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Biology Chapter 11 PRETEST
Biology Chapter 11 PRETEST

... b. twice the number of chromosomes found in body cells. c. two sets of chromosomes. d. one allele for each gene. Gametes are produced by the process of a. mitosis. b. meiosis. c. crossing-over. d. replication. ...
Problem Set 2  - MIT OpenCourseWare
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Ch 11.Introduction to Genetics.Biology.Landis

... 34. List three criteria Thomas Hunt Morgan was looking for in a model organism for genetic studies. ...
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X-inactivation



X-inactivation (also called lyonization) is a process by which one of the two copies of the X chromosome present in female mammals is inactivated. The inactive X chromosome is silenced by its being packaged in such a way that it has a transcriptionally inactive structure called heterochromatin. As nearly all female mammals have two X chromosomes, X-inactivation prevents them from having twice as many X chromosome gene products as males, who only possess a single copy of the X chromosome (see dosage compensation). The choice of which X chromosome will be inactivated is random in placental mammals such as humans, but once an X chromosome is inactivated it will remain inactive throughout the lifetime of the cell and its descendants in the organism. Unlike the random X-inactivation in placental mammals, inactivation in marsupials applies exclusively to the paternally derived X chromosome.
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