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Genetic analysis is extremely powerful, but also limited in the
Genetic analysis is extremely powerful, but also limited in the

... This “Fluctuation Test” revealed that mutations arise spontaneously in a population, presumably due to some “natural” mutagenic process(es). This provided strong support for Darwin’s ideas about natural selection acting on naturally arising variation. Salvador Luria and Max Delbrück received the Nob ...
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... RNA (ncRNAs), interfering RNA (siRNA), etc., which render the work of natural selection—or at least the classical conception of this—untenable. Furthermore, this understanding gives rise to another question, namely, which genic unit natural selection acts upon, taking into account the deep interconn ...
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History of molecular evolution

The history of molecular evolution starts in the early 20th century with ""comparative biochemistry"", but the field of molecular evolution came into its own in the 1960s and 1970s, following the rise of molecular biology. The advent of protein sequencing allowed molecular biologists to create phylogenies based on sequence comparison, and to use the differences between homologous sequences as a molecular clock to estimate the time since the last common ancestor. In the late 1960s, the neutral theory of molecular evolution provided a theoretical basis for the molecular clock, though both the clock and the neutral theory were controversial, since most evolutionary biologists held strongly to panselectionism, with natural selection as the only important cause of evolutionary change. After the 1970s, nucleic acid sequencing allowed molecular evolution to reach beyond proteins to highly conserved ribosomal RNA sequences, the foundation of a reconceptualization of the early history of life.
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