Symbiotic Relationships WS
... #5: Certain fungi are consumers that obtain their food from plant roots. Thus, they live in close association with certain plants. As they grow, these fungi form large, underground, threadlike nets. These nets allow the plants to extend their roots systems. The larger root systems, in turn, help th ...
... #5: Certain fungi are consumers that obtain their food from plant roots. Thus, they live in close association with certain plants. As they grow, these fungi form large, underground, threadlike nets. These nets allow the plants to extend their roots systems. The larger root systems, in turn, help th ...
historical patterns of bushfire in southern western
... Bushfires are common in the semi-arid ecosystems of southern WA and can strongly influence ecosystem structure, composition, function, and long-term survival. There is increasing concern that changes to fire regimes as a result of human activities and a changing climate may lead to dramatic shifts i ...
... Bushfires are common in the semi-arid ecosystems of southern WA and can strongly influence ecosystem structure, composition, function, and long-term survival. There is increasing concern that changes to fire regimes as a result of human activities and a changing climate may lead to dramatic shifts i ...
Scientists have made very few studies of the effects of summer
... return to pre-fire levels. T h e rats have recovered quickly, but marsupial mice are still very few and far between. T h e scientists can't estimate how long recovery will take. Very little is known about the rates of dispersal that marsupial mouse populations can achieve. Also, how soon these anima ...
... return to pre-fire levels. T h e rats have recovered quickly, but marsupial mice are still very few and far between. T h e scientists can't estimate how long recovery will take. Very little is known about the rates of dispersal that marsupial mouse populations can achieve. Also, how soon these anima ...
DOI News Release 1.6.15 (.doc) - Great Plains Fire Science Exchange
... The accelerated invasion of non-native grasses and the spread of pinyon-juniper, along with drought and the effects of climate change, increased the threat of rangeland fires to the sagebrush landscape and the more than 350 species of plants and animals, such as mule deer and pronghorn, that rely on ...
... The accelerated invasion of non-native grasses and the spread of pinyon-juniper, along with drought and the effects of climate change, increased the threat of rangeland fires to the sagebrush landscape and the more than 350 species of plants and animals, such as mule deer and pronghorn, that rely on ...
Forest--ecology
... Disturbance regime: The severity, frequency, and extent of disturbances through time. Disturbance: A discrete event that removes or kills species. Landscape mosaic: The size and age of differently aged patches. This is controlled by the disturbance regime. ...
... Disturbance regime: The severity, frequency, and extent of disturbances through time. Disturbance: A discrete event that removes or kills species. Landscape mosaic: The size and age of differently aged patches. This is controlled by the disturbance regime. ...
Forests, Natural Parks, and Sustainability
... Soil is prone to wind and water erosion Once exposed and impacted, the soils can no longer support vegetation growth, thus they become desert-like or barren (desertification) ...
... Soil is prone to wind and water erosion Once exposed and impacted, the soils can no longer support vegetation growth, thus they become desert-like or barren (desertification) ...
Ecological Succession
... • Climax community: the final and stable community. • Climax community will continue to change in small ways, but left undisturbed, it will remain the same through time. ...
... • Climax community: the final and stable community. • Climax community will continue to change in small ways, but left undisturbed, it will remain the same through time. ...
VCE Biology Unit 2
... Changes are continually occurring within ecosystems without any human intervention. The natural replacement over time of one community by another community with different dominant species is termed natural succession. There are two kinds of succession: • Primary succession Different communities beco ...
... Changes are continually occurring within ecosystems without any human intervention. The natural replacement over time of one community by another community with different dominant species is termed natural succession. There are two kinds of succession: • Primary succession Different communities beco ...
Short term
... specialization and type of food) and 3) season in which it occurs. Note that this study is about large and high intensity fires because it is where we find the most remarkable effects on macromammals. ...
... specialization and type of food) and 3) season in which it occurs. Note that this study is about large and high intensity fires because it is where we find the most remarkable effects on macromammals. ...
disturbance
... • A disturbance is an event that changes a community, removes organisms from it, and alters resource availability • Disturbance is a natural component of ecosystems © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... • A disturbance is an event that changes a community, removes organisms from it, and alters resource availability • Disturbance is a natural component of ecosystems © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
File
... (1) Primary Succession – progression of species after the formation of new land (NO SOIL – mixture of mineral material, decaying organic material, and living organisms)) Ex: River deltas, lava fields, sand dunes, glacial deposits) Pioneer species - lichens and mosses Early successional plant s ...
... (1) Primary Succession – progression of species after the formation of new land (NO SOIL – mixture of mineral material, decaying organic material, and living organisms)) Ex: River deltas, lava fields, sand dunes, glacial deposits) Pioneer species - lichens and mosses Early successional plant s ...
Ecological Effects of Fire - School of Forest Resources & Conservation
... Mortality may develop slowly (even over a period of several years) Damage in one part of plant stresses other parts Secondary infection by insects or fungi Post burn environment matters (drought/rain) ...
... Mortality may develop slowly (even over a period of several years) Damage in one part of plant stresses other parts Secondary infection by insects or fungi Post burn environment matters (drought/rain) ...
High Pine Grasslands
... Deep roots, can outcompete for resources Fire dependent Without wiregrass, many other species missing Provides food for hundreds of organisms, who then are ...
... Deep roots, can outcompete for resources Fire dependent Without wiregrass, many other species missing Provides food for hundreds of organisms, who then are ...
The effects of fire on invertebrate food web structure
... the buttongrass moorlands of Tasmania Fiona Christie1, Karl Brennan2 and Alan York1 1 School of Forest & Ecosystem Science, The University of Melbourne, Creswick 3363, VIC 2 Department of Environment and Conservation, Kalgoorlie 6430, WA. ...
... the buttongrass moorlands of Tasmania Fiona Christie1, Karl Brennan2 and Alan York1 1 School of Forest & Ecosystem Science, The University of Melbourne, Creswick 3363, VIC 2 Department of Environment and Conservation, Kalgoorlie 6430, WA. ...
Fire and Grazing in the Northern Rivers Region
... While some burning and grazing regimes may be better than others for meeting particular management aims, diversity in regimes and across the landscape is also important. As well as helping out native species, patchiness associated with trees and the gaps between them adds to habitat diversity in for ...
... While some burning and grazing regimes may be better than others for meeting particular management aims, diversity in regimes and across the landscape is also important. As well as helping out native species, patchiness associated with trees and the gaps between them adds to habitat diversity in for ...
a summary of cool
... sufficiently distant that it isn't over-run by the fire. Possible containers include buckets, other human-carriable containers, and larger tanks that require a quad-bike, truck or vehicle and trailer. A camera is desirable, to enable the area to be photographed prior to the burn commencing. Carrying ...
... sufficiently distant that it isn't over-run by the fire. Possible containers include buckets, other human-carriable containers, and larger tanks that require a quad-bike, truck or vehicle and trailer. A camera is desirable, to enable the area to be photographed prior to the burn commencing. Carrying ...
The Chaparral Is Not Our Enemy - California Chaparral Institute
... other smoke condensate is sufficient to bring about their germination. Buried seeds are, however, susceptible to moist heat. This is one of the drawbacks of controlled burns, which are typically conducted in the spring when soils are usually wet. In a successful springtime controlled burn, the high ...
... other smoke condensate is sufficient to bring about their germination. Buried seeds are, however, susceptible to moist heat. This is one of the drawbacks of controlled burns, which are typically conducted in the spring when soils are usually wet. In a successful springtime controlled burn, the high ...
Chapter 13 Restoration Ecology
... Chapter 13 Restoration Ecology Restoration involves many methods designed to remediate damage to ecosystems. The amount of biodiversity indicates the health of an ecosystem. Restoring vital ecosystems and maintaining high levels of biodiversity ensure the ability of the ecosystem to recover from a s ...
... Chapter 13 Restoration Ecology Restoration involves many methods designed to remediate damage to ecosystems. The amount of biodiversity indicates the health of an ecosystem. Restoring vital ecosystems and maintaining high levels of biodiversity ensure the ability of the ecosystem to recover from a s ...
Ch 10 M/C review questions
... most likely use which method of tree cutting? Selective cutting Clear-cutting Strip cutting Seed-tree cutting Shelterwood cutting ...
... most likely use which method of tree cutting? Selective cutting Clear-cutting Strip cutting Seed-tree cutting Shelterwood cutting ...
CHAPARRAL ECOSYSTEM
... of the chaparral plants well adapted to resisting fire, but some of the species, such as laurel sumac, rely on fire for their persistence or rejuvenation. Some of the plants, such as toyon, chamise, and laurel sumac, have basal burls or root crowns from which branches resprout after a fire. Other ch ...
... of the chaparral plants well adapted to resisting fire, but some of the species, such as laurel sumac, rely on fire for their persistence or rejuvenation. Some of the plants, such as toyon, chamise, and laurel sumac, have basal burls or root crowns from which branches resprout after a fire. Other ch ...
the PDF document - Ministry of Forests, Lands and
... geomorphic activity such as landslides and debris or snow avalanches. Since many grassland and forested ecosystems are influenced by wildfires, it follows that fire is a major determinant of the different levels of biodiversity. Fire acts as an agent of natural selection in that it selects for or ag ...
... geomorphic activity such as landslides and debris or snow avalanches. Since many grassland and forested ecosystems are influenced by wildfires, it follows that fire is a major determinant of the different levels of biodiversity. Fire acts as an agent of natural selection in that it selects for or ag ...
Ecosystems
... •The term ‘ecology’ is derived from the Greek words oikos for ‘home’, and logos for ‘study’ and was first used in the mid 1800s. In those days, ecologists spent most of their time describing nature and less time developing models and theories as they do these days. •The ECOSYSTEM provides a framewor ...
... •The term ‘ecology’ is derived from the Greek words oikos for ‘home’, and logos for ‘study’ and was first used in the mid 1800s. In those days, ecologists spent most of their time describing nature and less time developing models and theories as they do these days. •The ECOSYSTEM provides a framewor ...
Ecological Succession Worksheet
... Because lichens and some mosses are among the first organisms to appear, they are called pioneer species. Pioneer species secrete acids that help break down rocks. As pioneer species die, their decaying organic materials mix with small pieces of rock. This is the first stage of soil development. Sma ...
... Because lichens and some mosses are among the first organisms to appear, they are called pioneer species. Pioneer species secrete acids that help break down rocks. As pioneer species die, their decaying organic materials mix with small pieces of rock. This is the first stage of soil development. Sma ...
FireWorks Glossary - Missoula Fire Lab
... corm: an underground storage organ of a plant. Perennials may reproduce from corms. crown: a tree's top, where most of the leaves and above-ground buds are found crown fire: fire that spreads in the crowns of trees and shrubs. Crown fires are usually ignited by surface fire. They are common in conif ...
... corm: an underground storage organ of a plant. Perennials may reproduce from corms. crown: a tree's top, where most of the leaves and above-ground buds are found crown fire: fire that spreads in the crowns of trees and shrubs. Crown fires are usually ignited by surface fire. They are common in conif ...
Chaparral - EcoAdapt
... climate change, and may lead to community shifts. Drought may favor sprouting species, while periods of high p recipitation may favor seeding species. Warming temperatures may affect community composition as mi ...
... climate change, and may lead to community shifts. Drought may favor sprouting species, while periods of high p recipitation may favor seeding species. Warming temperatures may affect community composition as mi ...
Fire ecology
Fire ecology is concerned with the processes linking the natural incidence of fire in an ecosystem and the ecological effects of this fire. Many ecosystems, particularly prairie, savanna, chaparral and coniferous forests, have evolved with fire as a necessary contributor to habitat vitality and renewal. Many plant species in naturally fire-affected environments require fire to germinate, establish, or to reproduce. Wildfire suppression not only eliminates these species, but also the animals that depend upon them. Finally, fire suppression can lead to the build-up of flammable debris and the creation of less frequent but much larger and more destructive wildfires.Campaigns in the United States have historically molded public opinion to believe that wildfires are always harmful to nature. This view is based on the outdated belief that ecosystems progress toward an equilibrium and that any disturbance, such as fire, disrupts the harmony of nature. More recent ecological research has shown, however, that fire is an integral component in the function and biodiversity of many natural habitats, and that the organisms within these communities have adapted to withstand, and even to exploit, natural wildfire. More generally, fire is now regarded as a 'natural disturbance', similar to flooding, wind-storms, and landslides, that has driven the evolution of species and controls the characteristics of ecosystems. The map below right shows how each ecosystem type in the United States has a characteristic frequency of fire, ranging from once every 10 years to once every 500 years. Natural disturbances can be described by key factors such as frequency, intensity and area. The map also shows intensity, since some fires are understory fires (light burns that affect mostly understory plants) while others are stand replacement fires (intense fires that tend to kill the adult trees as well.)Fire suppression, in combination with other human-caused environmental changes, has resulted in unforeseen consequences for natural ecosystems. Some uncharacteristically large wildfires in the United States have been caused as a consequence of years of fire suppression and the continuing expansion of people into fire-adapted ecosystems. Land managers are faced with tough questions regarding where to restore a natural fire regime.