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74CBTLVD3244 1. General description 8-bit level-shifting bus switch with 4-bit output enables
74CBTLVD3244 1. General description 8-bit level-shifting bus switch with 4-bit output enables

... disabled when the associated nOE input is HIGH. Schmitt trigger action at control inputs makes the circuit tolerant of slower input rise and fall times. This device is fully specified for partial power-down applications using IOFF. The IOFF circuitry disables the output, preventing the damaging back ...
Generating A Sine Wave - McGraw Hill Higher Education
Generating A Sine Wave - McGraw Hill Higher Education

CHAPTER 1:  INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

... It has been shown that the input impedance matching plays an important role in achieving minimum noise figure and that an optimal source impedance exists for achieving the best noise performance [5]. This impedance is usually different than for maximum power transfer. LNA design entails achieving a ...
Noise Figure for an equivalent temperature of 75 K
Noise Figure for an equivalent temperature of 75 K

... Rapid and random movement of electrons within a conductor due to thermal agitation.  Is present in all electronic components and communications systems.  Is a form of additive noise, meaning that it cannot be eliminated and it increases in intensity with the number of devices in a circuit and with ...
DATA SHEET OMRON H3CR-A TIMER
DATA SHEET OMRON H3CR-A TIMER

... 3. Models with 24-to-48-VAC or 12-to-48-VDC power supply have inrush current. Caution is thus required when turning ON and OFF power to the Timer with a non-contact output from a device such as a sensor. (Models with an inrush current of approximately 50 mA and a 24VDC power supply are available (th ...
Dear Valued Customer, We are honored that you chose the P1 Dual
Dear Valued Customer, We are honored that you chose the P1 Dual

... work together, each one processing a single channel, one phono stage board in each chassis). These configurations can be further enhanced with the addition of one or two X1 External power supply units. The P1 is a pure Class A discrete transistor based circuitry. This results is ultra low noise, hig ...
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Study of Ion Beam Sputtering using a Glow Discharge Ion Source

... source are high output ion beam current and small size. Operation of this ion source is quite simple since a stable discharge can be obtained within a large range of main parameters such as, discharge voltage, discharge current and gas pressure. The sputtering yield is found to be varied between 0.4 ...
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MAX13342E/MAX13345E 3-Wire Interface Full-Speed USB Transceivers With/Without Internal Series Resistors General Description

... with a 1µF (min) low-ESR capacitor, such as ceramic or plastic film types. VTRM provides power to internal circuitry and the internal D+ pullup resistor. Do not use VTRM to power external circuitry. These USB transceivers can also be powered by an externally regulated 3.3V supply connected to both V ...
A.C. Chow and D.J. Perreault, “Active EMI Filters for Automotive Motor Drives,” 2002 IEEE Workshop on Power Electronics in Transportation , Auburn Hills, MI, October 2002, pp. 127-134.
A.C. Chow and D.J. Perreault, “Active EMI Filters for Automotive Motor Drives,” 2002 IEEE Workshop on Power Electronics in Transportation , Auburn Hills, MI, October 2002, pp. 127-134.

... drive a brushless motor for the EHPS system. The electrical motor replaces the belt-drive for a hydraulic fluid pump, and allows for more efficient operation of the power steering system. The inverter has a fundamental switching frequency of 10 KHz and a peak input current of 70 amps. The structure ...
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... motor. A device that routinely disconnects then reapplies line power to the controller for the purpose of starting and stopping the motor should not be used. If it is necessary to use this method for starting and stopping or if frequent cycling of power is unavoidable, make sure that it does not occ ...
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An Active Damper for Stabilizing Power Electronics- Based AC Systems

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... an opposition against an alternating current flow, as well called bioimpedance. Due to this property, it is possible to distinguish unequivocally between two tissues, cells or organs with a simple impedance measurement. The Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive technique which uses ...
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Fuji PYZ5 PID

... 6 The current detector (CT) comes in 2 types, 0-30A type (CTL-6-SF) and 20-50A type (CTL-12-S36-8F). It should be set to the heater current being used. 6 For setting alarm point, the parameter Hb is used. 6 Setting of alarm set point ① With the controller output set to ON, apply a current to the hea ...
M40Z300W
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... provide the energy required for data retention. On a subsequent power-up, the SRAM remains write protected until a valid power condition returns. The 28-pin, 330mil SOIC provides sockets with gold plated contacts for direct connection to a separate SNAPHAT housing containing the battery. The SNAPHAT ...
TM-11-5099 - Liberated Manuals
TM-11-5099 - Liberated Manuals

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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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