• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Ovonic unified memory.doc
Ovonic unified memory.doc

... the four most significant address bits. In simulations, stray capacitance was predicted to cause excessive read settling time when more than 16 columns were connected to a sense amp. Each column has its own write current river, which also performs the column select function for write operations. ...
Efficient Far-Field Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting for Passively
Efficient Far-Field Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting for Passively

... of the MOS transistor [24]. In genthe channel resistance eral, cascading multiple rectifier stages in series causes capacitive components to increase linearly with the number of stages while providing parallel paths causes the resistive component to decrease. With a large number of stages, the resis ...
A 0.9V 150MHz 10mW 4mm2 2-D Discrete Cosine Transform Core
A 0.9V 150MHz 10mW 4mm2 2-D Discrete Cosine Transform Core

... channel width of M4. This implies that XLCM is determined only by the transistor size ratio and independent of the power supply voltage, temperature, and process fluctuation. Figure 5 shows simulated variation of XLCM due to circuit condition changes and process fluctuation. The variation is within ...
Programmable Membership Function Circuits Using Analog MOS
Programmable Membership Function Circuits Using Analog MOS

... root of the current source when the amplifier operates in its linear region, and the VCCk converts an input voltage Vinf-k into a current Ij with a square law. If we used a voltage to current converter to drive the current source of a transconductance amplifier, then the proposed circuit in figure 7 ...
BQ2040 数据资料 dataSheet 下载
BQ2040 数据资料 dataSheet 下载

... RM counts up during charge to a maximum value of FCC and down during discharge and self-discharge to 0. RM is set to the battery low amount after the EDV1 threshold has been reached. If RM is already equal to or less than the battery low amount, RM is not modified. If RM reaches the battery low amou ...
QUICKANSWERS Reference Guide
QUICKANSWERS Reference Guide

... providing enhanced features such as higher efficiency, improved lamp starting, end-of-lamp-life sensing, circuitry to limit in-rush current, and constant light output over a wide range of input voltages. Audible Noise (Sound): All fluorescent lamp ballasts produce some noise. OSRAM SYLVANIA brand ba ...
Motivating Software-Driven Current Balancing in Flexible Voltage-Stacked Multicore Processors
Motivating Software-Driven Current Balancing in Flexible Voltage-Stacked Multicore Processors

... and charge conservation, such a configuration can achieve automatic voltage regulation that operates on a per-core granularity and on a fine timescale. In the most general case, when cores’ connection topology to the voltage plane can be reconfigured, we call this technique flexible voltage stacking ...
npn Transistors
npn Transistors

... In our last topic we looked at the use of op-amps being used as voltage comparators and discovered that the output current limitations of these devices were quite poor, with outputs limited to approximately 30mA, which is o.k. for led’s but not much use for anything else. In this topic we are going ...
A Recursive Switched-Capacitor DC-DC Converter Achieving Ratios
A Recursive Switched-Capacitor DC-DC Converter Achieving Ratios

... voltages, constricting efficient DVS operation to small supply voltage ranges. Increasing the number of reconfigurable ratios can solve this; however, doing so introduces two main challenges: capacitance utilization and relative sizing. In a fully integrated SC converter, the achievable efficiency i ...
136 KB - Socionext
136 KB - Socionext

... These cells offer the minimum level of leakage current in the semiconductor industry, and are able to implement a mixture of core transistors with four different threshold voltages, as appropriate for the applications ranging from handheld terminals to digital audiovisual equipment. The integration ...
Measuring specificities of dissipation factor of electrical equipment in
Measuring specificities of dissipation factor of electrical equipment in

... The first voltmeter measures the voltage on bench-mark capacitor CN, but the second voltmeter measures the voltage on examination object through its capacitance CX. Those voltages are converted to real and imaginary component and thereafter object’s capacitance (CX) and dielectric losses (tanδX) are ...
When power interruptions happen.
When power interruptions happen.

... infers the location of interruptions based on input from both system monitoring equipment and customer calls. Dead-end structure: A distribution or transmission pole where the tension of an overhead line is terminated. There are two main types of dead-end structures. One type of dead-end is when the ...
64-Position Up/Down Control Digital Potentiometer AD5227
64-Position Up/Down Control Digital Potentiometer AD5227

Short-circuit - analysis and calculation
Short-circuit - analysis and calculation

... circuit power, positive sequence short-circuit impedance matrix, negative sequence short-circuit impedance matrix, zero sequence short-circuit impedance matrix incurred a damage or deformation of electrical, mechanical or thermal character. It is therefore necessary, due to the dangerous effects of ...
2.6.2 Npn Transistors Word Document | GCE AS/A
2.6.2 Npn Transistors Word Document | GCE AS/A

... In our last topic we looked at the use of op-amps being used as voltage comparators and discovered that the output current limitations of these devices were quite poor, with outputs limited to approximately 30mA, which is o.k. for led’s but not much use for anything else. In this topic we are going ...
DC1923A - Linear Technology
DC1923A - Linear Technology

... a wide VIN and VOUT range. ...
Cover Page - Howard Industries
Cover Page - Howard Industries

... Line Current Input: Line drop compensation is provided by a current transformer input with a 0.2 A full scale rating. A Beckwith Electric model M-0121 (5 A to 0.2 A) or M-0169A (5 A or 8.66 A to 0.2 A) Auxiliary Current Transformer is available when required. The burden imposed on the current source ...
Analysis and design of class-B dual fed distributed power amplifiers
Analysis and design of class-B dual fed distributed power amplifiers

MPX4080D
MPX4080D

... implementers to use Freescale Semiconductor products. There are no express or implied copyright licenses granted hereunder to design or fabricate any integrated circuits or integrated circuits based on the information in this document. Freescale Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes witho ...
Detailed Course Lectures (PowerPoint file)
Detailed Course Lectures (PowerPoint file)

Backplane Transceiver TechnologiesBackplane Designer`s Guide
Backplane Transceiver TechnologiesBackplane Designer`s Guide

Hola Agustin - Portal UniMAP
Hola Agustin - Portal UniMAP

... field between the pole pieces. Pole pieces: The pole pieces like transformer cores, are usually made of many thin laminations of iron, joined together and bolted to the inside of the frame. These pole pieces provide a support for the field coils and are designed to produce a concentrated field. By l ...
Very Low Power 6-Output PCIe Clock Buffer With On
Very Low Power 6-Output PCIe Clock Buffer With On

Honors Physics Unit 11 Notes
Honors Physics Unit 11 Notes

... Resistance to Current, continued • For many materials resistance is constant over a range of potential differences. These materials obey Ohm’s Law and are called ohmic materials. • Ohm’s low does not hold for all materials. Such materials are called non-ohmic. • Resistance depends on length, cross-s ...
37XR - Diotronic
37XR - Diotronic

... Additional Features ......................................................................................... 7 Input Test Lead Warning.............................................................................. 7 True-rms Measurements............................................................... ...
< 1 ... 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 ... 2207 >

Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report