Nick-Evans
... Amongst the constraints is one that scalar masses must be positive. GSO added fermions on the string world sheet and projected out a well behaved supersymmetric theory – “first string revolution” ...
... Amongst the constraints is one that scalar masses must be positive. GSO added fermions on the string world sheet and projected out a well behaved supersymmetric theory – “first string revolution” ...
Abstracts - Weizmann Institute of Science
... Yosi Avron (Technion): 2016 Nobel prize in physics: D. Thouless and the topology of quantum transport The 2016 Physics Nobel prize was awarded to Thouless and Kosterlitz for the discovery of a new kind of phase transition and to Thouless and Haldane for the discovery of the topological meaning of th ...
... Yosi Avron (Technion): 2016 Nobel prize in physics: D. Thouless and the topology of quantum transport The 2016 Physics Nobel prize was awarded to Thouless and Kosterlitz for the discovery of a new kind of phase transition and to Thouless and Haldane for the discovery of the topological meaning of th ...
Introduction to Strings
... Conformal invariance with respect to world sheet metric Reparametrization invariance with respect to world sheet metric ...
... Conformal invariance with respect to world sheet metric Reparametrization invariance with respect to world sheet metric ...
String/M Theory – what is it? Nick Evans
... We also are using this to better understand gauge theories (QCD?) ...
... We also are using this to better understand gauge theories (QCD?) ...
Symmetries in Conformal Field Theory
... Specifically, we’ll be interested in applying this theorem to a 2d conformal field theory, since we’ll obtain conserved currents from the full group of conformal symmetries. These will comprise the (local) stress-energy tensor of the theory. More specifically, we can view any sufficiently small conf ...
... Specifically, we’ll be interested in applying this theorem to a 2d conformal field theory, since we’ll obtain conserved currents from the full group of conformal symmetries. These will comprise the (local) stress-energy tensor of the theory. More specifically, we can view any sufficiently small conf ...
Atomic Precision Tests and Light Scalar Couplings
... The fact that the scalar field acts on cosmological scales implies that its mass must be large compared to solar system scales. ...
... The fact that the scalar field acts on cosmological scales implies that its mass must be large compared to solar system scales. ...
Quantum Field Theory - damtp
... we are dealing with an infinite number of degrees of freedom — at least one for every point in space. This infinity will come back to bite on several occasions. It will turn out that the possible interactions in quantum field theory are governed by a few basic principles: locality, symmetry and reno ...
... we are dealing with an infinite number of degrees of freedom — at least one for every point in space. This infinity will come back to bite on several occasions. It will turn out that the possible interactions in quantum field theory are governed by a few basic principles: locality, symmetry and reno ...
PhD dissertation - Pierre
... of nature that relates empirical observations of phenomena to each other in a way which is consistent with a fundamental theory, but without being ...
... of nature that relates empirical observations of phenomena to each other in a way which is consistent with a fundamental theory, but without being ...
universality
... includes all quantum and thermal fluctuations formulated here in terms of renormalized fields involves renormalized couplings ...
... includes all quantum and thermal fluctuations formulated here in terms of renormalized fields involves renormalized couplings ...
qftlect.dvi
... sum V = Vs ⊕R of space and time. In this decomposition, the space Vs is required to be spacelike (i.e. negative definite), which implies that the time axis R has to be timelike (positive definite). Note that such a splitting is not unique, and that fixing it breaks the Lorenz symmetry SO+(1, d —1) d ...
... sum V = Vs ⊕R of space and time. In this decomposition, the space Vs is required to be spacelike (i.e. negative definite), which implies that the time axis R has to be timelike (positive definite). Note that such a splitting is not unique, and that fixing it breaks the Lorenz symmetry SO+(1, d —1) d ...
The Differential Geometry and Physical Basis for the Application of
... represented by a wavy line. The Feynman-Stuckelberg interpretation of negative-energy solutions indicates that here the positron, the electron’s antiparticle, which is propagating forward in time, is in all ways equivalent to an electron going backwards in time. If all the particles here were extern ...
... represented by a wavy line. The Feynman-Stuckelberg interpretation of negative-energy solutions indicates that here the positron, the electron’s antiparticle, which is propagating forward in time, is in all ways equivalent to an electron going backwards in time. If all the particles here were extern ...
Scale invariance
In physics, mathematics, statistics, and economics, scale invariance is a feature of objects or laws that do not change if scales of length, energy, or other variables, are multiplied by a common factor. The technical term for this transformation is a dilatation (also known as dilation), and the dilatations can also form part of a larger conformal symmetry.In mathematics, scale invariance usually refers to an invariance of individual functions or curves. A closely related concept is self-similarity, where a function or curve is invariant under a discrete subset of the dilatations. It is also possible for the probability distributions of random processes to display this kind of scale invariance or self-similarity.In classical field theory, scale invariance most commonly applies to the invariance of a whole theory under dilatations. Such theories typically describe classical physical processes with no characteristic length scale.In quantum field theory, scale invariance has an interpretation in terms of particle physics. In a scale-invariant theory, the strength of particle interactions does not depend on the energy of the particles involved.In statistical mechanics, scale invariance is a feature of phase transitions. The key observation is that near a phase transition or critical point, fluctuations occur at all length scales, and thus one should look for an explicitly scale-invariant theory to describe the phenomena. Such theories are scale-invariant statistical field theories, and are formally very similar to scale-invariant quantum field theories.Universality is the observation that widely different microscopic systems can display the same behaviour at a phase transition. Thus phase transitions in many different systems may be described by the same underlying scale-invariant theory.In general, dimensionless quantities are scale invariant. The analogous concept in statistics are standardized moments, which are scale invariant statistics of a variable, while the unstandardized moments are not.