Preparation of High Concentration Dispersions
... certain time intervals and centrifuged. Bright field transmission electron microscopy imaging was performed using a JEOL 2100 (200 kV). All samples were diluted and prepared by pipetting a few mls of the dispersion onto the holey carbon grid (400 mesh) purchased from Agar Scientific. Statistical ana ...
... certain time intervals and centrifuged. Bright field transmission electron microscopy imaging was performed using a JEOL 2100 (200 kV). All samples were diluted and prepared by pipetting a few mls of the dispersion onto the holey carbon grid (400 mesh) purchased from Agar Scientific. Statistical ana ...
sensors Chemical Sensing Using Fiber Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy
... The broadband ASE contribution may only be 10–6 of the light source intensity, but since it falls largely out of the FBG reflection range its contribution to the signal may be as large as the cavity signal that is nominally also attenuated to 10–6 of the incoming light, if the FBGs are 99.9% reflect ...
... The broadband ASE contribution may only be 10–6 of the light source intensity, but since it falls largely out of the FBG reflection range its contribution to the signal may be as large as the cavity signal that is nominally also attenuated to 10–6 of the incoming light, if the FBGs are 99.9% reflect ...
Ultrasensitive absorption spectroscopy with a high
... off as the absorption begins to limit the effective number of passes rather than the losses at the mirrors. The above analysis shows that the cavity provides tremendous signal gains even if the cavity resonances are completely suppressed. In fact, the nonresonant gain is reduced only by a factor of ...
... off as the absorption begins to limit the effective number of passes rather than the losses at the mirrors. The above analysis shows that the cavity provides tremendous signal gains even if the cavity resonances are completely suppressed. In fact, the nonresonant gain is reduced only by a factor of ...
Author final version (postprint) - DTU Orbit
... The new methodology of optical infrared tomography of flames and hot gas flows was developed in the PhD project with a view to future industrial applications. In particular, the methodology for the tomographic reconstruction of an axisymmetric lab flame temperature profile was developed and tested i ...
... The new methodology of optical infrared tomography of flames and hot gas flows was developed in the PhD project with a view to future industrial applications. In particular, the methodology for the tomographic reconstruction of an axisymmetric lab flame temperature profile was developed and tested i ...
Chemical Kinetics in Monodentate and Bidentate Cobalt Compounds
... repeated. The trans-Co(NH3)4Cl2 should be synthesized using a lower temperature and lower concentration of acid. A mixture of HCl and H2SO4 could be used instead. From there the effect of different ligands can be evaluated. ...
... repeated. The trans-Co(NH3)4Cl2 should be synthesized using a lower temperature and lower concentration of acid. A mixture of HCl and H2SO4 could be used instead. From there the effect of different ligands can be evaluated. ...
Medical applications of Terahertz Imaging: a Review of Current
... does not penetrate moist tissue to any significant depth. It has been reported that a THz pulse can be detected through 1.5 mm of skin when the signal to noise ratio is 500:1 [10], this is low penetration but still better than through water alone [3, 9]. Researchers have circumvented this in two way ...
... does not penetrate moist tissue to any significant depth. It has been reported that a THz pulse can be detected through 1.5 mm of skin when the signal to noise ratio is 500:1 [10], this is low penetration but still better than through water alone [3, 9]. Researchers have circumvented this in two way ...
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... During the past few years many schemes have been developed to detect and image heterogeneities in biological tissues with diffusing near-IR light.1 Most of these studies have centered on the detection of variations in the absorption and scattering coefficients in tissue and tissue phantoms. Recently ...
... During the past few years many schemes have been developed to detect and image heterogeneities in biological tissues with diffusing near-IR light.1 Most of these studies have centered on the detection of variations in the absorption and scattering coefficients in tissue and tissue phantoms. Recently ...
International Journal of Mass Spectrometry Triacetone triperoxide
... solvents seem to be released to an open air ambient. Proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) is an on-line detection technique with some advantages such as fast response time, absolute concentration measurement, good limit of detection and almost no consumable. It is especially suitable ...
... solvents seem to be released to an open air ambient. Proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) is an on-line detection technique with some advantages such as fast response time, absolute concentration measurement, good limit of detection and almost no consumable. It is especially suitable ...
and octa-substituted gallium and indium phthalocyanines
... where F and FStd are the areas under the fluorescence emission curves of the samples (7a,b, 8a,b and 9a,b) and the standard, respectively. A and AStd are the respective absorbances of the samples and standard at the excitation wavelengths, respectively. g and gStd are the refractive indexes of the so ...
... where F and FStd are the areas under the fluorescence emission curves of the samples (7a,b, 8a,b and 9a,b) and the standard, respectively. A and AStd are the respective absorbances of the samples and standard at the excitation wavelengths, respectively. g and gStd are the refractive indexes of the so ...
SENSITIZATION OF LANTHANIDE IONS BY TRIARYLBORON FUNCTIONALIZED B-DIKETONES
... Finally, they were studied for their ability to sense fluoride and the binding constants of the fluorideboron interaction were estimated. The four ligands were also investigated for their use in selective sensitization of Tb(III) and Eu(III). The four Ln(III) complexes were characterized and their p ...
... Finally, they were studied for their ability to sense fluoride and the binding constants of the fluorideboron interaction were estimated. The four ligands were also investigated for their use in selective sensitization of Tb(III) and Eu(III). The four Ln(III) complexes were characterized and their p ...
Fluctuations in Quantum Degenerate Fermi Gases
... Every experimentalist is confronted with fluctuations in the quantity of interest. Often these fluctuations have a technical origin, e.g. uncertainties caused by residual mechanical vibrations in a measurement setup, and contribute to the error budget of the experiment. In the absence of technical noi ...
... Every experimentalist is confronted with fluctuations in the quantity of interest. Often these fluctuations have a technical origin, e.g. uncertainties caused by residual mechanical vibrations in a measurement setup, and contribute to the error budget of the experiment. In the absence of technical noi ...
QUANTITIES, TERMINOLOGY, AND SYMBOLS IN
... which may be either detected acoustically or optically. The pressure wave generated after photoexcitation contains contributions from various sources, such as radiation pressure, electrostriction, thermoelastic expansion (by nonradiative transition or thermal energy of chemical reaction), photoinduc ...
... which may be either detected acoustically or optically. The pressure wave generated after photoexcitation contains contributions from various sources, such as radiation pressure, electrostriction, thermoelastic expansion (by nonradiative transition or thermal energy of chemical reaction), photoinduc ...
Sidelobe decline in single-photon 4Pi microscopy by Toraldo rings
... (NA ¼ 1.4), lexc ¼ 350 nm and 1 ¼ 0:8: Note from this figure that illumination (Fig. 2a) and detection (Fig. 2b) axial PSFs exhibit a very narrow central lobe, but high axial sidelobes. The 4Pi-system PSF is obtained by multiplying the curves in Fig. 2a and b. The resulting curve has a central lobe ...
... (NA ¼ 1.4), lexc ¼ 350 nm and 1 ¼ 0:8: Note from this figure that illumination (Fig. 2a) and detection (Fig. 2b) axial PSFs exhibit a very narrow central lobe, but high axial sidelobes. The 4Pi-system PSF is obtained by multiplying the curves in Fig. 2a and b. The resulting curve has a central lobe ...
New liquid absorbents for the removal of CO2 from gas
... efficient sorption media are limited for this purpose because they do not fit the requirements of regeneration, bio-compatibility and sterilization temperature imposed by the intended applications. Thus, a more complex system has to be developed. Ionic liquids (low-temperature molten salts) have bee ...
... efficient sorption media are limited for this purpose because they do not fit the requirements of regeneration, bio-compatibility and sterilization temperature imposed by the intended applications. Thus, a more complex system has to be developed. Ionic liquids (low-temperature molten salts) have bee ...
Radiation parametrization and clouds 1 Introduction 2
... where J is the total current density (in A m−2 ) and ε0 is the permittivity of a vacuum. Here and in all subsequent equations, vectors are shown in bold. In a vacuum, the current density may be set to zero and the resulting equations can be combined to form a wave equation that supports waves of any ...
... where J is the total current density (in A m−2 ) and ε0 is the permittivity of a vacuum. Here and in all subsequent equations, vectors are shown in bold. In a vacuum, the current density may be set to zero and the resulting equations can be combined to form a wave equation that supports waves of any ...
Lactose/D-Galactose
... altered subsequent to the addition of the standard material, this is also an indication that no interference has occurred. The reaction cannot be restarted with lactose as, subsequent to altering the reaction conditions from pH 6.6 to pH 8.6 (“change of the buffer“), lactose is no longer cleaved. 7. ...
... altered subsequent to the addition of the standard material, this is also an indication that no interference has occurred. The reaction cannot be restarted with lactose as, subsequent to altering the reaction conditions from pH 6.6 to pH 8.6 (“change of the buffer“), lactose is no longer cleaved. 7. ...
Lactose/D-Galactose
... altered subsequent to the addition of the standard material, this is also an indication that no interference has occurred. The reaction cannot be restarted with lactose as, subsequent to altering the reaction conditions from pH 6.6 to pH 8.6 (“change of the buffer“), lactose is no longer cleaved. 7. ...
... altered subsequent to the addition of the standard material, this is also an indication that no interference has occurred. The reaction cannot be restarted with lactose as, subsequent to altering the reaction conditions from pH 6.6 to pH 8.6 (“change of the buffer“), lactose is no longer cleaved. 7. ...
Redox speciation analysis of antimony in soil extracts by hydride
... inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) have been used for the speciation analysis of antimony in synthetic water samples and soil extracts w4–8x. However, the high cost of instrumentation and its maintenance make ...
... inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) have been used for the speciation analysis of antimony in synthetic water samples and soil extracts w4–8x. However, the high cost of instrumentation and its maintenance make ...
Attosecond Transient Absorption Spectroscopy - Max
... By the middle of the 19th century, the ability to record dynamic processes was not anymore limited to time scales of ∼ 1 s, which corresponds to the blink of an eye or the responses of the ear (∼ 0.1 ms), i.e. the natural observation techniques that dominated scientific inquiry until the 18th centur ...
... By the middle of the 19th century, the ability to record dynamic processes was not anymore limited to time scales of ∼ 1 s, which corresponds to the blink of an eye or the responses of the ear (∼ 0.1 ms), i.e. the natural observation techniques that dominated scientific inquiry until the 18th centur ...
Fabrication of submicrometer 3D structures by one
... (a) Cross section through the middle of the photonic crystal microcavity. A defect is formed in the 2D photonic crystal by removing a single hole, thus forming an energy well for photons similar to that for electrons in a quantum wire structure. Photons are also localized vertically by TIR at the ai ...
... (a) Cross section through the middle of the photonic crystal microcavity. A defect is formed in the 2D photonic crystal by removing a single hole, thus forming an energy well for photons similar to that for electrons in a quantum wire structure. Photons are also localized vertically by TIR at the ai ...
Experimental study on Extremely-Thin-Body In0
... The amount of strain in the SiGe layer in the fabricated device was evaluated by Raman spectroscopy. It is well known that the biaxial strain is partially relaxed when a biaxially strained layer is etched into a narrow mesa with submicron width such as optical waveguides. Ge diffusion during high-te ...
... The amount of strain in the SiGe layer in the fabricated device was evaluated by Raman spectroscopy. It is well known that the biaxial strain is partially relaxed when a biaxially strained layer is etched into a narrow mesa with submicron width such as optical waveguides. Ge diffusion during high-te ...
alkalinity of groundwater samples
... Alkalinity is a measure of the ability of a water sample to neutralize acids. It is an aggregate property that is derived from the sum of the neutralising capabilities of all bases present in a water sample. Alkalinity is measured by volumetric analysis using a standardized acid titrant. The endpoin ...
... Alkalinity is a measure of the ability of a water sample to neutralize acids. It is an aggregate property that is derived from the sum of the neutralising capabilities of all bases present in a water sample. Alkalinity is measured by volumetric analysis using a standardized acid titrant. The endpoin ...
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
... When light is absorbed its energy is dissipated as thermal energy throughout the absorber (Elwell & Phil, 1995). Absorption occurs at specific wavelengths, determined by the molecular properties of the materials in the light path (Jöbsis, 1977; Wray et al., 1988). The primary light-absorbing compoun ...
... When light is absorbed its energy is dissipated as thermal energy throughout the absorber (Elwell & Phil, 1995). Absorption occurs at specific wavelengths, determined by the molecular properties of the materials in the light path (Jöbsis, 1977; Wray et al., 1988). The primary light-absorbing compoun ...
Behind the weak excitonic emission of ZnO quantum dots: ZnOÕZn
... transitions centered at 2.15 and 2.52 eV. No PL from 3.3 eV down to 1.8 eV was detected for Zn共OH) 2 powder. For the Zn共OH) 2 共150 °C兲 sample, the weak UV band and the strong visible band at 2.16 eV 共curve e兲 should come from ZnO with much larger particle sizes. Only the UV emission at 3.21 eV is ob ...
... transitions centered at 2.15 and 2.52 eV. No PL from 3.3 eV down to 1.8 eV was detected for Zn共OH) 2 powder. For the Zn共OH) 2 共150 °C兲 sample, the weak UV band and the strong visible band at 2.16 eV 共curve e兲 should come from ZnO with much larger particle sizes. Only the UV emission at 3.21 eV is ob ...
Optical Nonlinearities in the Transparency Region of Bulk Semiconductors . W
... have been in semiconductors (Miller and Duncan, 1987; Hill et al., 1982) and involve near-gap excitation. However, these resonant nonlinearities, by their nature, involve significant linear absorption (see Chap. 1 in this volume and Chap. 5 in Vol. 59), which is undesirable in many applications. In ...
... have been in semiconductors (Miller and Duncan, 1987; Hill et al., 1982) and involve near-gap excitation. However, these resonant nonlinearities, by their nature, involve significant linear absorption (see Chap. 1 in this volume and Chap. 5 in Vol. 59), which is undesirable in many applications. In ...
Atomic absorption spectroscopy
Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is a spectroanalytical procedure for the quantitative determination of chemical elements using the absorption of optical radiation (light) by free atoms in the gaseous state.In analytical chemistry the technique is used for determining the concentration of a particular element (the analyte) in a sample to be analyzed. AAS can be used to determine over 70 different elements in solution or directly in solid samples used in pharmacology, biophysics and toxicology research.Atomic absorption spectroscopy was first used as an analytical technique, and the underlying principles were established in the second half of the 19th century by Robert Wilhelm Bunsen and Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, both professors at the University of Heidelberg, Germany.The modern form of AAS was largely developed during the 1950s by a team of Australian chemists. They were led by Sir Alan Walsh at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Division of Chemical Physics, in Melbourne, Australia.Atomic absorption spectrometry has many uses in different areas of chemistry such as: Clinical analysis: Analyzing metals in biological fluids and tissues such as whole blood, plasma, urine, saliva, brain tissue, liver, muscle tissue, semen Pharmaceuticals: In some pharmaceutical manufacturing processes, minute quantities of a catalyst that remain in the final drug product Water analysis: Analyzing water for its metal content.↑ ↑ ↑