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Current and Resistance
Current and Resistance

ELEC 195 - Circuits Theory II - MyWeb at WIT
ELEC 195 - Circuits Theory II - MyWeb at WIT

Velocity and Motion sensors (1)
Velocity and Motion sensors (1)

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STN83003

... maintaining the wide RBSOA. The STN83003 is expressly designed for a new solution to be used in compact fluorescent lamps, where it is coupled with the STN93003, its complementary PNP transistor. ...
Circuit Practical Activity
Circuit Practical Activity

... To measure how much current is flowing through a circuit, the current needs to flow through the ammeter. Recall that when we measured voltage differences, we attached the voltmeter in parallel with whatever we were measuring. To measure current, the ammeter needs to be placed in series with the elem ...
Summary of lesson
Summary of lesson

Zener Diode Voltage Regulator Circuit
Zener Diode Voltage Regulator Circuit

... 3. Select the Power Rating of the Zener Diode Zener diodes are available in a range of difference power ratings. If a large current flows through a small zener diode it will be destroyed, therefore we calculate the power to be lost in the diode and select a diode rated above that value. Here the zen ...
An Improved Topology for Symmetric, Asymmetric and
An Improved Topology for Symmetric, Asymmetric and

... Abstract: Multilevel converters have been used for several applications such as static reactive power compensation, adjustable speed drives, renewable energy sources, and so on. The principal function of multilevel converter is to synthesize a desired ac voltage from several separate dc sources. Man ...
KB ELECTRONICS, INC. 12095 NW 39th Street, Coral Springs
KB ELECTRONICS, INC. 12095 NW 39th Street, Coral Springs

Series Circuits HW
Series Circuits HW

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Measuring e/k

... hFE of a transistor is the current gain or amplification factor of a transistor. hFE (which is also referred to as β) is the factor by which the base current is amplified. A transistor works by feeding a base current into the base of the transistor. The base current is then amplified by hFE to yield ...
Using Solid State Relays in parallel and/or series
Using Solid State Relays in parallel and/or series

... of the first relay. The first relay will carry on conducting the full load until it fails, at which point the second will turn on, also to then fail at some point due to overcurrent Do not connect AC outputs in parallel ...
A 23pW, 780ppm/°C Resistor-less Current Reference Using
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AN-16o data sheet v5.3.indd
AN-16o data sheet v5.3.indd

... The Aviom AN-16/o shall provide sixteen channels of digital-to-analog conversion from signals transmitted digitally via an A-Net® network. It shall provide fullbandwidth, high-quality audio by employing the Aviom A-Net audio transmission protocol. It shall employ 24-bit D/A converters with a 48kHz s ...
Student Activity PDF - TI Education
Student Activity PDF - TI Education

... current (I) which is measured in amperes (A). 1 A = 1 C/s (1 coulomb of charge per second) Loads: use the electrical energy by transforming it into some other form of energy such as heat, light, or mechanical work. Some examples of loads include light bulbs (used in this circuit), resistors, heating ...
Chap. 17 Conceptual Modules Giancoli
Chap. 17 Conceptual Modules Giancoli

ASUS Powerpoint Template
ASUS Powerpoint Template

... All dots • What is the “all dots”? “All dots” means that there is only power supplied to DEBUG CARD, but no RESET# or CLK signals. All the LEDs will display “dot”. The problems should be: – We call it as “no frequency, no reset”. • When there are a few of main power abnormal which lead to the CLK_P ...
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Faculty Websites

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MR2321532154

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SGB-6433(Z) 数据资料DataSheet下载

... Caution! ESD sensitive device. Exceeding any one or a combination of the Absolute Maximum Rating conditions may cause permanent damage to the device. Extended application of Absolute Maximum Rating conditions to the device may reduce device reliability. Specified typical performance or functional op ...
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Misconception Problems

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`gold tone` ga-15rv

HEX INVERTER SN54/74LS05
HEX INVERTER SN54/74LS05

May 2003 Ray Marston - Understanding And Using OTA OP
May 2003 Ray Marston - Understanding And Using OTA OP

... used to make the high-impedance output of the OTA availthe IC ideal for use in stereo amplifier applications. Figure able at a low-impedance level. Note in this latter case that 8 shows how two amplifiers of the Figure 7 type can be the output of the buffer stage is two base-emitter volt drops used ...
Qucs - A Tutorial
Qucs - A Tutorial

... VB, at the base. When the bias ratio becomes less stiff, changes in base current flowing through R1 due to changes in HFE cause significant variations in VB. These variations result in changes in IE and IC. As with the universal circuit, you can improve performance of the stabilized circuit at any b ...
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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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