LECTURE OUTLINE
... likely due to nondisjunction during meiosis. Nondisjunction occurs during meiosis when either the homologous pair or the sister chromatids fail to separate. Down Syndrome The most common autosomal trisomy seen among humans is trisomy 21, also called Down syndrome. This syndrome has particular charac ...
... likely due to nondisjunction during meiosis. Nondisjunction occurs during meiosis when either the homologous pair or the sister chromatids fail to separate. Down Syndrome The most common autosomal trisomy seen among humans is trisomy 21, also called Down syndrome. This syndrome has particular charac ...
What to know and be able to do
... 1. Which cell structures are involved in the processes of mitosis and meiosis 2. What are the purposes of mitosis and meiosis? 3. Be able to put unlabeled diagrams into the right order for meiosis. Be able to name the phase pictured in a diagram. 4. How do the cells that result from mitosis and meio ...
... 1. Which cell structures are involved in the processes of mitosis and meiosis 2. What are the purposes of mitosis and meiosis? 3. Be able to put unlabeled diagrams into the right order for meiosis. Be able to name the phase pictured in a diagram. 4. How do the cells that result from mitosis and meio ...
3 Meiosis - Lab RatKOS
... 13. first row, left to right: XX, XY; second row, left to right: XX, XY 14. the male with the X 15. Circled: solid dark shapes; underlined: two-toned shapes Review 1. gene, chromosome, cell 2. No, meiosis only happens in cells that become sex cells. 3. all divided circles should be circled; female 4 ...
... 13. first row, left to right: XX, XY; second row, left to right: XX, XY 14. the male with the X 15. Circled: solid dark shapes; underlined: two-toned shapes Review 1. gene, chromosome, cell 2. No, meiosis only happens in cells that become sex cells. 3. all divided circles should be circled; female 4 ...
Chapter 13 - Pierce Public Schools
... • Many human traits are determined by genes that are carried on the __; most of these genes are located on the __ chromosome. (Not the Y) • These traits are more common in __. WHY? – The __ chromosome does not carry a gene for these traits so whatever allele is on the X chromosome is what trait will ...
... • Many human traits are determined by genes that are carried on the __; most of these genes are located on the __ chromosome. (Not the Y) • These traits are more common in __. WHY? – The __ chromosome does not carry a gene for these traits so whatever allele is on the X chromosome is what trait will ...
Chromosomes - Spokane Public Schools
... ● A cell’s endowment of DNA (its genetic information) is called its GENOME ● DNA molecules in a cell are packaged into CHROMOSOMES ...
... ● A cell’s endowment of DNA (its genetic information) is called its GENOME ● DNA molecules in a cell are packaged into CHROMOSOMES ...
1 - KSU Faculty Member websites
... occurs during prophase. B. occurs during anaphase. C. occurs during interphase. D. occurs during all stages of meiosis. Answer:C ...
... occurs during prophase. B. occurs during anaphase. C. occurs during interphase. D. occurs during all stages of meiosis. Answer:C ...
1 Sex chromosome what number? 23 2 Which sex chromosome is
... C. During meiosis, chromosomes assort themselves independently of each other, which allows for more different possible combinations of chromosomes. D. During meiosis, more daughter cells are produced, which increases the likelihood that fertilization will occur. 19 Which of the following best compar ...
... C. During meiosis, chromosomes assort themselves independently of each other, which allows for more different possible combinations of chromosomes. D. During meiosis, more daughter cells are produced, which increases the likelihood that fertilization will occur. 19 Which of the following best compar ...
Mendel`s Laws and Genetics Quiz
... 4. An organism that inherits two alleles of the same type are known as a) genotypes. b) phenotypes. c) homozygous. d) heterozygous. ...
... 4. An organism that inherits two alleles of the same type are known as a) genotypes. b) phenotypes. c) homozygous. d) heterozygous. ...
Chromosome Theory of Inheritance
... Note: The work of Sutton and Boveri confirmed Mendel’s ideas about genes (Factors) and how they are inherited (segregation and independent assortment). ...
... Note: The work of Sutton and Boveri confirmed Mendel’s ideas about genes (Factors) and how they are inherited (segregation and independent assortment). ...
What is the difference between allele, gene, and trait?
... codominant sickle cell allele (homozygotes). However, heterozygous individuals have more resistance to malaria due to the presence of sickle cell allele, which can be an advantage to them. ...
... codominant sickle cell allele (homozygotes). However, heterozygous individuals have more resistance to malaria due to the presence of sickle cell allele, which can be an advantage to them. ...
Slide 1
... errors give rise to zygotes with the wrong number of chromosomes. Although most aneuploid fetuses perish in utero, trisomy in liveborns is the leading cause of mental retardation. A large percentage of human trisomies originate from segregation errors during female meiosis I; such errors increase in ...
... errors give rise to zygotes with the wrong number of chromosomes. Although most aneuploid fetuses perish in utero, trisomy in liveborns is the leading cause of mental retardation. A large percentage of human trisomies originate from segregation errors during female meiosis I; such errors increase in ...
Multiple Alleles and Polygenic Inheritance
... The human Y chromosome is much smaller and appears to contain only few genes. Father determines the sex of the offspring The chance is always 50-50 for either sex A recessive gene has no matching gene on the Y More Sex linked disorders are found in males ...
... The human Y chromosome is much smaller and appears to contain only few genes. Father determines the sex of the offspring The chance is always 50-50 for either sex A recessive gene has no matching gene on the Y More Sex linked disorders are found in males ...
File
... Humans have pairs of chromosomes in their body cells. Draw one line from each type of cell to the number of chromosomes it contains. Number of Chromosomes ...
... Humans have pairs of chromosomes in their body cells. Draw one line from each type of cell to the number of chromosomes it contains. Number of Chromosomes ...
Module name Genetics - a basic course Module code B
... Contact hours (work with an academic teacher) Lectures – 30 hours; Laboratory – 45 Total number of hours with an academic teacher 90 Number of ECTS points with an academic teacher 3 Non-contact hours (students' own work) 105 Total number of non-contact hours 105 Number of ECTS points for non-contact ...
... Contact hours (work with an academic teacher) Lectures – 30 hours; Laboratory – 45 Total number of hours with an academic teacher 90 Number of ECTS points with an academic teacher 3 Non-contact hours (students' own work) 105 Total number of non-contact hours 105 Number of ECTS points for non-contact ...
Biology CST Practice Questions
... 15. Which molecule in plant cells first captures the radiant energy from sunlight? A glucose B carbon dioxide C chlorophyll D adenosine triphosphate ...
... 15. Which molecule in plant cells first captures the radiant energy from sunlight? A glucose B carbon dioxide C chlorophyll D adenosine triphosphate ...
Notes: Cell Division & the Cell Cycle (Ch. 12)
... ● A cell’s endowment of DNA (its genetic information) is called its GENOME ● DNA molecules in a cell are packaged into CHROMOSOMES ...
... ● A cell’s endowment of DNA (its genetic information) is called its GENOME ● DNA molecules in a cell are packaged into CHROMOSOMES ...
File
... Sexual Reproduction • Involves two parents • Each parent makes reproductive cells - called gametes ...
... Sexual Reproduction • Involves two parents • Each parent makes reproductive cells - called gametes ...
Slide 1 (Early Prophase): What is interphase often
... Ascaris is a good subject for this study because the chromosomes are large and the characteristic number of chromosomes in this species is only four. The female ascaris lays her eggs in small sacs. We can observe some of the eggs as they begin their development. Although the adult worm is very diff ...
... Ascaris is a good subject for this study because the chromosomes are large and the characteristic number of chromosomes in this species is only four. The female ascaris lays her eggs in small sacs. We can observe some of the eggs as they begin their development. Although the adult worm is very diff ...
CELL DIVISION: BINARY FISSION AND MITOSIS The Cell Cycle
... cytoplasm and then segregated so that each daughter cell receives a copy of the original DNA (if you start with 46 in the parent cell, you should end up with 46 chromosomes in each daughter cell). To do this cells utilize microtubules (referred to as the spindle apparatus) to "pull" chromosomes into ...
... cytoplasm and then segregated so that each daughter cell receives a copy of the original DNA (if you start with 46 in the parent cell, you should end up with 46 chromosomes in each daughter cell). To do this cells utilize microtubules (referred to as the spindle apparatus) to "pull" chromosomes into ...
centromere
... • Eukaryotic genomes are completely different in their organisation compared to prokaryotic, and also much bigger • Their genes are mostly “split” into exons and introns • It is not certain which came first in evolution genes with introns/exons or genes without • Exons may allow evolution of protein ...
... • Eukaryotic genomes are completely different in their organisation compared to prokaryotic, and also much bigger • Their genes are mostly “split” into exons and introns • It is not certain which came first in evolution genes with introns/exons or genes without • Exons may allow evolution of protein ...
CHROMOSOMES
... series of events that cells go through as they grow and develop cells alive cell cycle ...
... series of events that cells go through as they grow and develop cells alive cell cycle ...
Chromosome
A chromosome (chromo- + -some) is a packaged and organized structure containing most of the DNA of a living organism. It is not usually found on its own, but rather is complexed with many structural proteins called histones as well as associated transcription (copying of genetic sequences) factors and several other macromolecules. Two ""sister"" chromatids (half a chromosome) join together at a protein junction called a centromere. Chromosomes are normally visible under a light microscope only when the cell is undergoing mitosis. Even then, the full chromosome containing both joined sister chromatids becomes visible only during a sequence of mitosis known as metaphase (when chromosomes align together, attached to the mitotic spindle and prepare to divide). This DNA and its associated proteins and macromolecules is collectively known as chromatin, which is further packaged along with its associated molecules into a discrete structure called a nucleosome. Chromatin is present in most cells, with a few exceptions - erythrocytes for example. Occurring only in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, chromatin composes the vast majority of all DNA, except for a small amount inherited maternally which is found in mitochondria. In prokaryotic cells, chromatin occurs free-floating in cytoplasm, as these cells lack organelles and a defined nucleus. The main information-carrying macromolecule is a single piece of coiled double-stranded DNA, containing many genes, regulatory elements and other noncoding DNA. The DNA-bound macromolecules are proteins, which serve to package the DNA and control its functions. Chromosomes vary widely between different organisms. Some species such as certain bacteria also contain plasmids or other extrachromosomal DNA. These are circular structures in the cytoplasm which contain cellular DNA and play a role in horizontal gene transfer.Compaction of the duplicated chromosomes during cell division (mitosis or meiosis) results either in a four-arm structure (pictured to the right) if the centromere is located in the middle of the chromosome or a two-arm structure if the centromere is located near one of the ends. Chromosomal recombination during meiosis and subsequent sexual reproduction plays a vital role in genetic diversity. If these structures are manipulated incorrectly, through processes known as chromosomal instability and translocation, the cell may undergo mitotic catastrophe and die, or it may unexpectedly evade apoptosis leading to the progression of cancer.In prokaryotes (see nucleoids) and viruses, the DNA is often densely packed and organized. In the case of archaea by homologs to eukaryotic histones, in the case of bacteria by histone-like proteins. Small circular genomes called plasmids are often found in bacteria and also in mitochondria and chloroplasts, reflecting their bacterial origins.