One world, many pathogens
... Europe by Santini et al. as well as similar analyses of forest insect and disease invasions in other parts of the world (Roques et al., 2009; Aukema et al., 2010; Marini et al., 2012) provide useful characterization of invasion pathways. This information is critical for informing policies on trade a ...
... Europe by Santini et al. as well as similar analyses of forest insect and disease invasions in other parts of the world (Roques et al., 2009; Aukema et al., 2010; Marini et al., 2012) provide useful characterization of invasion pathways. This information is critical for informing policies on trade a ...
two ecosystem engineers interact to degrade deciduous forests of
... large change in the physiognomy of a forest. Browseresistant species are often structurally very different from browse-sensitive species that may have dominated previously (e.g., replacing native shrubs with grasses or leaf litter). This can alter the microclimate of forest floors and thus the abund ...
... large change in the physiognomy of a forest. Browseresistant species are often structurally very different from browse-sensitive species that may have dominated previously (e.g., replacing native shrubs with grasses or leaf litter). This can alter the microclimate of forest floors and thus the abund ...
Restoring Forest Landscapes A “Win
... have promoted conservation of the world’s ecosystems. Although the extent of protected areas has significantly increased in all regions, the degradation of forest landscapes and other terrestrial ecosystems still continues at alarming rates. The negative consequences for people, the environment and ...
... have promoted conservation of the world’s ecosystems. Although the extent of protected areas has significantly increased in all regions, the degradation of forest landscapes and other terrestrial ecosystems still continues at alarming rates. The negative consequences for people, the environment and ...
Forest Health highlights 2012 MAINE
... budworm epidemic of the late 1970s and early 1980s, thousands of acres of red pine (Pinus resinosa) plantations were established on forest lands that had been harvested during pre-salvage and salvage operations. Many of these plantations occur in the Downeast region of Washington and Hancock Countie ...
... budworm epidemic of the late 1970s and early 1980s, thousands of acres of red pine (Pinus resinosa) plantations were established on forest lands that had been harvested during pre-salvage and salvage operations. Many of these plantations occur in the Downeast region of Washington and Hancock Countie ...
Restoring tropical diversity: beating the time tax on species loss
... extinction while embedded in low-diversity stands of early successional pioneer trees. 2. Pasture matrices undergoing passive secondary succession become a ‘pioneer desert’ from the vantage of remnant immigration, imposing a ‘time tax’ of loss of deep-forest plants from forest fragments. However, if ...
... extinction while embedded in low-diversity stands of early successional pioneer trees. 2. Pasture matrices undergoing passive secondary succession become a ‘pioneer desert’ from the vantage of remnant immigration, imposing a ‘time tax’ of loss of deep-forest plants from forest fragments. However, if ...
Unit Three - mswoodford
... An estimated 70-90% of life in the rainforest exists in the trees, above the shaded forest floor. Primary tropical rainforest is vertically divided into at least five layers: the overstory , the canopy, the understory, the shrub layer, and the forest floor. Each layer has its own unique plant and an ...
... An estimated 70-90% of life in the rainforest exists in the trees, above the shaded forest floor. Primary tropical rainforest is vertically divided into at least five layers: the overstory , the canopy, the understory, the shrub layer, and the forest floor. Each layer has its own unique plant and an ...
El Yunque Caribbean National Forest
... DEBATE: Should rain forests be cleared for logging, cattle grazing, and other development? People who support clearing more rain forest for development Cattle rancher in Costa Rica "It is possible to raise cattle on rain-forest land with more scientific ranching methods. The government is helping fa ...
... DEBATE: Should rain forests be cleared for logging, cattle grazing, and other development? People who support clearing more rain forest for development Cattle rancher in Costa Rica "It is possible to raise cattle on rain-forest land with more scientific ranching methods. The government is helping fa ...
- Mountain Research Initiative
... notably chimpanzee and gorillas, but are also significantly rich for plants, reptiles, amphibians, birds and invertebrates. These areas contain important forests and mountain ecosystems that are repositories of biodiversity and ecosystem services, notably the provision of water to lowland communitie ...
... notably chimpanzee and gorillas, but are also significantly rich for plants, reptiles, amphibians, birds and invertebrates. These areas contain important forests and mountain ecosystems that are repositories of biodiversity and ecosystem services, notably the provision of water to lowland communitie ...
BIOMES
... CANOPY Upper parts of the trees Full of life: insects, birds, reptiles, mammals UNDERSTORY A dark, cool environment under the leaves, over the ground FOREST FLOOR Teeming with animal life, especially insects Largest animals in the rainforest ...
... CANOPY Upper parts of the trees Full of life: insects, birds, reptiles, mammals UNDERSTORY A dark, cool environment under the leaves, over the ground FOREST FLOOR Teeming with animal life, especially insects Largest animals in the rainforest ...
Tom Young`s Wood - monaghantownbiodiversity.com
... Deadwood is providing habitat, shelter and food source for birds, bats and other mammals and is particularly important for the less visible majority of forest dwelling species: insects, especially beetles, fungi and lichens. Deadwood and its biodiversity also play a key role for sustaining forest pr ...
... Deadwood is providing habitat, shelter and food source for birds, bats and other mammals and is particularly important for the less visible majority of forest dwelling species: insects, especially beetles, fungi and lichens. Deadwood and its biodiversity also play a key role for sustaining forest pr ...
Northland`s kauri forests - Department of Conservation
... Nothing is more symbolic of Northland than the kauri. While most of Northland’s kauri forest is gone, felled for its high quality timber or simply burned to make way for farmland, we can still marvel at the splendid forests remaining and plan for new trees to thrive in the future. Most of what is le ...
... Nothing is more symbolic of Northland than the kauri. While most of Northland’s kauri forest is gone, felled for its high quality timber or simply burned to make way for farmland, we can still marvel at the splendid forests remaining and plan for new trees to thrive in the future. Most of what is le ...
Patterns of herbivory on Macaranga peltata, a pioneer species in the
... types, including tropical wet evergreen and southern tropical moist deciduous forests 17–19. The site encompasses a mosaic of habitats, including primary forests, secondary growth forests resulting from selective felling to complete clearing interspersed with tea plantations. Generally many light-to ...
... types, including tropical wet evergreen and southern tropical moist deciduous forests 17–19. The site encompasses a mosaic of habitats, including primary forests, secondary growth forests resulting from selective felling to complete clearing interspersed with tea plantations. Generally many light-to ...
The Role of Forests in the Preservation of Biodiversity
... Loo Judy A. Canadian Forest Service, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada Keywords: Biodiversity, boreal, temperate, tropical, ecosystems, fragmentation, succession, species, genetic diversity ...
... Loo Judy A. Canadian Forest Service, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada Keywords: Biodiversity, boreal, temperate, tropical, ecosystems, fragmentation, succession, species, genetic diversity ...
Wood Thrush and Scarlet Tanager
... Post-breeding Habitat Like most birds that breed in mature forests, wood thrushes and scarlet tanagers utilize areas of high sapling density during the post-breeding period, including regenerating harvest zones.8-10,54-57 These thickets offer protective cover at a time when risk of mortality is high ...
... Post-breeding Habitat Like most birds that breed in mature forests, wood thrushes and scarlet tanagers utilize areas of high sapling density during the post-breeding period, including regenerating harvest zones.8-10,54-57 These thickets offer protective cover at a time when risk of mortality is high ...
The Spiritual Ecology of the Boreal Forest
... And when Summer comes to prevail. . . Moisture is flowing slowly here, in this boreal land. Intermittent precipitation and slow evaporative forces, plus sluggish nutrient cycling, are the ways and means of its ecological account. Despite the near-arid conditions, a high incidence of moisture occurs ...
... And when Summer comes to prevail. . . Moisture is flowing slowly here, in this boreal land. Intermittent precipitation and slow evaporative forces, plus sluggish nutrient cycling, are the ways and means of its ecological account. Despite the near-arid conditions, a high incidence of moisture occurs ...
Stella J.M. Cousins - College of Natural Resources
... Sierra Nevada range. Presentation. International Union of Forest Research Organizations/Society of American Foresters Joint World Congress. Salt Lake City, UT. October 6-11, 2014. Cousins, S. Pines under pressure: how Sierra Nevada forests respond to ozone and drought. Presentation. International Un ...
... Sierra Nevada range. Presentation. International Union of Forest Research Organizations/Society of American Foresters Joint World Congress. Salt Lake City, UT. October 6-11, 2014. Cousins, S. Pines under pressure: how Sierra Nevada forests respond to ozone and drought. Presentation. International Un ...
Ecological consequences of alternative fuel reduction treatments in seasonally dry forests:
... T niultisite, multivariate research project that evaluates the ecological consequences of prescribed fire and its mechanical surrogates in seasonally dry forests of the United States. The need for a comprehensive national FFS study stemmed from concern that information on the ecological effects of r ...
... T niultisite, multivariate research project that evaluates the ecological consequences of prescribed fire and its mechanical surrogates in seasonally dry forests of the United States. The need for a comprehensive national FFS study stemmed from concern that information on the ecological effects of r ...
CF Kimberly-Clark
... from the Atlantic to the Pacific coast, the Boreal forest is truly enormous. It covers an area of 560 million hectares, roughly twenty times the size of the United Kingdom, and represents over 25% of the world’s remaining intact ancient forests. The Boreal forest is also home to hundreds of species ...
... from the Atlantic to the Pacific coast, the Boreal forest is truly enormous. It covers an area of 560 million hectares, roughly twenty times the size of the United Kingdom, and represents over 25% of the world’s remaining intact ancient forests. The Boreal forest is also home to hundreds of species ...
Effects of El Niño and large-scale forest fires on the - UvA-DARE
... 1985, Payne et al. 1985). Sun bears rely on tropical forest habitat, with two ecologically distinct categories of tropical forest occurring within their range (Fredriksson et al. 2008). These two types of forests are distinguished by differences in climate, phenology, and floristic composition. Trop ...
... 1985, Payne et al. 1985). Sun bears rely on tropical forest habitat, with two ecologically distinct categories of tropical forest occurring within their range (Fredriksson et al. 2008). These two types of forests are distinguished by differences in climate, phenology, and floristic composition. Trop ...
Jemez Mountains Salamander Factsheet
... salamanders are lungless, their skin is very thin and must remain moist in order for them to absorb oxygen. •N ightly Noshing. These nocturnal salamanders spend most of their lives underground in the moist soils of the Santa Fe National Forest, emerging at night to hunt insects. •T iny Treasures ...
... salamanders are lungless, their skin is very thin and must remain moist in order for them to absorb oxygen. •N ightly Noshing. These nocturnal salamanders spend most of their lives underground in the moist soils of the Santa Fe National Forest, emerging at night to hunt insects. •T iny Treasures ...
TABLE OF CONTENTS
... highest mountains, with the Loma Mountains being the highest in West Africa, West of Mount Cameroon. The highest peak in the Loma Mountains is Bintumani and rises to 1945 m while SanKan Biriwa on the Tingi Hills rises to 1805 m. West of these two mountains, is the Freetown Peninsula, which is also m ...
... highest mountains, with the Loma Mountains being the highest in West Africa, West of Mount Cameroon. The highest peak in the Loma Mountains is Bintumani and rises to 1945 m while SanKan Biriwa on the Tingi Hills rises to 1805 m. West of these two mountains, is the Freetown Peninsula, which is also m ...
2b_52_tropical lowland rainforest birds.PMD
... within primary/secondary rainforest) have gone extinct. Based on observations of 2 forest dependent bird species (the Asian Fairy-Bluebird Irena puella and Short-tailed Babbler Malacocincla malaccensis), we found that these species occupied remnants that were larger and less isolated than unoccupied ...
... within primary/secondary rainforest) have gone extinct. Based on observations of 2 forest dependent bird species (the Asian Fairy-Bluebird Irena puella and Short-tailed Babbler Malacocincla malaccensis), we found that these species occupied remnants that were larger and less isolated than unoccupied ...
Land Biomes - TeacherWeb
... Biome- geographic areas that have similar climates and ecosystems Climate • ...
... Biome- geographic areas that have similar climates and ecosystems Climate • ...
Introductory Research Essay - Epsilon Open Archive
... Wildfires are random but frequent events in nature and play an important role in maintaining biodiversity. Fires create large volumes of dead wood and allow deciduous trees to colonize areas otherwise dominated by conifers. Mosaic landscapes created by fire also sustain many other plant and animal s ...
... Wildfires are random but frequent events in nature and play an important role in maintaining biodiversity. Fires create large volumes of dead wood and allow deciduous trees to colonize areas otherwise dominated by conifers. Mosaic landscapes created by fire also sustain many other plant and animal s ...
Forest
A forest is a large area of land covered with trees or other woody vegetation. Hundreds of more precise definitions of forest are used throughout the world, incorporating factors such as tree density, tree height, land use, legal standing and ecological function. According to the widely-used United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization definition, forests covered an area of four billion hectares (15 million square miles) or approximately 30 percent of the world's land area in 2006.Forests are the dominant terrestrial ecosystem of Earth, and are distributed across the globe. Forests account for 75% of the gross primary productivity of the Earth's biosphere, and contain 80% of the Earth's plant biomass.Forests at different latitudes form distinctly different ecozones: boreal forests near the poles tend to consist of evergreens, while tropical forests near the equator tend to be distinct from the temperate forests at mid-latitude. The amount of precipitation and the elevation of the forest also affects forest composition.Human society and forests influence each other in both positive and negative ways. Forests provide ecosystem services to humans and serve as tourist attractions. Forests can also impose costs, affect people's health, and interfere with tourist enjoyment. Human activities, including harvesting forest resources, can negatively affect forest ecosystems.