Influence of a thin metal layer on a beam propagation in
... index increases in a linear way to above 16. So it can be seen that the extinction index is much higher than refractive in− dex. Characteristics of refractive and extinction indices for titanium present a totally different shape. Both, refractive and extinction indices present similar value for the ...
... index increases in a linear way to above 16. So it can be seen that the extinction index is much higher than refractive in− dex. Characteristics of refractive and extinction indices for titanium present a totally different shape. Both, refractive and extinction indices present similar value for the ...
PH-101 Principles of Physics 3 class hours 2 laboratory hours 4
... Traces the historical development of some key scientific ideas and the interaction of the individual scientist with his/her world. The relationship of science to major human events is considered. There is discussion of answers to such questions as: What is motion? What matters? What is life? What is ...
... Traces the historical development of some key scientific ideas and the interaction of the individual scientist with his/her world. The relationship of science to major human events is considered. There is discussion of answers to such questions as: What is motion? What matters? What is life? What is ...
Rays and Optical beams
... they are passing through various optical media. One finds that the passage through these optical elements can be described by simply 2x2 matrices. This section also describes the propagation of Gaussian beams in various optical media. It will be shown that simple ray matrices can be employed to desc ...
... they are passing through various optical media. One finds that the passage through these optical elements can be described by simply 2x2 matrices. This section also describes the propagation of Gaussian beams in various optical media. It will be shown that simple ray matrices can be employed to desc ...
John Kerr and his effects found in 1877 and 1878
... On switching on the magnetic field in the state of complete extinction, the beam passing through the second Nicol is only weakened and cannot be brought to complete extinction. ‘‘The effect is very faint at best,’’ as John Kerr notes. Clearly enough this effect can be reproduced an indefinite number ...
... On switching on the magnetic field in the state of complete extinction, the beam passing through the second Nicol is only weakened and cannot be brought to complete extinction. ‘‘The effect is very faint at best,’’ as John Kerr notes. Clearly enough this effect can be reproduced an indefinite number ...
Label-free super-resolution imaging of adenoviruses by submerged
... microsphere in water under white light (reflective mode) illumination. The imaging result is shown in Figure 2, along with an image obtained by SEM for comparison. The structure (100-nm spacing) observed by the SMON technique is well beyond the spatial resolution limit of standard optical microscope ...
... microsphere in water under white light (reflective mode) illumination. The imaging result is shown in Figure 2, along with an image obtained by SEM for comparison. The structure (100-nm spacing) observed by the SMON technique is well beyond the spatial resolution limit of standard optical microscope ...
The Spectrum Analyzer and The Mode Structure
... The value of chi squared for the second set directly proportional to the resonant frequency vo . of line fit parameters (for Fig. 10) is 2.3 as That is, a decrease in the lasing wavelength ( compared to 32.1 in the case when k[0] was fixed 632.8 nm to 543.5 nm ) should result in an at zero. The valu ...
... The value of chi squared for the second set directly proportional to the resonant frequency vo . of line fit parameters (for Fig. 10) is 2.3 as That is, a decrease in the lasing wavelength ( compared to 32.1 in the case when k[0] was fixed 632.8 nm to 543.5 nm ) should result in an at zero. The valu ...
Optimal wavelength for ultrahigh-resolution optical
... sample. It can be noted that for low OCT resolution, such as 10 µm, the broadening effect is small in which the influence of dispersion on OCT resolution can be ignored. However, with increasing resolution, K also increases. When the OCT resolution is smaller than 2 µm, K increases steeply. As a res ...
... sample. It can be noted that for low OCT resolution, such as 10 µm, the broadening effect is small in which the influence of dispersion on OCT resolution can be ignored. However, with increasing resolution, K also increases. When the OCT resolution is smaller than 2 µm, K increases steeply. As a res ...
Coherent population trapping resonances at lower atomic
... However, the detected CPT peak is determined mainly by the trapped atomic population at the lower level |1ñ in the nonclosed L-system (Fig. 1) because of negligible population of its excited state |3ñ under the CPT condition (1). This statement was confirmed by our corresponding theoretical estimati ...
... However, the detected CPT peak is determined mainly by the trapped atomic population at the lower level |1ñ in the nonclosed L-system (Fig. 1) because of negligible population of its excited state |3ñ under the CPT condition (1). This statement was confirmed by our corresponding theoretical estimati ...
Lec03 - nptel
... Skew rays propagate without passing through the central axis of the fiber. In fact the skew rays go on spiralling around the axis of the optical fiber. The light energy carried by them is effectively confined to an annular region around the axis as shown in figure 3.6. Consequently, at the output, s ...
... Skew rays propagate without passing through the central axis of the fiber. In fact the skew rays go on spiralling around the axis of the optical fiber. The light energy carried by them is effectively confined to an annular region around the axis as shown in figure 3.6. Consequently, at the output, s ...
Off-axis focal shift for rotationally nonsymmetric screens
... Fourier-transform relation of McCutchen,4 and there is no focal shift. However, when the Fresnel number is small, z cannot be ignored, and the factor 1/(f + z) outside the integral shifts the irradiance peak to negative values of z i.e., toward the aperture, resulting in the focal-shift effect. It i ...
... Fourier-transform relation of McCutchen,4 and there is no focal shift. However, when the Fresnel number is small, z cannot be ignored, and the factor 1/(f + z) outside the integral shifts the irradiance peak to negative values of z i.e., toward the aperture, resulting in the focal-shift effect. It i ...
A finite element beam propagation method for simulation of liquid
... Our goal is the development of a full-vector finite element BPM to simulate the evolution of the electric field of an input optical field upon propagation through inhomogeneous anisotropic media. In particular, we want to apply the method for optical modeling of liquid crystal devices such as liquid ...
... Our goal is the development of a full-vector finite element BPM to simulate the evolution of the electric field of an input optical field upon propagation through inhomogeneous anisotropic media. In particular, we want to apply the method for optical modeling of liquid crystal devices such as liquid ...
Wavelength Division Multiplexing of a Fibre
... convert the shift in the FBG wavelength to an intensity change, whereas in power detection a spectrally dependent source converts the shift in the FBG wavelength to an intensity change. Narrow bandwidth source based power detection uses either the reflected or the transmitted component from the FBG. ...
... convert the shift in the FBG wavelength to an intensity change, whereas in power detection a spectrally dependent source converts the shift in the FBG wavelength to an intensity change. Narrow bandwidth source based power detection uses either the reflected or the transmitted component from the FBG. ...
Ultrafast Lasers Based on Quantum Dot Structures
... efficiently localizes the charge carriers of both signs (electrons and holes) within the active layer, by creating a potential well for both types of carriers. This potential well also leads to the possibility of achieving carrier densities in the active layer exceeding the doping level of the inject ...
... efficiently localizes the charge carriers of both signs (electrons and holes) within the active layer, by creating a potential well for both types of carriers. This potential well also leads to the possibility of achieving carrier densities in the active layer exceeding the doping level of the inject ...
Size Estimation of Protein Clusters in the Nanometer Range by
... modulation is obtained (R = 0), and the AID is equal to the PSF, whereas the modulation of the AID of an extended object is smaller (R > 0) i.e., the intensities in the local minima of the fringes are not zero. In order to obtain calibration functions, which relate the modulation contrast R to the a ...
... modulation is obtained (R = 0), and the AID is equal to the PSF, whereas the modulation of the AID of an extended object is smaller (R > 0) i.e., the intensities in the local minima of the fringes are not zero. In order to obtain calibration functions, which relate the modulation contrast R to the a ...
A Comparative Study of Laser Induced Plasma Micro
... Three low melting point polymers were used in this study, as described in Table 1. These polymers are commercially available with a variety of properties such as color, surface finish, rigidity and shape. For this study, the three polymers used have melting points in the range of 105-1800C and opaci ...
... Three low melting point polymers were used in this study, as described in Table 1. These polymers are commercially available with a variety of properties such as color, surface finish, rigidity and shape. For this study, the three polymers used have melting points in the range of 105-1800C and opaci ...
Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 223901 (2009)
... tion in the fluorescence signal (even for long measurement times) and the short loading time of <1 s. The modes from a frequency comb can be described by the repetition frequency frep of the pulses and a carrierenvelope offset frequency fceo . The frequency of the nth mode is equal to fn ¼ fceo þ n ...
... tion in the fluorescence signal (even for long measurement times) and the short loading time of <1 s. The modes from a frequency comb can be described by the repetition frequency frep of the pulses and a carrierenvelope offset frequency fceo . The frequency of the nth mode is equal to fn ¼ fceo þ n ...
The AntIer-Townes effect revisited
... one to study the behavior of atoms put in resonant cavities having a very high finesse. ln such (real) cavities, the number N of photons has a definite meaning. For example, the cavity can be empty (N = 0) and one can then study how the spontaneous emission rates and the Lamb shift are modified by t ...
... one to study the behavior of atoms put in resonant cavities having a very high finesse. ln such (real) cavities, the number N of photons has a definite meaning. For example, the cavity can be empty (N = 0) and one can then study how the spontaneous emission rates and the Lamb shift are modified by t ...
Optical tweezers
Optical tweezers (originally called ""single-beam gradient force trap"") are scientific instruments that use a highly focused laser beam to provide an attractive or repulsive force (typically on the order of piconewtons), depending on the refractive index mismatch to physically hold and move microscopic dielectric objects similar to tweezers. Optical tweezers have been particularly successful in studying a variety of biological systems in recent years.