• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Joule thief
Joule thief

... The gain of a transistor is not linear with VCE. At low showed only the BC549 in his schematic.[10] supply voltages (typically 0.75 V and below) the transistor requires a larger base current to maintain saturation as the collector current increases. Hence, when it reaches 2 Description of operation ...
Technical Reference - Ericson Manufacturing Company
Technical Reference - Ericson Manufacturing Company

Motorcycle Brake Light Flasher
Motorcycle Brake Light Flasher

Application Report Long Drive/Motor Leads
Application Report Long Drive/Motor Leads

The_Pulse_of_the_Silent_Thriller
The_Pulse_of_the_Silent_Thriller

... voltages and subtracting from them the two scaled reference magnet voltages, we just subtract one of the half-circuit voltages from the other. An overheating splice on one side will make its voltage larger than that on the other side. This is the equivalent of the symmetric quench detection system w ...
电路笔记 CN-0089  利用
电路笔记 CN-0089 利用

电路笔记 CN-0090  利用
电路笔记 CN-0090 利用

R5016ANJ
R5016ANJ

AND8252/D High Efficiency Eight Output, 60 W Set Top Box Power
AND8252/D High Efficiency Eight Output, 60 W Set Top Box Power

A 410-GHz CMOS push-push oscillator with an on
A 410-GHz CMOS push-push oscillator with an on

Data sheet  General Description
Data sheet General Description

... operate from 5V or 12V supply voltage and deliver high-quality output voltage as low as 0.6V (AP3586A) or 0.8V (AP3586B/C). This device operates at fixed 300kHz (AP3586A/B) or 200kHz (AP3586C) frequency and provides an optimal level of integration to reduce size and cost of the power supply. ...
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

... 75Vdc max input, 10A max output current The Delphi series FL75L10A filter module is the latest offering from a world leader in power systems technology and manufacturing -- Delta Electronics, Inc. This filter module is designed to reduce the conducted common-mode and differential-mode noise on input ...
MAX1698/MAX1698A High-Efficiency Step-Up Current Regulator for LEDs General Description
MAX1698/MAX1698A High-Efficiency Step-Up Current Regulator for LEDs General Description

... compared to fluorescent (CCFL) and electroluminescent (EL) lamps. ...
AP6508  500kHz 21V 3A SYNCHRONOUS DC/DC BUCK CONVERTER Description
AP6508 500kHz 21V 3A SYNCHRONOUS DC/DC BUCK CONVERTER Description

... 2. Stresses greater than the 'Absolute Maximum Ratings' specified above, may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions exceeding those indicated in this specification is not implied. Device reliability may ...
DCR02 Series - Texas Instruments
DCR02 Series - Texas Instruments

MAX16903 2.1MHz, High-Voltage, 1A Mini-Buck Converter General Description Features
MAX16903 2.1MHz, High-Voltage, 1A Mini-Buck Converter General Description Features

... on until the current in the inductor is ramped up to 350mA (typ) peak value and the internal feedback voltage is above the regulation voltage (1.2V typ). At this point, both ...
1.8-V MICROPOWER CMOS OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER ZERO-DRIFT SERIES OPA2333-HT FEATURES
1.8-V MICROPOWER CMOS OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER ZERO-DRIFT SERIES OPA2333-HT FEATURES

... offset voltage and precision performance, circuit layout and mechanical conditions should be optimized. Avoid temperature gradients that create thermoelectric (Seebeck) effects in the thermocouple junctions formed from connecting dissimilar conductors. These thermally-generated potentials can be mad ...
Memristive model of amoeba`s learning
Memristive model of amoeba`s learning

... this case, the LC contour is damped and excited oscillations decay fast. Fig. 3(a) demonstrates that when a non-periodic sequence of pulses is applied to the scheme, the circuit learning ability (or change of M ) is small and oscillations in the contour are strongly damped. In the opposite case, whe ...
AD8029
AD8029

... The power dissipated in the package (PD) is the sum of the quiescent power dissipation and the power dissipated in the package due to the load drive for all outputs. The quiescent power is the voltage between the supply pins (VS) times the quiescent current (IS). Assuming the load (RL) is referenced ...
Action PAK® AP4003
Action PAK® AP4003

... levels and simply utilize the default operational ranges of the unit (0-5VDC, 0-10VDC, 0-20mA or 4-20mA). If the factory default calibration has been changed, the last saved operational output values are utilized. In those applications, the only calibration required is the operational input values. ...
Multiple Choice Questions
Multiple Choice Questions

Data Sheet 1
Data Sheet 1

... o This data sheet is applied for Block Type EMIFILr used for General Electronics equipment for your design. ...
MP020-5 - Monolithic Power System
MP020-5 - Monolithic Power System

RF Power Detector MAX2209
RF Power Detector MAX2209

... cdma2000M, and high-speed downlink/uplink packet access. The MAX2209 accepts an RF signal at the input, and outputs a temperature-independent voltage related to the input signal voltage. The output voltage expressed in dBV is proportional to the input power expressed in dBm. The device has a detecti ...
Input Magic—Differential Signals Allow Input Swing to Exceed Supply Voltage
Input Magic—Differential Signals Allow Input Swing to Exceed Supply Voltage

< 1 ... 1380 1381 1382 1383 1384 1385 1386 1387 1388 ... 2207 >

Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report