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The Human Eye: Structure and Function
The Human Eye: Structure and Function

... Axons from the two optic nerves are redistributed in the optic chiasm 198 The decussation of axons in the chiasm is imperfect 199 Spatial ordering of axons changes in the optic tracts 200 In the lateral geniculate nuclei, which are primary targets of axons in the optic tracts, inputs from the two ey ...
The potential usefulness to research of retina obtained by
The potential usefulness to research of retina obtained by

... retinal detachment due to proliferative vitreo-retinal disease although others have found this unnecessary. Furthermore, good wound closure prevents postoperative ocular hypotony and incarceration of ocular tissues. In some instances the tissue has been obtained by an internal approach, while in oth ...
Central retinal thickness is positively correlated with
Central retinal thickness is positively correlated with

... mapping software. For each eye, a single retinal map was acquired using all six scans, centred on the subject’s fixation point. In order to investigate the relationship between MP and retinal thickness, we used the average retinal thickness value in the central 1000 mm (w3.38) diameter zone (A1), as ...
Endoscopy for Vitreoretinal Surgeons
Endoscopy for Vitreoretinal Surgeons

... as an adjunct to standard microscopeguided vitreoretinal surgery. Whether the endoscope is used on a planned or unplanned basis, the operating microscope remains the standard for pars plana vitreoretinal surgery. Conversion to EAS depends upon viewing needs. Training needed. Because EAS does not pro ...
Table of Contents
Table of Contents

... intravenous acetazolamide and paracentesis of the globe (urgent, immediate referral for the ophthalmologist to perform this procedure is required). ...
drainage
drainage

... • Drainage can be achieved by sclerotomies if not , do radial sclerotomies at the dependent part of the quadrant involved by SCH • TPA,s injection may help for early liquefaction and surgery( inject 40.000IU INTO CLOT &wait for 15-25 min ...
The role of purines in photoreceptor death during
The role of purines in photoreceptor death during

... treatments can be developed. Over the last few years we have been exploring the role that ATP plays in modulating photoreceptor death. This molecule is well known for its functions in energy metabolism. However, when ATP is found outside cells, it can act as a mediator for neuronal communication. Th ...
Central retinal vein occlusion – A patient with systemic
Central retinal vein occlusion – A patient with systemic

... reported a case of bilateral ischemic retinopathy with neovascularization of the disc with beneficial response to laser photocoagulation 12. To date, only two cases of proliferative retinopathy in SSc patients with concomitant autoimmune diseases, including dermatomyositis and polymyositis, have bee ...
the PDF - UPMC Physician Resources
the PDF - UPMC Physician Resources

... regenerative medicine is one of the highlights of the University of Pittsburgh. It’s a fantastic organization if you don’t know about it I would encourage you to look on their website but we were able to pair with them to create the Fox Center and what the Fox Center does is to provide an infrastruc ...
Perfluorocarbon Liquid-Assisted External Drainage in the
Perfluorocarbon Liquid-Assisted External Drainage in the

... hypertensive choroidopathy, posterior scleritis, multifocal choroiditis, metastatic tumor, and uveal effusion.(3) Generally, a combination of ophthalmoscopic and fluorescein angiographic findings can help make a correct diagnosis.(2-15) These include bullous inferior retinal detachment with shifting ...
Background Ophthalmological Changes Following Subretinal
Background Ophthalmological Changes Following Subretinal

... to week 12. Slight retinal/choroidal hemorrhages were also seen at the injection site in most eyes up to week 4. The severity of the ocular changes also diminished from slight/moderate to very slight/slight over the course of the 12 week observation period. ...
Ultrahigh resolution optical coherence tomography
Ultrahigh resolution optical coherence tomography

... retinal pathologies [1]. Early diagnosis of retinal pathologies allows for effective treatment in a number of cases - at least delaying, stopping, or even reversing disease progression. Consequently, the development of ophthalmic techniques able to detect early pathologic retinal changes plays an es ...
Full Text of
Full Text of

... before or during surgery, three of which existed within the colobomatous crater in the thin rudimentary retina and one at the margin of the coloboma. Although cyanoacrylate glue had successfully closed most retinal breaks during surgery, it did not adequately adhere to the retina and flaked off part ...
Inherited Retinal Diseases research at Moorfields
Inherited Retinal Diseases research at Moorfields

... Our sleep/wake cycles are controlled by a receptor situated at the back of the eye. These receptors are sensitive to blue light and are known as the photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (pRGC). Depending on whether it is day or night, different amounts of light pass into the eye. As light enters th ...
Modeling early retinal development with human embryonic and
Modeling early retinal development with human embryonic and

... he study of human development is limited by a lack of model systems that can reproduce the precise sequence and timing of cellular and molecular events that occur during human embryogenesis, organogenesis, and tissue differentiation. However, the advent of human pluripotent stem cell technology affo ...
Visual Stimulation of Retinal Explants on a Standard
Visual Stimulation of Retinal Explants on a Standard

... pixel is on the retina) is controlled by a set of two lenses (Figure 1). The minification of the projection is determined by the ratio of the focal length of these lenses. If clipping of the stimulus is required, a clipping mask (iris diaphragm) can be placed in the image plane between these two len ...
ARVO 2014 Annual Meeting Abstracts 124 Retinal Development
ARVO 2014 Annual Meeting Abstracts 124 Retinal Development

... Changes in central retina were due to a combination of inner layer migration (reduction of approximately 4.4μm/week) in conjunction with increased thickening of the outer retinal layers. Changes in temporal and nasal retina consisted of thickening of both inner layers and photoreceptor layers. Incre ...
Activity-Dependent Expression of Acyl-Coenzyme A
Activity-Dependent Expression of Acyl-Coenzyme A

... The axons of dorsal cap neurons, climbing fibers, project to Purkinje cells in the contralateral flocculus and nodulus of the cerebellum (Alley et al., 1975). Floccular and nodular Purkinje cell axon terminals synapse on cells in the subjacent vestibular nuclei, which in turn have direct and indirec ...
The uveal tract
The uveal tract

... -scarring – foci are sharply demarcated with a yellowish-brown color -major choroidal vessels are visible -atrophic scars -no cells in the vitreous bodyprimary choroidal process -cellular infiltration of the vitreous bodyretinochoroiditis ...
Senses Notes
Senses Notes

... (AP) to the bipolar cells and then to the optic neurons › Rhodopsin is sensitive to light and breaks down in high light intensity, so it works best in low light intensity situations › Negatively affected by Vitamin A deficiency. ...
12/2007 SM 1 OCULAR PATHOLOGY GLAUCOMA • Leading cause
12/2007 SM 1 OCULAR PATHOLOGY GLAUCOMA • Leading cause

... Wet ARMD – aka exudative or neovascular. More common than dry type. o Characterized by abnormal growth of vessels from the choroidal and retinal circulations (retinal is less frequent) into the subretinal space. These vessels are leaky which can result in exudative retinal detachment and/or hemorrha ...
Retinal Diseases
Retinal Diseases

... include radiotherapy, cryotherapy, laser therapy, chemotherapy and surgical removal of the eye (enucleation). Long-term follow up is advisable in all cases. b. Traumatic Retinal Detachment/Hemorrhage: When detached from its normal blood supply, the retina can no longer maintain its normal activity a ...
Adenoassociated virus 8mediated gene therapy for choroideremia
Adenoassociated virus 8mediated gene therapy for choroideremia

... a diverse set of retinal cells and control the onset of expression [7,23]. More than half a dozen human clinical trials targeting retinal disease are now in progress using AAV2 (http://clinicaltrials.gov), including one targeting choroideremia. Because AAV8 targets photoreceptors more efficiently tha ...
MINISTRY OF HEALTH OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
MINISTRY OF HEALTH OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

... circulation anastomosesanteriorly with branches from the external carotid artery. The anterior optic nerve is supplied by branches from the ciliary arteries.The retina is supplied by arterioles branching from the central retinal artery.These arterioles each supply an area of retina with little overl ...
1 free cet point
1 free cet point

... contractile phase before remaining fairly ...
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Retinal waves

Retinal waves are spontaneous bursts of action potentials that propagate in a wave-like fashion across the developing retina. These waves occur before rod and cone maturation and before vision can occur. The signals from retinal waves drive the activity in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) and the primary visual cortex. The waves are thought to propagate across neighboring cells in random directions determined by periods of refractoriness that follow the initial depolarization. Retinal waves are thought to have properties that define early connectivity of circuits and synapses between cells in the retina. There is still much debate about the exact role of retinal waves; some contend that the waves are instructional in the formation of retinogeniculate pathways, while others argue that the activity is necessary, but not instructional in the formation of retinogeniculate pathways.
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