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Capacitance and Dielectrics
Capacitance and Dielectrics

Probability Amplitudes
Probability Amplitudes

... of a system is defined by specifying the maximum amount of data that can, in principle, be known simultaneously without mutual interference or contradiction about the system. According to classical physics, it is possible in principle, if not always in practice, to determine exactly all the quantiti ...
Polarization
Polarization

... • input H state -- zero output • input V state -- no effect ...
Progress Toward a Search for a Permanent Electric Dipole Moment
Progress Toward a Search for a Permanent Electric Dipole Moment

... The motivation for this work is to conduct a search for a T , P odd permanent electric dipole moment (EDM) in liquid 129 Xe. By the CP T theorem a non-zero EDM also violates invariance under CP , the combined symmetry of charge and parity. The standard model predicts EDMs many orders of magnitude be ...
Solitary Waves and Enhanced Incoherent Scatter Ion Lines
Solitary Waves and Enhanced Incoherent Scatter Ion Lines

and Magnetism 2
and Magnetism 2

... to persevere in your work. You have between 50% and 75%, your results are very encouraging. So keep up the good work. You have between 35% and 50%, of course, your results are not perfect. But it seems to me you really have the will to succeed in this field. It’s this will which we will have need of ...
Lecture 22 - MIT OpenCourseWare
Lecture 22 - MIT OpenCourseWare

... incoming light into the material. As you have seen above at intersection of any two materials with different refractive indices there is significant reflection, which is highly undesirable for the above-mentioned applications. It is possible, however to create a coating at the interface of the two m ...
Static Electricity
Static Electricity

Review of the recent controlled experiments for study of local...
Review of the recent controlled experiments for study of local...

... break down or require a significant modification. Although the Sweet-Parker (1958, 1957) and Petschek (1964) models are well known, the extensive literature describing these 2-D theoretical models thus remains to be verified in laboratory experiments or by space observations. Laboratory experiments ...
x - ISMScience.org
x - ISMScience.org

Wave in disordered media and localisation phenomena
Wave in disordered media and localisation phenomena

... E.g. : conductance of a metallic wire G[Vdisorder ] • In practice, we observe that in a long wire the conductance is not fluctuating from sample to sample! It is given by the Ohm’s law G = σ Ls (usual feature of statistical physics : fluctuations are washed out at macroscopic scale). • Fluctuations ...
Chapter 21 Text
Chapter 21 Text

... 1. A positive test charge of 5.0⫻10⫺6 C is in an electric field that exerts a force of 2.0⫻10⫺4 N on it. What is the magnitude of the electric field at the location of the test charge? 2. A negative charge of 2.0⫻10⫺8 C experiences a force of 0.060 N to the right in an electric field. What are the f ...
PP Chapter 7 Text
PP Chapter 7 Text

... Unit of charge is measured in coulombs, C. The charge of an electron is the fundamental charge = 1.6  10-19 C. K is the proportionality constant 9.0  109 N • m2/C2 that converts units of charge and distance to force. The size of force depends on the product of charges of the two objects. For like ...
Reflections on Maxwell`s Treatise - Progress In Electromagnetics
Reflections on Maxwell`s Treatise - Progress In Electromagnetics

Hanle effect and electron spin polarization in temperature Linköping University Post Print
Hanle effect and electron spin polarization in temperature Linköping University Post Print

Module P11.1 Reflection and transmission at steps and barriers
Module P11.1 Reflection and transmission at steps and barriers

... Study comment In order to study this module, you will need to be familiar with the following physics terms: de Broglie wave, eigenfunction (of momentum), time-independent Schrödinger equation, wavefunction, Born probability interpretation of the wavefunction, the (stationary state) probability densi ...
Modeling Linear and Nonlinear Soft Ferromagnetic Materials Thesis project from Sebasti`
Modeling Linear and Nonlinear Soft Ferromagnetic Materials Thesis project from Sebasti`

Cooling and Trapping Neutral Atoms—W. Ketterle, D.E. Pritchard
Cooling and Trapping Neutral Atoms—W. Ketterle, D.E. Pritchard

... systems including ultracold fermions, fermion pairs, and ultracold molecules. We have used an interferometric autocorrelation technique, previously applied only to condensates [15], to study the coherence properties of an alkali gas at finite temperature [16]. Bragg diffraction was used to create tw ...
Quantum transport of ultracold atoms in an
Quantum transport of ultracold atoms in an

Theory of electron transport and magnetization dynamics in metallic
Theory of electron transport and magnetization dynamics in metallic

... U(1) gauge symmetry associated with conservation of some effective charge. In solids, there are several systems which have the U(1) gauge symmetry as a good approximation. Solids could thus display several types of effective electromagnetic fields. A typical example is a ferromagnetic metal. In ferr ...
Electromagnetic Field Angular Momentum of a Charge at Rest in a
Electromagnetic Field Angular Momentum of a Charge at Rest in a

Path Integral Formulation of Quantum Mechanics
Path Integral Formulation of Quantum Mechanics

... In (2.13) L(~r, ~r˙ , t) is the Lagrangian of the classical particle. However, in complete distinction from Classical Mechanics, expressions (2.12, 2.13) are built on action integrals for all possible paths, not only for the classical path. Situations which are well described classically will be dis ...
2001. (with Gordon Belot) Pre-Socratic Quantum Gravity. In Physics
2001. (with Gordon Belot) Pre-Socratic Quantum Gravity. In Physics

Magnetic Moments of Branes and Giant Gravitons
Magnetic Moments of Branes and Giant Gravitons

Phase diagram of ultrathin ferromagnetic films with perpendicular
Phase diagram of ultrathin ferromagnetic films with perpendicular

< 1 ... 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 ... 661 >

Aharonov–Bohm effect

The Aharonov–Bohm effect, sometimes called the Ehrenberg–Siday–Aharonov–Bohm effect, is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which an electrically charged particle is affected by an electromagnetic field (E, B), despite being confined to a region in which both the magnetic field B and electric field E are zero. The underlying mechanism is the coupling of the electromagnetic potential with the complex phase of a charged particle's wavefunction, and the Aharonov–Bohm effect is accordingly illustrated by interference experiments.The most commonly described case, sometimes called the Aharonov–Bohm solenoid effect, takes place when the wave function of a charged particle passing around a long solenoid experiences a phase shift as a result of the enclosed magnetic field, despite the magnetic field being negligible in the region through which the particle passes and the particle's wavefunction being negligible inside the solenoid. This phase shift has been observed experimentally. There are also magnetic Aharonov–Bohm effects on bound energies and scattering cross sections, but these cases have not been experimentally tested. An electric Aharonov–Bohm phenomenon was also predicted, in which a charged particle is affected by regions with different electrical potentials but zero electric field, but this has no experimental confirmation yet. A separate ""molecular"" Aharonov–Bohm effect was proposed for nuclear motion in multiply connected regions, but this has been argued to be a different kind of geometric phase as it is ""neither nonlocal nor topological"", depending only on local quantities along the nuclear path.Werner Ehrenberg and Raymond E. Siday first predicted the effect in 1949, and similar effects were later published by Yakir Aharonov and David Bohm in 1959. After publication of the 1959 paper, Bohm was informed of Ehrenberg and Siday's work, which was acknowledged and credited in Bohm and Aharonov's subsequent 1961 paper.Subsequently, the effect was confirmed experimentally by several authors; a general review can be found in Peshkin and Tonomura (1989).
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