or large, it has two parts that you should recognize: a. The biotic portion, which consists of all the living things in their web of interactions (the ecological community) b ...
Pollinators in Natural Areas
... Tscharntke 2002). For example, it has been shown that uncontrolled sheep grazing in mountain meadows removed enough flowering plants to eliminate bumble bees from study sites (Hatfield & LeBuhn 2007). Sugden (1985) hypothesized that sheep grazing harms pollinator habitat in four ways: destruction of ...
... Tscharntke 2002). For example, it has been shown that uncontrolled sheep grazing in mountain meadows removed enough flowering plants to eliminate bumble bees from study sites (Hatfield & LeBuhn 2007). Sugden (1985) hypothesized that sheep grazing harms pollinator habitat in four ways: destruction of ...
Effect of high temperatures on cone opening and on the release and
... Pinus seeds last for a very short time on the soil surface as they are eaten or attacked by many different organisms [2, 12, 13, 18, 19, 22, 24, 26]. Therefore, soil surface seed banks are quite ephemeral. In contrast, seeds stored in cones form a seed bank that is protected against predators. Likew ...
... Pinus seeds last for a very short time on the soil surface as they are eaten or attacked by many different organisms [2, 12, 13, 18, 19, 22, 24, 26]. Therefore, soil surface seed banks are quite ephemeral. In contrast, seeds stored in cones form a seed bank that is protected against predators. Likew ...
File
... over time. Alternatively, stability can be defined as the speed with which an ecosystem returns to a particular form following a major disturbance, such as a fire. This kind of stability is also called resilience. In that case, climax communities would be the most fragile and the least stable, since ...
... over time. Alternatively, stability can be defined as the speed with which an ecosystem returns to a particular form following a major disturbance, such as a fire. This kind of stability is also called resilience. In that case, climax communities would be the most fragile and the least stable, since ...
Succession in Ecosystems
... The pioneer community is usually made up of grasses and weeds. Insects, small mammals, and reptiles make their homes there. ...
... The pioneer community is usually made up of grasses and weeds. Insects, small mammals, and reptiles make their homes there. ...
THE EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON LANDSCAPE
... fires primarily are responsible for landscape structure, with less than 5% of the fires responsible for more than 95% of the area burned (Van Wagner, 1978). Fires in Great Lakes forests are most often surface fires that do no generate sufficient heat to destroy large trees, and rarely do they flare ...
... fires primarily are responsible for landscape structure, with less than 5% of the fires responsible for more than 95% of the area burned (Van Wagner, 1978). Fires in Great Lakes forests are most often surface fires that do no generate sufficient heat to destroy large trees, and rarely do they flare ...
Ecological Succession
... The Climax Community • A climax community is a mature, stable community that is the final stage of ecological succession. – In an ecosystem with a climax community, the conditions continue to be suitable for all the members of the community. – Any particular region has its own set of climax species ...
... The Climax Community • A climax community is a mature, stable community that is the final stage of ecological succession. – In an ecosystem with a climax community, the conditions continue to be suitable for all the members of the community. – Any particular region has its own set of climax species ...
Ecological Restoration
... According to this interpretation, ecological restoration means restoring processes and a set of conditions that are known to have existed for that ecosystem. From this point of view, we examine populations that have declined and ecosystems that have been damaged and try to learn what is lacking. The ...
... According to this interpretation, ecological restoration means restoring processes and a set of conditions that are known to have existed for that ecosystem. From this point of view, we examine populations that have declined and ecosystems that have been damaged and try to learn what is lacking. The ...
Terrestrial Herbaceous Ecosystems
... vulnerable to all types of human disturbance, and human influences should be minimized. Plants and soils are fragile and can be easily trampled or dislodged onto bare rock where they cannot re-establish. ATVs, horseback riding and mountain biking are inappropriate in these ecosystems. The use of ele ...
... vulnerable to all types of human disturbance, and human influences should be minimized. Plants and soils are fragile and can be easily trampled or dislodged onto bare rock where they cannot re-establish. ATVs, horseback riding and mountain biking are inappropriate in these ecosystems. The use of ele ...
Predator-prey interactions: lecture content
... Longleaf pine savannas of southeast are maintained indefinitely as the endpoint of succession, as long as fires are allowed to burn Depend on summer fires to burn off (kill) fireintolerant hardwood tree species Adapted exquisitely to tolerate (even promote?) fire In absence of fire, hardwoods ...
... Longleaf pine savannas of southeast are maintained indefinitely as the endpoint of succession, as long as fires are allowed to burn Depend on summer fires to burn off (kill) fireintolerant hardwood tree species Adapted exquisitely to tolerate (even promote?) fire In absence of fire, hardwoods ...
Post-fire recovery of eastern bristlebirds (Dasyornis brachypterus) is
... flora of Australia has evolved characteristics that allow survival after this disturbance ...
... flora of Australia has evolved characteristics that allow survival after this disturbance ...
Sierra1 - Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research
... topography and fuels (at present) are more-or-less continuous between collection sites, fire spread between most sites along the transects is possible. Fire spread between the three southern tansects is possible but unlikely because of distances (i.e., up to 30 km) and major barriers such as deep ri ...
... topography and fuels (at present) are more-or-less continuous between collection sites, fire spread between most sites along the transects is possible. Fire spread between the three southern tansects is possible but unlikely because of distances (i.e., up to 30 km) and major barriers such as deep ri ...
Unit Two - Friends of the Boundary Waters Wilderness
... All these different organisms represent biodiversity. Biodiversity is understood as the sum of all the plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms in the world, or in a particular area. The basic units of biodiversity are the species. Biodiversity includes all of the species individual variation and ...
... All these different organisms represent biodiversity. Biodiversity is understood as the sum of all the plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms in the world, or in a particular area. The basic units of biodiversity are the species. Biodiversity includes all of the species individual variation and ...
The Red Imported Fire Ant in California
... courses, and the general public. History The Red Imported Fire Ant, Solenopsis invicta, originates in lowland areas of South America, particularly Argentina and Brazil. When it is not ambiguous we will refer to them as ‘fire ants’, although there are other fire ants in California (see below). There ...
... courses, and the general public. History The Red Imported Fire Ant, Solenopsis invicta, originates in lowland areas of South America, particularly Argentina and Brazil. When it is not ambiguous we will refer to them as ‘fire ants’, although there are other fire ants in California (see below). There ...
Farm Ecosystems - Jones Valley Teaching Farm
... An ecological niche is “an animal or plant’s ‘job’ in nature. Every living thing has a special job or role that it plays within its environment that makes it special or different from every other organism. Producers: Plants are producers because they produce their own food from sunlight. The plant’s ...
... An ecological niche is “an animal or plant’s ‘job’ in nature. Every living thing has a special job or role that it plays within its environment that makes it special or different from every other organism. Producers: Plants are producers because they produce their own food from sunlight. The plant’s ...
Ecological Succession
... organic material • The soil layer thickens, and grasses, wildflowers, and other plants begin to take over • More shade ...
... organic material • The soil layer thickens, and grasses, wildflowers, and other plants begin to take over • More shade ...
Effects of El Niño and large-scale forest fires on the - UvA-DARE
... 1989, Woods 1989, Slik et al. 2002, van Nieuwstadt 2002). The combined effects of extreme drought and fire lead to more than 70% mortality of trees (>10 cm DBH) in once-burned areas two years after the fires in 1997-98 (van Nieuwstadt 2002). Animal populations are also affected by these forest fires ...
... 1989, Woods 1989, Slik et al. 2002, van Nieuwstadt 2002). The combined effects of extreme drought and fire lead to more than 70% mortality of trees (>10 cm DBH) in once-burned areas two years after the fires in 1997-98 (van Nieuwstadt 2002). Animal populations are also affected by these forest fires ...
Notes for From Theory to Practice: Landscape
... Just planning across a large area does not restore ecological functions – planning on a landscape level does not mean we’re necessarily working toward landscape restoration Wildfire is a maintainer of ecological function and processes. Used to have lots of fire all the time that maintained patchwork ...
... Just planning across a large area does not restore ecological functions – planning on a landscape level does not mean we’re necessarily working toward landscape restoration Wildfire is a maintainer of ecological function and processes. Used to have lots of fire all the time that maintained patchwork ...
Ecological Heterogeneity in the Effects of Grazing and Fire on
... richness depends on soil, disturbance, and the interaction between the two. Grazing by livestock may enhance grassland species diversity through the classical mechanism of reducing biomass and slowing competitive displacement (MacNaughton 1968; Noy-Meir 1995; Collins et al. 1998 ). It is used by con ...
... richness depends on soil, disturbance, and the interaction between the two. Grazing by livestock may enhance grassland species diversity through the classical mechanism of reducing biomass and slowing competitive displacement (MacNaughton 1968; Noy-Meir 1995; Collins et al. 1998 ). It is used by con ...
Fire and animal behavior
... game management we had been concerned primarily with "manmade" fires during the late fall, winter, and early spring months. By 1964 I was experimenting with summer fires on Birdsong, noticing behavioral- differences in certain insects, particularly in two species of grasshoppers (Komarek, 1965). In ...
... game management we had been concerned primarily with "manmade" fires during the late fall, winter, and early spring months. By 1964 I was experimenting with summer fires on Birdsong, noticing behavioral- differences in certain insects, particularly in two species of grasshoppers (Komarek, 1965). In ...
Plastics Flammability Handbook
... increasing heat in the enclosure will cause the breakage of windows and thereby create an opening. Methods for calculating the mass flow rates through vents are discussed in handbooks (e.g., [4], [5], and [6]). Flashover: The fire may continue to grow, either by increased burning rate, by flame spre ...
... increasing heat in the enclosure will cause the breakage of windows and thereby create an opening. Methods for calculating the mass flow rates through vents are discussed in handbooks (e.g., [4], [5], and [6]). Flashover: The fire may continue to grow, either by increased burning rate, by flame spre ...
Ecological Succession
... world. The types of grasses, fastgrowing trees, and climaxcommunity plants vary with the location and climate of an area. ...
... world. The types of grasses, fastgrowing trees, and climaxcommunity plants vary with the location and climate of an area. ...
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... Anthropogenic burning in dry dipterocarp forests has become a common phenomenon throughout Thailand. Too frequent fires may affect plant species composition, soil properties and processes, and nutrient dynamics, thereby impacting upon ecosystem productivity and sustainability. Conversely, complete f ...
... Anthropogenic burning in dry dipterocarp forests has become a common phenomenon throughout Thailand. Too frequent fires may affect plant species composition, soil properties and processes, and nutrient dynamics, thereby impacting upon ecosystem productivity and sustainability. Conversely, complete f ...
Fire ecology
Fire ecology is concerned with the processes linking the natural incidence of fire in an ecosystem and the ecological effects of this fire. Many ecosystems, particularly prairie, savanna, chaparral and coniferous forests, have evolved with fire as a necessary contributor to habitat vitality and renewal. Many plant species in naturally fire-affected environments require fire to germinate, establish, or to reproduce. Wildfire suppression not only eliminates these species, but also the animals that depend upon them. Finally, fire suppression can lead to the build-up of flammable debris and the creation of less frequent but much larger and more destructive wildfires.Campaigns in the United States have historically molded public opinion to believe that wildfires are always harmful to nature. This view is based on the outdated belief that ecosystems progress toward an equilibrium and that any disturbance, such as fire, disrupts the harmony of nature. More recent ecological research has shown, however, that fire is an integral component in the function and biodiversity of many natural habitats, and that the organisms within these communities have adapted to withstand, and even to exploit, natural wildfire. More generally, fire is now regarded as a 'natural disturbance', similar to flooding, wind-storms, and landslides, that has driven the evolution of species and controls the characteristics of ecosystems. The map below right shows how each ecosystem type in the United States has a characteristic frequency of fire, ranging from once every 10 years to once every 500 years. Natural disturbances can be described by key factors such as frequency, intensity and area. The map also shows intensity, since some fires are understory fires (light burns that affect mostly understory plants) while others are stand replacement fires (intense fires that tend to kill the adult trees as well.)Fire suppression, in combination with other human-caused environmental changes, has resulted in unforeseen consequences for natural ecosystems. Some uncharacteristically large wildfires in the United States have been caused as a consequence of years of fire suppression and the continuing expansion of people into fire-adapted ecosystems. Land managers are faced with tough questions regarding where to restore a natural fire regime.