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CONFERENCE-Implementation-and-design-of-Fuzzy
CONFERENCE-Implementation-and-design-of-Fuzzy

LTM4601HV - 12A 28VIN DC/DC uModule with PLL, Output
LTM4601HV - 12A 28VIN DC/DC uModule with PLL, Output

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Interfacing AES3 and S/PDIF
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Electronic gadgets for the evil genius
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... McGraw-Hill Companies and/or its affiliates in the United States and other countries and may not be used without written permission. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. The McGraw-Hill Companies is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. Inform ...
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180 o - McGraw Hill Higher Education

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Fine-Grained DVFS Using On-Chip Regulators - UGent

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... The equation describing the basic electrical response of the Wheatstone Bridge circuit has been developed in the preceding section. In the following discussions we will examine the effects of changes in various parameters and will consider several wiring configurations that find application in strai ...
testing grounding systems - Wyoming Department of Workforce
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BDTIC  www.BDTIC.com/infineon
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Slide 1
Slide 1

IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE)
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE)

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1 - Monash University Research Repository
1 - Monash University Research Repository

... Figure 4.8: 3 ro harmonic impedance as seen by a locomotive load at different positions along feeder section, before and after compensation (K=-0.2, a>c= 5rad/s) ...
< 1 ... 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 ... 2207 >

Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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