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An Analysis of the Arabidopsis Pollen
An Analysis of the Arabidopsis Pollen

... vegetative tissues in a study by Pina et al. (Pina et al., 2005). This was an expansion of an earlier study by Becker et al. (Becker et al., 2003) that used ATH8 microarrays covering about one-third of the Arabidopsis genome. In both studies, viable, hydrated pollen grains were sorted from other pol ...
Lecture 11-POSTED-BISC441-2012
Lecture 11-POSTED-BISC441-2012

... Especially strong potential conflicts in humans, which have enormous levels of parental investment; costs associated with infanticide are much larger than early miscarriage costs ...
Mechanisms and constraints shaping the evolution of body plan
Mechanisms and constraints shaping the evolution of body plan

... gene regulatory network determines the direction and nature of regulatory interactions among genes. Together with a set of rules or equations that specify how regulatory inputs impinging on a gene are integrated to define its expression level, this dictates the dynamics of gene expression. In a subse ...
statgen9
statgen9

...  Note that this is the probability of observing exactly N-J matches and exactly J mismatches. We may also wish to know the probability of finding at least N-J matches, which requires summing the probability for I=0 to I=J. ...
Interaction of a GATA factor with cis-acting elements involved in light
Interaction of a GATA factor with cis-acting elements involved in light

... also showed that a nuclear factor (GAPF) from tobacco bound specifically to the GAP boxes in gel mobility shift assays [12,18]. Recently, by saturation linker-scan mutagenesis of promoter constructs in transgenic Arabidopsis, we identified additional cis-acting elements in the promoter of GAPB [19]. M ...
Expression of the six chromate ion transporter
Expression of the six chromate ion transporter

... in its three replicons (Table 1). These include four members of the LCHR family of long proteins: two of subfamily LCHR1 (ChrA1a and ChrA1b), and one each of subfamilies LCHR6 (ChrA6) and LCHR2 (ChrA2); and two members of the SCHR family of paired short proteins, both of subfamily SCHR1 (Chr1NCa and ...
comparative evolution and development of the butterfly eyespot and
comparative evolution and development of the butterfly eyespot and

... focused on the eyespots of the tropical African butterfly Bicyclus anynana (discussed in Brakefield 1998). In this system, it has been shown that there is additive genetic variance for different characteristics of the eyespot such as size, color proportion, and shape (Monteiro et al. 1994, 1997a, 19 ...


... and Staphylococcus aureus were also isolated as the sole agent in some samples. In general, research on avian cellulitis shows that Escherichia coli is the most frequently encountered bacterium in this type of lesion. The results of the present study are consistent with the findings of other authors ...
Conserved syntenic clusters of protein coding genes are missing in birds
Conserved syntenic clusters of protein coding genes are missing in birds

... many conserved genes that could not be found in the previous assembly (for example, [20]), and yielded significant BLAT-alignments for approximately 96% of genes from a positive control search set consisting of randomly selected lizard gene models with known orthologs in birds). Lastly, this subset ...
Guideline on live recombinant vector vaccines for veterinary use
Guideline on live recombinant vector vaccines for veterinary use

... bacteria or viruses) that are non-pathogenic or have a low pathogenicity for the target species and in which have been inserted one or more genes encoding antigens that stimulate an immune response protective against other micro-organisms. Recombinant live vector vaccines: Recombinant live vector va ...
The ECF sigma factors of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2)
The ECF sigma factors of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2)

... ␴ subunit that associates with the core enzyme. This key role of ␴ in promoter recognition suggests a mechanism for the coordinate control of gene expression using alternative forms of ␴ and different subsets of promoters, an idea that was first proposed as soon as the role of ␴ was established (Burg ...
Preventing the Discovery of Plaintiff Genetic Profiles by Defendants
Preventing the Discovery of Plaintiff Genetic Profiles by Defendants

... intoxicated driver was speeding to a delivery and failed to stop for a red light. As a result of the accident, Dr. Smith has become quadriplegic and will be unable to perform surgery again. In a negligence action against Zippy Express, a key component of Dr. Smith's economic damages is her lost inco ...
Waleed Abdellatief Abd elhleem _paper manuscript
Waleed Abdellatief Abd elhleem _paper manuscript

... autoimmune disease with a complex pathogenesis involving multiple genetic and environmental factors. The disease is characterized by autoantibody production, abnormalities of immune inflammatory system function and inflammatory manifestation in several organs. However, the complete etiology of SLE i ...
Pro-Apoptotic Role of the Human YPEL5 Gene Identified by
Pro-Apoptotic Role of the Human YPEL5 Gene Identified by

... cellular senescence in human cell lines, and its expression is regulated by the tumor suppressor protein p53, with lower expression in several human tumors [5-7]. These previous observations raised the possibility that human YPEL family proteins play an important role in the regulation of cell divis ...
Classification of Life
Classification of Life

... number of similar species •The genus Homo is an exception (only contains modern humans) Classification is based on evolutionary relationships ...
Genetics of mammalian meiosis: regulation, dynamics and impact
Genetics of mammalian meiosis: regulation, dynamics and impact

... chromosomes begin to align but are not yet paired. A chromosomal scaffold begins to form through the assembly of axial elements (AEs) from cohesin proteins (for example, REC8 and structural maintenance of chromosomes 1B (SMC1B)) and synaptonemal complex (SC)-specific proteins, such as SYCP3 and SYCP ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)

... to the offspring, while in other cases they can hamper meiosis up to the arrest of gametogenesis, or may give rise to unbalanced gametes (13,14,15,16,17,18,19). Most diagnosed CCRs are three-way rearrangements, and only a minority consists of highly complex aberrations (20, 21). When the number of b ...
DNA Sequence Capture and Enrichment by Microarray Followed by
DNA Sequence Capture and Enrichment by Microarray Followed by

... management of massive amounts of data and potential interference from highly homologous sequences (e.g., pseudogenes) (10 ). Because the NGS technology is so new, QC of the sequence data (including the accuracy of reads, quality scores for reads, and sequencingcoverage needs) has not yet been well d ...
Functional tests of enhancer conservation between
Functional tests of enhancer conservation between

2 - cellbiochem.ca
2 - cellbiochem.ca

... • Antibiotic resistance gene: allow for selection for bacterial cells that have taken up the vector ...
Rapid evolution in response to high4 emperat ure select ion
Rapid evolution in response to high4 emperat ure select ion

... high-temperature lines (coefficient of correlation r = -0.088, 4 d.f., P > 0.5). One possible explanation for this lack of correlation across lines is heterogeneity among alleles in their effects on a correlated To examine this possibility we first computed the overall ratio of the correlated respon ...
Comparison of Identified TSS Locations to Other
Comparison of Identified TSS Locations to Other

... and human genomes using ESTs previously [75]. By assessing all TSSs, regardless of initiation pattern, we allowed for several alternative TSSs of the same gene to have different condition associations. For each condition, the penalized entropy values (Qtss) naturally segregated into three groups tha ...
Minireview Alpha Satellite and the Quest for the Human Centromere
Minireview Alpha Satellite and the Quest for the Human Centromere

... differ considerably even in closely related species. The sequences tend to be A1T-rich, have monomer subunits of nucleosome size, and possess a natural DNA curvature, but these are general characteristics of many satellite sequences. These observations can be explained if centromere function is spec ...
Biology 30 June 1999 Grade 12 Diploma Exam
Biology 30 June 1999 Grade 12 Diploma Exam

... away with dark foreboding as your heart races and your stomach becomes nauseous.” This description was given by a person experiencing a “panic attack” induced by the injection of cholecystokinin (CCK). CCK is a molecule with different functions in different parts of the body. In the brain, it acts a ...
Ref - SQA
Ref - SQA

... elicit stereotyped responses called fixed action patterns which are species-specific. Feeding of young by parent birds.” Fixed action patterns under genetic control, once initiated go to completion, resistant to change by experience, some variability between individuals and can produce complex behav ...
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Microevolution

Microevolution is the change in allele frequencies that occur over time within a population. This change is due to four different processes: mutation, selection (natural and artificial), gene flow, and genetic drift. This change happens over a relatively short (in evolutionary terms) amount of time compared to the changes termed 'macroevolution' which is where greater differences in the population occur.Population genetics is the branch of biology that provides the mathematical structure for the study of the process of microevolution. Ecological genetics concerns itself with observing microevolution in the wild. Typically, observable instances of evolution are examples of microevolution; for example, bacterial strains that have antibiotic resistance.Microevolution over time leads to speciation or the appearance of novel structure, sometimes classified as macroevolution. Macro and microevolution describe fundamentally identical processes on different scales.
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