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The first 30 hours of embryo development are key to knowing
The first 30 hours of embryo development are key to knowing

... parenthood is postponed. According to European statistics, over half a million in vitro fertilisation (IVF) procedures are performed every year, resulting in 100,000 newborns. Scientists from Igenomix, University of Valencia, Stanford University and Oregon Health & Science University (OSHU) have dis ...
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Document

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Sex-Linked Traits Worksheet

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X-inactivation



X-inactivation (also called lyonization) is a process by which one of the two copies of the X chromosome present in female mammals is inactivated. The inactive X chromosome is silenced by its being packaged in such a way that it has a transcriptionally inactive structure called heterochromatin. As nearly all female mammals have two X chromosomes, X-inactivation prevents them from having twice as many X chromosome gene products as males, who only possess a single copy of the X chromosome (see dosage compensation). The choice of which X chromosome will be inactivated is random in placental mammals such as humans, but once an X chromosome is inactivated it will remain inactive throughout the lifetime of the cell and its descendants in the organism. Unlike the random X-inactivation in placental mammals, inactivation in marsupials applies exclusively to the paternally derived X chromosome.
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