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NLAS7223C High-Speed USB 2.0 (480 Mbps)
NLAS7223C High-Speed USB 2.0 (480 Mbps)

... “Typical” parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. ...
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... The on-chip reference and control amplifier are configured for maximum accuracy and flexibility. The AD9754 can be driven by the on-chip reference or by a variety of external reference voltages. The internal control amplifier, which provides a wide (>10:1) adjustment span, allows the AD9754 full-sca ...
Design and Application of Full Digital Control System for LLC
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... efficiency and low EMI (Electromagnetic Interference) noise. Despite of that, their utilization in most of industry and consumer applications is still limited due to their disadvantages. The perspective topology for such application is LLC resonant converter (Fig. 1), which exists for very long time ...
Unit 16 Inductance in AC Circuits
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... appear over multiple pages of the unit "as built" wiring diagram. The entire circuit consists of high voltage supply power to the fan motor, 24VAC fan control, 0-10VDC for fan speed control and 24VAC for the alarm input(s) to the controller. The following example is for a unit with 3 EC fans; as alw ...
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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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