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Comparative study of five maximum power point tracking techniques
Comparative study of five maximum power point tracking techniques

TPS40057-Q1 数据资料 dataSheet 下载
TPS40057-Q1 数据资料 dataSheet 下载

... two quadrant operations and will source or sink output current. This provides the best transient response. The TPS40054 operates in one quadrant and sources output current only, allowing for paralleling of converters and ensures that one converter does not sink current from another converter. This c ...
Low-Drift, Low-Power, Dual-Output, VREF and VREF / 2 Voltage
Low-Drift, Low-Power, Dual-Output, VREF and VREF / 2 Voltage

... The REF20xx offers excellent temperature drift (8 ppm/°C, max) and initial accuracy (0.05%) on both the VREF and VBIAS outputs while operating at a quiescent current less than 430 µA. In addition, the VREF and VBIAS outputs track each other with a precision of 6 ppm/°C (max) across the temperature r ...
Exercise 2 - DMCS Pages for Students
Exercise 2 - DMCS Pages for Students

... The aim of this exercise is to get acquainted with the thyristor (SCR and triac) and—based on the example of a triac-based AC/AC converter—to introduce the idea of semiconductor switch as well as of electronic converters working in switched mode. The investigated circuit will also give an opportunit ...
Evaluates: MAX1954A MAX1954A Evaluation Kit General Description Features
Evaluates: MAX1954A MAX1954A Evaluation Kit General Description Features

... the VIN pad on the EV kit and connect the negative lead of the power supply to the GND pad on the EV kit. 4) Connect the positive lead of the 12V power supply to the VHSD pad on the EV kit and connect the negative lead of the power supply to the GND pad on the EV kit. 5) Connect the positive lead of ...
Aalborg Universitet Single-Phase Shunt Active Power Filters Under Adverse Grid Conditions
Aalborg Universitet Single-Phase Shunt Active Power Filters Under Adverse Grid Conditions

Power capacitors
Power capacitors

... These are parallel AC capacitors for improving the power factor (cos ϕ) in electrical power installations with rated frequencies from 15 to 60 Hz. They keep reactive current components – produced by inductive loads – away from power-generating and power-transmission installations. The voltage load i ...
MAX4880 Overvoltage-Protection Controller with Internal Disconnect Switch General Description
MAX4880 Overvoltage-Protection Controller with Internal Disconnect Switch General Description

... meet the stringent IEC 61000-4-2 specification. The IEC 61000-4-2 standard covers ESD testing and performance of finished equipment; it does not specifically refer to integrated circuits. The MAX4880 helps users design equipment that meets Level 3 of IEC 61000-4-2, without additional ESD-protection ...
16-Bit/18-Bit, 16 FS PCM Audio DACs AD1851/AD1861
16-Bit/18-Bit, 16 FS PCM Audio DACs AD1851/AD1861

Directly-coupled Fee..
Directly-coupled Fee..

THE HANDYMAN`S GUIDE TO OSCILLOSCOPES
THE HANDYMAN`S GUIDE TO OSCILLOSCOPES

... circuit is called the insertion loss. It is determined in the same way as amplifier gain just presented, except start with the input (the highest AC voltage) as the full-scale or reference display, then measure the output AC voltage (the lowest level). The ratio is the insertion loss in dB. ...
calculated vs. actual short circuit currents for vrla batteries
calculated vs. actual short circuit currents for vrla batteries

485 LaserPak User's Manual
485 LaserPak User's Manual

... computer interfaces and control the instrument from the PC, or use the analog interface. This quick start guide uses the computer interface. More information on the analog interface can be found later in the manual. To control the LaserPak from the PC, use the Arroyo Control software located on the ...
True RMS Multimeter
True RMS Multimeter

Permanent-magnet motor-generator
Permanent-magnet motor-generator

AN708 Low-Power Universal-Input Power Supply Achieves High
AN708 Low-Power Universal-Input Power Supply Achieves High

HMC440QS16G 数据资料DataSheet下载
HMC440QS16G 数据资料DataSheet下载

... The 5-Bit programmable counter counts-down from the programmed value of the data bits to zero and issues an output pulse at the end of each cycle. Settling time of the programmable 5-Bit counter is defined as the maximum time required for the counter to change the division ratio N to a new value aft ...
2.5V or 3.3V, 200-MHz, 9-Output Clock Driver,CY29350 - tyro
2.5V or 3.3V, 200-MHz, 9-Output Clock Driver,CY29350 - tyro

Circuit Theoretic Classification of Parallel Connected
Circuit Theoretic Classification of Parallel Connected

TPS60400EVM-178 for Evaluating TPS6040x
TPS60400EVM-178 for Evaluating TPS6040x

... Customers are responsible for their applications using TI components. In order to minimize risks associated with the customer’s applications, adequate design and operating safeguards must be provided by the customer to minimize inherent or procedural hazards. TI assumes no liability for applications ...
Chapter 7 – Troubleshooting
Chapter 7 – Troubleshooting

... When the system equipped with the IPM has stopped and an alarm signal is generated, first carry out investigations to identify where the alarm signal was generated from. Possible locations are athe IPM or the device control circuit. If the alarm was sent from the IPM, then identify the factor in acc ...
L44086268
L44086268

choke_in.pdf
choke_in.pdf

... there is NO turn on surge in a choke input supply, so you don't have to overcurrent spec your fuse, and you don't have to use a slow blow. the transformer is used more efficiently, and the supply is better regulated, ie the difference in rail voltage from idle to full tilt boogie is smaller. for thi ...
PA-One
PA-One

Kirchoff`s Laws
Kirchoff`s Laws

< 1 ... 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 ... 2207 >

Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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