Fluctuation-Induced Forces Between Atoms and
... where x0 is the (angular) frequency corresponding to k0 : This potential that scales with temperature is actually a free energy of interaction and is also known as the Keesom potential between polar molecules: there, the dipoles are rotating freely under the influence of thermal fluctuations [26]. I ...
... where x0 is the (angular) frequency corresponding to k0 : This potential that scales with temperature is actually a free energy of interaction and is also known as the Keesom potential between polar molecules: there, the dipoles are rotating freely under the influence of thermal fluctuations [26]. I ...
Mise en pratique for the candela and other photometric units
... interpolation shall be used [2,4]. For this function, the maximum value is at a wavelength of exactly 555 nm in standard air [4]. For dark-adapted conditions, the CIE standardized the scotopic luminous efficiency function, V´(), which is similar in shape to V() but its peak is shifted to shorter ...
... interpolation shall be used [2,4]. For this function, the maximum value is at a wavelength of exactly 555 nm in standard air [4]. For dark-adapted conditions, the CIE standardized the scotopic luminous efficiency function, V´(), which is similar in shape to V() but its peak is shifted to shorter ...
Atoms, entropy, quanta: Einstein`s miraculous argument of 1905
... radiation is a natural extension of what was already in Einstein’s work on molecular reality and Brownian motion. The result is astonishing; the approach and method is not. However, I will also argue that Einstein’s use of this signature in the case of heat radiation presented a novel challenge. For ...
... radiation is a natural extension of what was already in Einstein’s work on molecular reality and Brownian motion. The result is astonishing; the approach and method is not. However, I will also argue that Einstein’s use of this signature in the case of heat radiation presented a novel challenge. For ...
PDF - at www.arxiv.org.
... be the case for the energy flux and the von Neumann entropy of Hawking radiation of massless fields from a four-dimensional spherically symmetric black hole. For the emission of a conformally invariant scalar field, one might expect the Hawking radiation to be dominated by the scalar field modes tha ...
... be the case for the energy flux and the von Neumann entropy of Hawking radiation of massless fields from a four-dimensional spherically symmetric black hole. For the emission of a conformally invariant scalar field, one might expect the Hawking radiation to be dominated by the scalar field modes tha ...
Atoms, Entropy, Quanta - Philsci-Archive
... motion paper (1905c)—used it for ideal gases, dilute solutions and suspensions; and the Brownian motion paper contained a quite serviceable demonstration of the result. What Einstein did not mention in these papers of 1905 was that he was well prepared to deal with the macroscopic manifestations of ...
... motion paper (1905c)—used it for ideal gases, dilute solutions and suspensions; and the Brownian motion paper contained a quite serviceable demonstration of the result. What Einstein did not mention in these papers of 1905 was that he was well prepared to deal with the macroscopic manifestations of ...
Bousso`s Strings 2012 talk
... behavior on such scales. But in the Minkowski vacuum, modes with support on one side of a surface are maximally entangled with modes on the other side. (To see this, write |0iM as an entangled product of states on the left and right Rindler wedge.) This implies that Alice must see maximal entangleme ...
... behavior on such scales. But in the Minkowski vacuum, modes with support on one side of a surface are maximally entangled with modes on the other side. (To see this, write |0iM as an entangled product of states on the left and right Rindler wedge.) This implies that Alice must see maximal entangleme ...
Measurement of Quantum Fluctuations in Geometry
... spacetime are those that in principle can be mapped using locally measured signals in Planck-wavelength interferometers. Holographic indeterminacy arises as a consequence of wave/particle complementarity in a spacetime defined by such Planck wavelength waves: it is the limiting precision to which wo ...
... spacetime are those that in principle can be mapped using locally measured signals in Planck-wavelength interferometers. Holographic indeterminacy arises as a consequence of wave/particle complementarity in a spacetime defined by such Planck wavelength waves: it is the limiting precision to which wo ...
Reconstructing the dynamics of a movable mirror in a
... quantum fluctuations, which implies the modelization of the movable mirror in terms of a single quantum harmonic oscillator (or bosonic mode) with frequency ωm , effective mass m and energy decay rate γm . Moreover, we invoke the condition 2ωm L c (c is the speed of light and L the cavity length), ...
... quantum fluctuations, which implies the modelization of the movable mirror in terms of a single quantum harmonic oscillator (or bosonic mode) with frequency ωm , effective mass m and energy decay rate γm . Moreover, we invoke the condition 2ωm L c (c is the speed of light and L the cavity length), ...
CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
... 9. Each set of equilibrium concentrations is called an ______________________________. 10. There is only __________ equilibrium constant for a particular system at a particular temperature, but there are an ____________________ number of equilibrium positions. 11. The specific equilibrium position a ...
... 9. Each set of equilibrium concentrations is called an ______________________________. 10. There is only __________ equilibrium constant for a particular system at a particular temperature, but there are an ____________________ number of equilibrium positions. 11. The specific equilibrium position a ...
Theory of quantum light emission from a strongly
... an arbitrary inhomogeneous dielectric. For a planar PC medium (see Fig. 1), the medium Green function is of the form K(r, r ; ω ) = Kcav (r, r ; ω ) + Krad (r, r ; ω ), where the local and nonlocal cavity contributions are, respectively, Kcav (rd , rd ; ω ) = ωc2 |fc (rd )|2 /(ω 2 − ωc2 + iω Γc ) ...
... an arbitrary inhomogeneous dielectric. For a planar PC medium (see Fig. 1), the medium Green function is of the form K(r, r ; ω ) = Kcav (r, r ; ω ) + Krad (r, r ; ω ), where the local and nonlocal cavity contributions are, respectively, Kcav (rd , rd ; ω ) = ωc2 |fc (rd )|2 /(ω 2 − ωc2 + iω Γc ) ...
Elevated temperatures and ultraviolet radiation cause oxidative
... samples dry. Acetanilide was used for a standard. Prefiltered culture medium was passed through baked filters and used as blanks. Cell counts were obtained by flow cytometry (seebelow). These counts were log-transformed and used in a linear regression analysis to calculate growth rates. The slopes ( ...
... samples dry. Acetanilide was used for a standard. Prefiltered culture medium was passed through baked filters and used as blanks. Cell counts were obtained by flow cytometry (seebelow). These counts were log-transformed and used in a linear regression analysis to calculate growth rates. The slopes ( ...
(Haroche) File
... The decrease for A/2d> 1.015 is an artifact caused by the ionization of the atoms by the electric field. The experimenters at Yale6 suppressed spontaneous emission in the near infrared using a geometry similar to the MIT experiment but with the much smaller waveguide structure shown in figure 2a. Th ...
... The decrease for A/2d> 1.015 is an artifact caused by the ionization of the atoms by the electric field. The experimenters at Yale6 suppressed spontaneous emission in the near infrared using a geometry similar to the MIT experiment but with the much smaller waveguide structure shown in figure 2a. Th ...
Chapter 28
... 55. The wave and particle characteristics of light are demonstrated a. in the photoelectric effect. b. in the Compton effect. c. in single slit diffraction. d. in double slit interference. e. only in separate experiments. ANS: e 56. When electrons interact with a double slit, a. each electron passes ...
... 55. The wave and particle characteristics of light are demonstrated a. in the photoelectric effect. b. in the Compton effect. c. in single slit diffraction. d. in double slit interference. e. only in separate experiments. ANS: e 56. When electrons interact with a double slit, a. each electron passes ...
CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM (Part II)II)
... The chemical equilibria can be affected by several factors Affecting the chemical equilibrium of a factors. Affecting the chemical equilibrium of a chemical reaction may result with an increase or decrease of the amount of its products. Le Châtelier's principle can be used to predict the eff ...
... The chemical equilibria can be affected by several factors Affecting the chemical equilibrium of a factors. Affecting the chemical equilibrium of a chemical reaction may result with an increase or decrease of the amount of its products. Le Châtelier's principle can be used to predict the eff ...
einstein`s revolutionary light–quantum hypothesis
... photoelectric effect”. That was only one of three experimental supports he cited for it, so to call Einstein’s paper his “photoelectric-effect paper” is completely false historically and utterly trivializes Einstein’s achievement. In January 1909 Einstein presented a further argument for light quant ...
... photoelectric effect”. That was only one of three experimental supports he cited for it, so to call Einstein’s paper his “photoelectric-effect paper” is completely false historically and utterly trivializes Einstein’s achievement. In January 1909 Einstein presented a further argument for light quant ...
Statistical Entropy of Radiation: Different Approaches
... von Neumann told him: "You should call it entropy, for two reasons ... In the second place, and more important, nobody knows what entropy really is". Now a number of problems in quantum and statistical optics requires the concept of radiation entropy, but at the moment there are a lot of different e ...
... von Neumann told him: "You should call it entropy, for two reasons ... In the second place, and more important, nobody knows what entropy really is". Now a number of problems in quantum and statistical optics requires the concept of radiation entropy, but at the moment there are a lot of different e ...
Minimal length scales for the existence of local temperature
... After having introduced and discussed the conception, when temperature is defined to exist locally, we now turn to describe the approach to analyse its existence. Since temperature is defined to exist locally, i.e. for a given part of the system we consider, if the respective part is in a thermal equi ...
... After having introduced and discussed the conception, when temperature is defined to exist locally, we now turn to describe the approach to analyse its existence. Since temperature is defined to exist locally, i.e. for a given part of the system we consider, if the respective part is in a thermal equi ...
Analysis of radiation patterns of rectangular microstrip
... Fig. 1 shows a rectangular microstrip antenna fed by a microstrip line. It can also be fed by a coaxial line, with its inner and outer conductors connected to the patch and ground plane, respectively. The height h of the substrate is typically of a fraction of the wavelength, such as h = 0.05λ , and ...
... Fig. 1 shows a rectangular microstrip antenna fed by a microstrip line. It can also be fed by a coaxial line, with its inner and outer conductors connected to the patch and ground plane, respectively. The height h of the substrate is typically of a fraction of the wavelength, such as h = 0.05λ , and ...
on the excess photon noise in single
... completely uncorrelated. Then the total noise spectrum is described again by formula (ga), if outside the brackets 73 is replaced b y ~total/e and inside the brackets by ~-.~total/e, when the photocell sensitivity is equal for both polarization directions. As long as the dimensions of the photocell ...
... completely uncorrelated. Then the total noise spectrum is described again by formula (ga), if outside the brackets 73 is replaced b y ~total/e and inside the brackets by ~-.~total/e, when the photocell sensitivity is equal for both polarization directions. As long as the dimensions of the photocell ...
On the speed of fluctuations around
... form of a typical state on the system with a fixed state on the bath have very similar equilibrium states. Furthermore, simple examples, such as Hamiltonians with tensor product eigenstates, show that without any additional assumptions on the correlation properties of the eigenstates, one cannot exp ...
... form of a typical state on the system with a fixed state on the bath have very similar equilibrium states. Furthermore, simple examples, such as Hamiltonians with tensor product eigenstates, show that without any additional assumptions on the correlation properties of the eigenstates, one cannot exp ...
Document
... 1. The concentrations of the reacting species in the condensed phase are expressed in M. In the gaseous phase, the concentrations can be expressed in M or in atm. 2. The concentrations of pure solids, pure liquids and solvents do not appear in the equilibrium constant expressions. 3. The equilibrium ...
... 1. The concentrations of the reacting species in the condensed phase are expressed in M. In the gaseous phase, the concentrations can be expressed in M or in atm. 2. The concentrations of pure solids, pure liquids and solvents do not appear in the equilibrium constant expressions. 3. The equilibrium ...
chapter_14 Equilibr
... 1. The concentrations of the reacting species in the condensed phase are expressed in M. In the gaseous phase, the concentrations can be expressed in M or in atm. 2. The concentrations of pure solids, pure liquids and solvents do not appear in the equilibrium constant expressions. 3. The equilibrium ...
... 1. The concentrations of the reacting species in the condensed phase are expressed in M. In the gaseous phase, the concentrations can be expressed in M or in atm. 2. The concentrations of pure solids, pure liquids and solvents do not appear in the equilibrium constant expressions. 3. The equilibrium ...
chap15pptlecture_chapte.ppt [Read-Only]
... If a reaction can be expressed as the sum of two or more reactions, the equilibrium constant for the overall reaction is given by the product of the equilibrium constants of the individual reactions. ...
... If a reaction can be expressed as the sum of two or more reactions, the equilibrium constant for the overall reaction is given by the product of the equilibrium constants of the individual reactions. ...
3.9 Mb - Todd Satogata
... § A system in static equilibrium undergoes no angular or linear acceleration. § Basically Newton’s first law • Hint: A system that is moving at constant velocity is still in equilibrium since its linear and angular accelerations are zero! ...
... § A system in static equilibrium undergoes no angular or linear acceleration. § Basically Newton’s first law • Hint: A system that is moving at constant velocity is still in equilibrium since its linear and angular accelerations are zero! ...